Term
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Definition
Name: Enthroned Christ with Saints
Artist: Orcagna
Date: 1354-57
Location: Strozzi Chapel, Santa Maria Novella, Florence
-ANDREA DI CIONE (known as Orcagna)
-Christ HANDING a book to St. Thomas Aquinas and a pair of keys to St. Peter
-Christ is surrounded by a MANDORLA: an almond-shaped aureole or body-halo outlined by rows of cherubim (= plural of “cherub”) alternating with seraphim (plural of “seraph”)
-Cherubim and seraphim are special kinds of angels, usually represented
as winged children’s heads and usually colored blue (for cherubim) or red (for
seraphim).
-KEYS: symbolizing the authority delegated to St. Peter/Gold AND silver, symbolizing St. Peter's authority over Heaven AND Earth
-BOOK: inscribed with two biblical texts: one from the Book of Revelation and the other from the first Book of Kings. Thus, just as Christ gives authority over heaven and earth to St. Peter, he assigns guardianship of Church doctrine to St. Thomas, the greatest theologian of the later Middle Ages.
-JOHN THE BAPTIST: looking toward the viewer with an unfocused gaze & points to Christ
-FAR LEFT: The Archangel Michael (with dragon-demon) and St. Catherine (with wheel and martyr’s palm
-FAR RIGHT: St. Lawrence (with grill and martyr’s palm) and St. Paul (with the sword of his martyrdom)
-ST. PAUL: holding his epistle (letter) to the Romans (labeled Ad Romanos), sealed with red sealing wax. The sixth book of the New Testament, Paul’s epistle is said to be his most important theological legacy.
-COMPARE: Giotto: (G-more logical/expressive, O-super heavy figure who sits on nothing/illogical) |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints
Artist: Nardo di Cione
Date: 1356
-WIDELY considered to be the most important Trecento painting in America
-GOLDFINCH: clutched by Christ child which symbolizes his Passion, and looks toward the female saint to his left (our right), thus calling special attention to her
-SAINTS: Zenobius and Reparata (top); John the Baptist and John the Evangelist (bottom) [all Florentine patron saints]
-REPARATA: a semi-legendary 3rd-century saint, was the dedicatee of the first Cathedral of Florence, eventually rebuilt and rededicated to St. Mary of the Flower (Santa Maria del Fiore). In fact, the panel is believed to have been made for the first Cathedral before it was torn down and replaced by the present one. This may account for the prominence given to St. Reparata in the painting.
-FEEL: vertical/weightless |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Madonna and Child with Sts. Peter and John the Evangelist
Artist: Nardo di Cione
Date: 1360
-SMALL triptych
-INSCRIPTION across the bottom is the beginning of the “angelic salutation”: Ave gratia plena do[minus tecum]—“Hail, full of grace, the Lord is with you.”
-SGRAFFITO technique: (applying layers of plaster tinted in contrasting colors to a moistened surface), like Giotto |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints
Artist: Andrea di Bonaiuto
Date: 1360s
Location: Santa Maria del Carmine, Church of Carmelite Order, Florence
-POLYPTYCH
-INCLUDES John the Baptist, the Florentine patron saint, and the Prophet Elijah, legendary founder of the Order, dressed in the white and black Carmelite habit.
