Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Art in the USA
20th Century Art
86
Art History
Undergraduate 2
04/07/2017

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
[image]
Definition

Louise Rönnebeck, Harvest, 1940

o   Commissioned almost 1200 murals for post offices in the USA

Term
[image]
Definition

Lester Beall, Light, 1937

-       Public art was seen worthy of government aid

o   Graphic design was important in terms of education

o   Art as a way of telling people what to do

o   Important people contained to consume things in order to keep industry moving

-       Immediate visual story

-       Rural Electrification Administration:

o   Individuals didn’t have to pay for electricity themselves

-       Posters like this about the benefits of electricity instead of burning wood, coal

o   Allowed for farming purposes à makes farms more productive

-        Light bulb stands for enlightenment

o   you can do activities in the evening, more efficient, life is enjoyable if there’s light

-       Red, white, and blue, inclusion in America à good for you and good for the country

o   you have to do your part and consume electricity so the economy doesn’t fall apart

-       Made a number of these types of posters underscoring this is the good thing to do

o   Used to persuade the public and promote change

Term
[image]
Definition

Ben Shahn, Jersey Homesteads detail, 1937-38

-       Other murals in the piece were about the workforce… productive with equipment’s which promotes development and building

Term
[image]
Definition

Reginald Marsh, The Park Bench, 1933

§  A way out of the economic crisis was dramatic change in government style, communist ideas were “floating around”

Term
[image]
Definition

Isabel Bishop, On the Street (Fourteenth Street), 1932

o   Seemingly purposeful

Term
[image]
Definition

Dorothea Lange, Migrant Mother, 1936

-       Referred to as the “ideal Madonna” --> absence of the male figure increases vulnerability and the feeling that they are “all alone”

Term
[image]
Definition

Alexandre Hogue, Erosions No.2: Earth Mother Laid Bare, 1936

-       Sobering form of the land that looks exhausted and ruined  --> disturbing painting of land

Term
[image]
Definition

Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930

o   “Heart of America” important region to celebrate America

Term
[image]
Definition

Thomas Hart Benton, City Building, 1930 (detail from mural, American Today)

-       (Associated American Artists) AAA forms in 1934 --> made cheap reproductions of key works so people can own reproductions in their homes which instilled values and culture

Term
[image]
Definition

Gerald Nailor (Toh Yah), Untitled, 1938

-       Commissioned for the Indian Affairs Exhibition but refused,  it is mocking and making fun of the white characters, making them seen pretentious, they are represented as larger than the other characters --> being critical about the white population who comes in to buy these works without trying to understand the histories and importance of the works

Term
[image]
Definition

Jackson Pollock, Autumn Rhythm, Number 30, 1950

o   Conveyed the making and mindset of Abstract Expressionism --> mythologizing Pollock as a freedom seeking postwar individual, a tormented artist-hero/outcast

o   Ritual aspect of applying the paint “type of choreography” à trance of activity

-       Overly romantic notions about native American culture, informing the way he works and draws from these cultures

-       Invited people to his studio --> but would not do work while they were there “explosive personality”

-       Clement Greenberg: the most developed work at the time, he was a critic that people listened to 

o   Prolific writer

o   Most important painter because of creative thought --> this put pressure on Pollock to live up to this reputation --> more than he could handle, went back to being an alcoholic, characterized similarly to James Dean, Elvis Presley 

o   Medium being very medium specific (wood, canvas)

-       Influenced by surrealists and automatism: entering the studio and just creating, “open-ended composition”

-       His death added to his “heroic figure”

Term
[image]
Definition

Mark Rothko, Yellow Band, 1956

-       Interpretation is up to the viewer  --> you become one with the painting

Term
[image]
Definition

Robert Motherwell, At Five in the Afternoon, from the series Elegy to the Spanish Republic 1950

-       Ethical then aesthetic, without ethical consciousness a painting is only about placement

Term
[image]
Definition

George Tooker, Subway, 1950

-       Tooker was a homosexual man and was hiding himself as to be gay in this time was to not conform

Term
[image]
Definition

Normal Lewis, Harlem Courtyard, 1954

-       Work fits in with the movement, but his racial identity does not

Term
[image]
Definition

Louise Bourgeois, Pregnant Woman, 1947-49

-       similar to Cycladic figures

Term
[image]
Definition

Lee Krasner, Untitled, 1949

o   Pollock becomes a heroic figure à people are more interested in what works there are left of his… not interested in hers

Term
[image]
Definition

William de Kooning, Woman I, 1950-52

-       “Women irritate me” –Kooning

Term
[image]
Definition

Jasper Johns, Flag on Orange Field, 1957

o   Inspired by Rauschenberg

Term
[image]
Definition

Robert Rauschenberg, Odalisk, 1955-58

-       Carries us through the city everyday… a mode of unconscious/divided attention, it does not recognize beauty or ugliness, but is simply just there.

