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ARTEFACTS, ECOFACTS, AND GEOFACTS
lecture #1
13
Archaeology
Undergraduate 1
01/15/2010

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Cards

Term
WHAT ARE MINERALS?
Definition
crystalline solids
Term
WHICH CONTAINS CARBON: INORGANIC OR ORGANIC?
Definition
Organic
Term
NAME THE EIGHT WAYS TO IDENTIFY MINERALS.
Definition
Luster (how light reflects), Density (weight), Streak (scratch test), Habit (appearance/shape), Cleavage (how it breaks along crystalline plane), Fracture (how it breaks), Colour and Hardness
Term
WHAT IS THE MOH SCALE?
Definition
Hardness Scale
Term
WHAT IS A ROCK?
Definition
Collection of Minerals
Term
NAME THE THREE MAIN TYPES OF ROCK AND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THEM.
Definition
Igneous Rocks (volcanic), Sedimentary Rocks (surface rock) and Metamorphic Rocks (below surface)
Term
NAME TWO DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INTRUSIVE AND EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS.
Definition
Intrusive are slow cooling and large crystals, Extrusive are quick cooling with tiny crystals.
Term
NAME THE THREE TYPES OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS.
Definition
Low grade (low temp), Intermediate grade and High grade (high temp)
Term
WHICH METAMORPHIC ROCK IS ‘BANDED’, FOLIATED OR NONFOLIATED?
Definition
Foliated
Term
NAME THE FOUR MAIN TYPES OF RADIOACTIVE CLOCK DATING AND WHAT THEIR MAIN USE IS.
Definition
Radiocarbon dating (most useful type of dating, organic material), Potassium-argon dating (volcanic rock), Uranium-series dating (lime-rich areas/ caves), Fission-track dating (glassy materials).
Term
NAME THE THREE MAIN TYPES OF TRAPPED ELECTRON DATING METHODS AND WHAT THEIR MAIN USE IS.
Definition
Thermoluminescence dating (ceramics), Optical dating (minerals exposed to light), Electron spin resonance dating (tooth enamel)
Term
WHAT DOES ‘BP’ STAND FOR AND WHEN IS THE KNOWN ‘START DATE’ FOR RADIOCARBON DATES?
Definition
‘BP’ means ‘before the present’, the present is AD 1950
Term
WHAT IS THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RADIOACTIVE CLOCKS DATING AND TRAPPED ELECTRON DATING METHODS?
Definition
RC- amount of radiation emitted, TE- amount of radiation received
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