-FEEL: flat, conventional, |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints
Artist: Giovanni del Biondo
Date: 1379
Location: The Rinuccini Chapel in Santa Croce
-AKA: the Rinuccini Polyptych or Rinuccini Altarpiece
-The altarpiece INCLUDES John the Baptist, the Florentine patron saint, and St. Francis, founder of the Franciscan Order, displaying his stigmata and receiving a wedding ring from Lady Poverty
-Fills to top/elaborate halos |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Annunciation with Saints
Artist: Lorenzo Monaco
Date: 1410-15
-Monaco=Monk
-frame=modern reconstruction
-SAINTS: Anthony, Catherine, Proculus and Frances
-Includes St. Anthony's pig
-COMPARE: Simone Martini's "Annunciation" |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Coronation of the Virgin
Artist: Lorenzo Monaco
Date: 1414
Location: Santa Maria degli Angeli, Florence
-Altarpiece
-Contains PREDELLA PANEL of The Nativity
-BENEDICTINE RULE: followed by the Camaldolese Monks, which accounts for the presence of St. Benedict at the far left, matched by St. Romuald (founder of the order) at the far right
-CAMALDOLESE: wear all white
-ANGELS: great number of angels a tribute to it's location in the "St. Mary of the Angels"
-HALOS: different patterns
-COMPARE: Duccio's Maesta Altarpiece |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Adoration of the Magi
Artist: Lorenzo Monaco
Date: 1422 |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Valle Romita Polyptych
Artist: Gentile da Fabriano
Date: 1410-14
Location: Valle Romita (near Fabriano)
-FRAME: reconstruction, dating all the way to 1925
-CORONATION OF THE VIRGIN: scriptures on Christ's and Mary's robes
-SAINTS: Jerome & Frances, Dominic & Mary Magdalene |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Strozzi Altarpiece
Artist: Gentile da Fabriano
Date: 1423
Location: Santa Trinita, Florence
-PANELS: Adoration of the Magi (main), Nativity, and Flight into Egypt
-COMMISSIONED: by Palla Strozzi for his family's burial chapter
-PASTIGLIA: low-relief pastework
-Foreshortening of heads
-tells full story, STAR, JOURNEY, BETHLEHEM
-COMPARE: Lorenzo Monaco's Adoration of the Magi |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Expulsion of Adam and Eve
Artist: Masaccio
Date: 1425-27
Location: Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
-Frescoes
-CENTRAL PANEL |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Madonna of Humility
Artist: Masolino
Date: 1423
BASE: contains coats of arms of the Carnesecchi and Boni families (marriage) |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Madonna and Child Enthroned
Artist: Masaccio
Date: 1426
Location: Pisa Polyptych (from Santa Maria del Carmine, Pisa)
-GRAPES: munching on grapes/blood of Christ
-Angels playing lutes |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Crucifixion
Artist: Masaccio
Date: 1426
Location: Pisa Polyptych (from Santa Maria del Carmine, Pisa)
-VIEW: from below, collarbones are obscuring the neck
-SUMMIT of the altarpiece |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Crucifixion of St. Peter
Artist: Masaccio
Date: 1426
Location: Pisa Polyptych (from Santa Maria del Carmine, Pisa) |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Adoration of the Magi
Artist: Masaccio
Date: 1426
Location: Pisa Polyptych (from Santa Maria del Carmine, Pisa)
-SEAT: sella curulis: regal status chair |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Temptation of Adam and Eve
Artist: Masolino
Date: 1425-27
Location: Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Tribute Money
Artist: Masaccio
Date: 1425-27
Location: Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
-DISTANCE: things get paler in the back the further they are
-HEAD OF CHRIST: probably painted by Masolino |
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Term
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Definition
Name: St. Peter Healing with His Shadow
Artist: Masaccio
Date: 1425-27
Location: Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence |
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Term
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Definition
Name: St. Peter Distributing Alms
Artist: Masaccio
Date: 1425-27
Location: Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence |
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Term
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Definition
Name: The Trinity
Artist: Masaccio
Date: 1426-27
Location: Santa Maria Novella, Florence
-Fresco
-St. John the Evangelist & Virgin Mary/ Also Donor portraits
-INSCRIPTION: Above skeleton “I used to be what you are, and what I am, you too will be." |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Baptism of Christ
Artist: Masolino
Date: 1435
Location: Baptistery, Castiglione Olona