Term
[image]
Definition

Bruce Conner, Looking Glass, 1964

o   He re-edits it and puts it to a musical soundtrack à beginnings of the music video

Term
[image]
Definition

Edward Kienholz, The Illegal Operation, 1962

-       Difficult to find appealing art

Term
[image]
Definition

Roy Lichtenstein, Eddie Diptych, 1963

-       Don’t come with the anti-establishment messages

Term
[image]
Definition

Andy Warhol, Twenty-Five Coloured Marilyn’s, 1962

-       “When you see a gruesome picture over and over again it doesn’t really have any effect”

Term
[image]
Definition

James Rosenquist, F-111, 1964-65

o   People made a living out of things that were destructive

Term
[image]
Definition

James Turrell, Catso Blue, 1967

-       Seeking to “see ourselves and understand the mechanisms of sight and individual perception à phenomenon of light

Term
[image]
Definition

Robert Smithson, Spiral Jetty, 1970

-       Constantly changes with water levels, materials move over time as a result of the movement of the water

Term
[image]
Definition

Donald Judd, Large Stack, 1968

-       “A work only needs to be interesting”

Term
[image]
Definition

Carl Andre, Aluminum and Magnesium Plain, 1969

o   Perhaps minimalism is an anecdote to pop art

Term
[image]
Definition

Chuck Close, Big Self-Portrait, 1968

-       Abstract quality up-close, only come in to focus when you step back

Term
[image]
Definition

Joseph Kosuth, One and Three Chairs, 1965

-       Use of text, no technical skill

Term
[image]
Definition

Vito Acconci, Trademarks, 1970

-       Photography and video played an important role in preserving the works for historical memory and documentation

Term
[image]
Definition

Eva Hesse, Untitled, 1970

-       These materials break down and change states à dramatically altering what they look like over time, material that wasn’t meant to last

Term
[image]
Definition

Judy Chicago, The Dinner Party, 1974-1979

o   Over 400 individuals who donated time or materials to the work… why is only her name attached to it

Term
[image]
Definition

Joan Semmel, Through the Object’s Eye, 1975

-       Female centered experience à opposition to the traditional female view

Term
[image]
Definition

Carolee Schneemann, Interior Scroll, 1975

-       Shocking work, but important in terms of breaking through barriers of criticism

Term
[image]
Definition

Miriam Schapiro, Mary Cassatt and Me, 1976

-       Wants to place herself in an artistic genealogy with them

Term
[image]
Definition

Ana Mendieta, Imagen de Yagul, (Image from Yagul) OR First Silueta, 1973

-       Celebrated the body as a primal source of life à she cast herself as an Earth goddess to express her longings to return to her homelands

Term
[image]
Definition

Yolanda Lopez, Portrait of the Artist as the Virgin of Guadalupe, 1978

-       “Ethnicity more than gender has shaped their identity”

Term
[image]
Definition

Faith Ringgold, the Flag is Bleeding, 1967

-       Blood drips, giving a potential reading of violence

Term
[image]
Definition

David Hammons, Injustice Case, 1970

o   Abuse of civil liberties

Term
[image]
Definition

Robert Colescott, George Washington Carver Crossing the Delaware: Page from American History 1975

o   Relates to the song of towers by Aaron Douglas

Term
[image]
Definition

Melvin Edwards, Afro-Phoenix, No. 1, 1963

-       Welded bolts, chains, scissors, knives, wires, and nails as metaphors to represent the horrors of slavery and racial violence in America

Term
[image]
Definition

T.C. Cannon, Collector #5, 1975

o   A way of inserting Indian art in art forms within a lineage of art forms

Term
[image]
Definition

Maya Lin, The Vietnam Veterans War Memorial, 1980-82

-       “Rubbings” to rub loved one’s names and have something to take home from the memorial

Term
[image]
Definition

Richard Serra, Tilted Arc, 1981

o   Is art only made for a section of the population?

