Osteokinematic Motion

(Physiological, Classical Motion)

Actively moving muscles through ROM, such as flexion, extension, adbduction, adduction, or rotation

As we move our joints throughout the day, we are actively performing osteokinematic movements

End Feel

a subjective assessment of the quality of the feel when slight pressure is applied at the end of the joint's passive ROM

Bony End Feel

aka

Hard End Feel

normal end feel that is characterized by a hard and abrupt limit to passive joint motion

Firm End Feel

normal end feel characterized by a firm sensation that has slight give when the joint is taken to the end-range of motion

Soft End Feel

normal end feel that occurs when muscle bulk is compressed

Abornmal Bony End Feel

abnormal end feel characterized by the sudden hard stop usually felt well before the end of normal ROM

Boggy End Feel

abnormal end feel often found in acute conditions in which soft tissue edema is present, such as immediately after a severe sprained ankle or w/ synovitis

Muscle Spasm

abnormal end feel in which there is reflexive muscle guarding during motion

Empty End Feel

Abnormal end feel that occurs when movement produces considerable pain. There is no mechanical limitation at the end of the range, b/c the individual will not let you move the part through further ROM.

Arthrokinematic Motion

the manner in which adjoining joint surfaces move on each other during osteokinematic joint movement

it is referred as "joint surface motion"

Component Movements & Joint Play

Name the two types of accessory motion necessary for joint play

Component Movements

motions that accompany active motion but are not under voluntary control

ex: the shoulder girdle must rotate upward for the shoulder joint to flex

Joint Play

 passive movments b/t joint surfaces done by passively applying external forces

ex: when an experienced physician passively moves the patellofemoral joint while in knee flexion

Joint Mobilization

passive oscillatory motions applied by external force

Manipulation

forceful external force applied w/in a short range

Outward

A convex surface is curved ____.

Inward

A concave surface is curved ____.

Ovoid Joint

this particular joint has a convex-concave relationship

Sellar, Saddle-shaped Joint

In this particular joint, each joint surface is concave in one direction and convex in another

Roll

A type of arthrokinematics motion in which new points on each surface come in contact throughout the motion.

Spin

A type of arthrokinematic motion in which the same point on each surface reamins in contact w/ each other.

Glide

A type of arthrokinematic motion in which one point on a joint surface contacts new points on the other surface.

Concave-convex rule

describes how the differences in shapes of bone ends require joint surfaces to move in a specific way during joint movement

Concave

joint surface that moves in the same direction as the body segment's motion

convex

joint surface that moves in the opposite direction of the body segment's movement

close-packed

or

closed-pack

When a joint is congruent the joint surfaces have max contact w/ each other, are tightly compressed and are difficult to distract (separate). This is known as the ______-______ position.

close-packed

or

closed-pack

When ligaments and capsular structures are tested for stability and integrity, the joint is usually placed in the _____-_____ position.

open-packed

or

loose-packed

When parts of the capsule and supportin ligaments are lax with maximum incongruency b/t the articular surfaces this is referred to a the _____-______ position.

Traction, distraction, or tension force

joint surfaces are pulled apart by some external force

approximation, compression force

 this occurs when an external force is exerted on a joint causing the be pushed closer together

shear force

joint surfaces move parallel and in opposite directions of each other

Bending

occurs when an other-than-vertical force is applied, resulting in compression on the concave side and distraction on the convex side