-Surmounted by "God the Father Surrounded by Angels" |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Feast of Herod
Artist: Masolino
Date: 1435
Location: Baptistery, Castiglione Olona
-BURIAL of John the Baptist |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Descent from the Cross (Deposition)
Artist: Fra. Angelico
Date: 1434
Location: Santa Trinita, Florence
-Altarpiece
-COMMISSIONED by Palla Strozzi, started by Monaco and finished by Angelico
-infancy cycle and death cycle
-Second figure known as a BEATO
-BACKGROUND: Jerusalem |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Annunciation
Artist: Fra. Angelico
Date: 1432-34
Location: San Domenico, Cortana
-Squared-off altarpiece
-Gabriel speaks in two streams of words
-Mary responds with one
-DETAIL: Expulsion of Adam and Eve from paradise
-HAIL MARY: must say before the image |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Annunciation
Artist: Fra. Angelico
Date: 1438-45
Location: Convent of San Marco, Florence
-Fresco
-HALLWAY at top of stairs |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Annunciation
Artist: Fra. Angelico
Date: 1438-45
Location: Convent of San Marco, Florence
-Fresco
-FRIARS CELL |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Coronation of the Virgin
Artist: Fra. Angelico
Date: 1438-45
Location: Convent of San Marco, Florence
-fresco
-FRIARS CELL
-3/6 saints are Dominican |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Transfiguration
Artist: Fra. Angelico
Date: 1438-45
Location: Convent of San Marco, Florence
-fresco
-FRIAR'S CELL |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Tarquinia Madonna
Artist: Fra. Filippo Lippi
Date: 1437
-squat and stout
-Like Masaccio, but a decade later
-hefty Christ child |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Barbadori Altarpiece
Artist: Fra. Filippo Lippi
Date: 1437
Location: Louvre/ from Barbadori family chapel in Florentine church of Santo Spirito
SAINT: Frediano, patron saint of the parish that Santo Spirito is in
DETAIL: probable self portrait, leaning in, not allowed into sacred space |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Madonna and Child with Angels
Artist: Fra. Filippo Lippi
Date: 1450 |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Madonna and Child with the Birth of the Virgin and Meeting of Joachim and Anna
Artist: Fra. Filippo Lippi
Date: 1452-53
-NICKNAMED: Bartolini Tondo for the banker and statesman Leonardo Bartolini
-TONDO: circular painting
-BACKGROUND: displays scenes of when her conception might have taken place
-POMEGRANATE SEED: unknown
-STYLE: suggest motion |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Sir John Hawkwood
Artist: M. Paolo Uccello
Date: 1436
Location: Cathedral of Florence
-Fresco
-AKA: Giovanni Acuto
-private army man
-terra verde (green earth) |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Battle of San Romano
Artist: M. Paolo Uccello
Date: 1438-40
-Battle between Sienese and Florentine troops
-part of a series, now dispersed between 3 museums
-armor is accurate
-knight in PERSPECTIVE |
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Term
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Definition
Name: The Deluge
Artist: M. Paolo Uccello
Date: 1450
Location: Chiostro Verde [Green Cloister] of Santa Maria Novella
-DOVE returning to Noah
-Foreshortened figures
-DISMEMEBERED body parts
-lighting is consistent, left to right (lightning bolt casts light)
-boy with MAZZOCCHIO around his neck |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Adoration of the Magi
Artist: Domenico Veneziano
Date: 1439-41
Location: Possibly from the Medici Palace, Florence
-tondo
-probably an apprentice to Gentile da Fabriano
-guy in black and white is probably a Medici
-falcon stooping on a heron |
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Term
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Definition
Name: St. Lucy Altarpiece
Artist: N. Domenico Veneziano
Date: 1445-47
Location: Santa Lucia de' Magnoli, Florence
-Most important surviving work of Veneziano
-compartmentalized
-St. Francis and John the Baptist on left
-St. Jenovius and St. Lucy on right
-MARY: hourglass figure/simplified/classical pose
-FORESHORTENED |
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Term
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Definition
Name: St. John the Baptist in the Desert
Artist: N. Domenico Veneziano
Date: 1445-47
Location: Panel of the St. Lucy Altarpiece (Santa Lucia de' Magnoli, Florence)
-DROPPING his cloak and about to don one of camel hair
-CLASSICAL Roman figure |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Sts. John the Baptist and Francis
Artist: N. Domenico Veneziano
Date: 1450
Location: Santa Croce
-TOES wrap around the painted frame