Term
[image]
Definition

Julian Schnabel, VITA, 1984

-       “Too carefully hyped in terms of self-promotion”

Term
[image]
Definition

Jean-Michel Basquiat, Horn Players, 1983

-       Idea of branding oneself and the crown as a significant goal of his work à to be important

Term
[image]
Definition

Jeff Koons, St. John the Baptist, 1988

-       Made a limited addition set – increases the value

Term
[image]
Definition

Barbara Kruger, Untitled (Your Body is a Battleground), 1989

-       Often phrases use to accuse the viewers “you” and “we” calling the attention to the position of the viewer

Term
[image]
Definition

Cindy Sherman, Untitled, 211, (Historical Portraits) 1989

-       Nothing is more elevated than other, there are just as many representations of idealized beauty in art as in other media

Term
[image]
Definition

Carrie Mae Weems, Mirror Mirror, 1987-1988

o   Interested in interrogating racism in the media or that linger in office jokes

Term
[image]
Definition

Jenny Holzer, Truisms, 1982

-       Many are critical of society and consumerism à types of messages that stand against advertising in public space

Term
[image]
Definition

Krysztof Wodiczko, Projection, 1988

-       Unwanted by the institutions à the attack must be a surprise “when the architecture has its nightmares”

Term
[image]
Definition

Andres Serrano, Piss Christ, 1987

o   If a black person makes provocative images with racism is it racist?

Term

New Deal for the Arts (The Great Depression)

Definition

o   Large scale capitalism returned USA to levels of production, consumption, and employment   

Term

Social Realism

Definition

o   Depiction of poverty and despair

Term

Abstract Expressionism

Definition

o   Out of the 1950’s we see how American values become solidified

Term

Hans Namuth

Definition

-       Invited people to his studio à but would not do work while they were there “explosive personality”

Term

Colour Field Painting

Definition

-       Interpretation is up to the viewer  à you become one with the painting

[image]

Term

Lee Krasner

Definition

-       Moves between them, they are in conversation with one another, one did not take from another

Term
Neo-Dada
Definition

§  Inspired by Rauschenberg

Term

Allan Kaprow, 18 Happenings in Six Parts, 1959

Definition

-       Inspired Claes Oldenburg’s “The Store”

Term

Pop Art

Definition

-       British Independent Group: similar to pop art, but didn’t catch on because consumer culture was not at the same height as consumerism in USA

Term

Minimalism

Definition

-       Artist: Donald Judd, Large Stack, 1968

Term

Frank Stella

Definition

-       Putting emphasis on objects

Term

Michael Fried

Definition

-       Accused artists of embracing object hood of art à contrasts with the timeless abstract expressionism that exists in a separate world from the one we live in

Term

Sol LeWitt

Definition

o   Driven by a set of principles he’s interested in visualizing

Term

Photo Realism

Definition

-       Abstract quality up-close, only come in to focus when you step back

Term

Conceptual Art

Definition

o   Show included a photograph of a chair, a dictionary definition of a chair, and an actual chair

Term
Performance Art
Definition

-       Example: refer to Allan Kaprow’s Happenings from 1959

Term

Earth Works

Definition

o   Framing these spaces as “simple” or “timeless”

Term

Site Specific

Definition

Site Specific

-       Constantly changes with water levels, materials move over time as a result of the movement of the water

Term

Feminist Art

Definition

o   Example: Barbara Kruger’s Untitled (Your Body is a Battleground) from 1989, or Cindy Sherman’s film stills which she takes on various roles and examines links between female images and identity

Term

Judy Chicago 

Definition

(and Miriam Schapiro, in front of Womanhouse, 1971-72)

o   Over 400 individuals who donated time or materials to the work… why is only her name attached to it

Term

Black Art Movement

Definition

-       Other examples include David Hammons Injustice Case, Robert Colescott George Washington Carver Crossing the Delaware: Page from American History, Melvin Edwards Afro-Phoenix No.1…

Term

Culture Wars

Definition

§  She said she would not have won it if it was not a blind competition

Term

Neo-Expressionism

Definition

-       Eclectic and energetic

Term

Post-modernism

Definition

-       Modernism was about innovation… (post-modernism undermines this)

Term

Appropriation

Definition

-       Made a limited addition set – increases the value

Term

Activist Art

Definition

o   She rented the spectacular signboard in Times Square so her embodies messages and stark typefaces evoked the voice of authority and exposed absurdities/inconsistencies of language, media manipulation, and contemporary value systems

Term

Body Art

Definition

-       Photography and video played an important role in preserving the works for historical memory and documentation

Term

Funk Art

Definition

-       No concern for technique, no pretension, no care about durability, and little care about the final form

Term

Anti-Form

Definition

-       These materials break down and change states à dramatically altering what they look like over time, material that wasn’t meant to last

Term

Regionalism

Definition

-       Examples would be American Gothic by Grant Wood, and City Building by Thomas Hart Benton

Term

Dorothy Dunn

Definition

§  Rug has abstract designs à these later influenced Abstract Expressionist artists

Supporting users have an ad free experience!