-SPOLVERO technique (dusting) |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Last Supper
Artist: Andrea Del Castagno
Date: 1447
Location: Convent of Sant'Apollonia, Florence
-DETAIL: painted roof
-CONVINCING 3D box and fascination of foreshortening perspective
-SIMULATED marble panel
-ATTEMPTING color change with light
-HALO: like Veneziano's glass/reflection on top of head |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Uomini Famosi
Artist: Andrea Del Castagno
Date: 1448
Location: Villa Carducci, Florence
-"Famous Men and Women"
-Based on "NINE HEROES" (3 pagan, 3 jewish, 3 christian)
-HIS TAKE IS: 3 Florentine poets, 3 Florentine soldiers and 3 women
-RHYTHM: triads, but feeling of duos: one dude left out on the end
FOCUS: Pippo Spano, Farinata degli Uberti, Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio |
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Term
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Definition
Name: David
Artist: Andrea Del Castagno
Date: 1451
-Ceremonial leather shield
-Compare to Hellenistic Greek statues |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Vision of St. Jerome
Artist: Andrea Del Castagno
Date: 1454-55
Location: Santissima Annuziata, Florence
-pet lion
-COMPARE: St. John the Baptist by Veneziano
-expressionistic
-rope instead of thorns? |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Niccolò da Tolentino
Artist: Andrea Del Castagno
Date: 1455-56
Location: Cathedral of Florence
-General of Florentine army
-COMPARE: Uccello |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Misericordia Altarpiece (with the Madonna della Misericordia)
Artist: Piero Della Francesca
Date: 1445
-"Madonna of Mercy"
-COMMISSIONED: by the "company" of Misericordia
-Modern for a painting of its time
-conical body, sculpted in this light and darkness
-rare example of Madonna without Christ child
-MEMBERS OF THE COMPANY:
-reduced to a relatively small number, male one side, female on the other
-harmonious geometry
-all the heads are lined on the same horizontal line |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Baptism of Christ
Artist: Piero Della Francesca
Date: 1440s-50s
Location: Originally at a church in Sansepolcro dedicated to John the Baptist |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Resurrection
Artist: Piero Della Francesca
Date: 1458
Location: former Town Hall of Borgo Sansepolcro
-triangular
-COMPARE: Castagno's Resurrection
-flag held vertically, Castagno’s at an angle
-Piero’s is more classic/timeless, Castagno’s more athletic
-HALO:quarter inch thick
-polished brass to reflect top of head
-Jesus is pale/pastel, as opposed to darker, richer colors of the men
-aqua sky, early morning sunlight
-INTERSECTION at major horizontal and vertical lines
-simulated architectural slab with classical columns, portraying some sort of porch, through which we look into another realm
-only orthogonals in the painting |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Frescoes in San Francesco, Arezzo (Legend of the True Cross)
Artist: Piero Della Francesca
Date: 1450s
Location: Chapel in San Francesco, Arezzo |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Discovery of the Wood of the Cross and Meeting of Soloman and the Queen of Sheba
Artist: Piero Della Francesca
Date: 1450s
Location: Chapel in San Francesco, Arezzo |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Dream of Constantine
Artist: Piero Della Francesca
Date: 1450s
Location: San Francesco, Arezzo
-Foreshortened angel with cross |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Portraits of Federico da Montefeltro and Battista Sforza
Artist: Piero Della Francesca
Date: 1474
-Count and Countess of Urbino
-right side of his face wounded in a joust
-wife died at 25, after giving birth to her 7th child |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Madonna and Child with Saints (Montefeltro Altarpiece)
Artist: Piero Della Francesca
Date: mid-1470s
Location: Franciscan church of San Bernardino
COMMISSIONED: by Federico da Montefeltro
COMPARE: St. Lucy Altarpiece by Veneziano
-V: odd combination of classical and renaissance architecture/pink and green is comical
-DF: classical architecture in purest form/beautiful pure white
-V: John the Baptist in classic position of indicating the lamb of god
-DF: John the Baptist is more in a dreamlike state
MONTEFELTRO:
-the only one who is in more detail/reflects light/gleams
-Christ child is in the same angle leading towards Federico da Montefeltro’s arm, suggesting a connection
THE EGG:
-nothin! |
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Term
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Definition
Name: Battle of San Romano (Florence Panel)
Artist: Uccello
Date: mid-1430s |
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