Nuno Goncalves

"Saint Vincent with the Portuguese Royal Family"

oil on Panel

1465-67

Depicts Henry the Navigator, and puts the living and dead in the portrait. St.Vincent is a vision. After Counter Reformation heavy influence on these visions and religiousity.

Juan Bautista de Toledo

El Escorial Madrid

1563-84

Housed a shrine to grilled alive saint, crypt for Spanish Kings, monestary, library and school.

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El Greco

"Burial of Count Orgaz"

1586

'The Greek' trained as a Byzantine icon painter. Saint Augustine and Saint Steven were said to have lowered Orgaz into his grave. Use of color, Neo-platonism/separation of planes almost. El Greco did not like the Florentine painters, Rapheal and Leonardo. Thought more like Michelangelo. HIgly educated but liked Manerism more.

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El Greco

"View of Toledo"

1610

Influneced by "the Tempest." Uses the same technique for humans as he does for lanscapes

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Juan Sanchez Cotan

"Still Life"

1602

Gold has stoped coming into Spain, Dutch colonies have broken off. Golden age of Spainish Painting

Strange because objects are hung from a string. Tenebrism. Contrasted arc of Fruit and 'box' that frames the objects

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Jusepe de Ribera

"Martyrdom of Saint Bartholomew"

1634

Tenebrism, Muted Colors, spotlight effect, figures that are pushed into the front of the picture frame. Gives strong sense of horror. Extreme realism (Portraits of people with deformaties) Body tense, but eyes are focused on something we cannot see, face calm and a little agitated.

Ribera

"Martyrdom of Saint Philip"

1639

blue sky, calm face

Ribera

Martyrdom of Saint Bartholemew

1652

A little more horror in his face, Start to see more dynamic brush strokes as the artist ages

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Francisco de Zurbaran

Saint Serapion

1623

Member of an order to save Christains from Muslims. Saint Serapion agreed to die to save a group of Christains. Bright light spotlight. Only color is the insignia of his brotherhood. Painted piece of paper telling the title of the painting.

Frecisco de Zurbaran

"Saint Luke before Christ on the Cross"

1630-39

Saint Luke is the patron Saint of painting. In Spain and Portugal there is always one nail per foot in the crufixion.  

Francisco de Zurbaran

"Saint Francis in Meditation

1635-40

Painted as if it is a statue coming to life. Skull=death

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Diego Velasquez

"Water Carrier of Seville"

1619

Just a water carrier in the town of Seville. Early work, is already working in a semi tennebrism

Velazquez

"Triumph of Bacchus"

1628

Have Bacchus and rougher farm hands in completely different styles

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Velazquez

"The Surrender at Breda"

1634-35

Velazquez paints this after he moves to Madrid. Paints in Realism. Painted the battle only 9 years latter. No gracious surrender, no handing over of the keys, dutch take city back 2 years after painting. Lances are straight on the Spanish side but the dutch are disorganized. Horse is foresortened to show off, or to say that the general is a horse's ass

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Velazquez

 "Las Meninas"

1656

More of a maze work of brush strokes. Picture is a confusing puzzle as to who is painting the picture and who is the viewer, and what the picture is suppost to be anyway. Promenent part of iconography of Dwarfs, one is attending the princesss

Velazquez

Arachne

1657

Complex figure compostitions

Velaquez

"The Rokeby Venus"

1647-51

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Bartolome Esteban Murillo

"The Immaculate Conception"

1645-50

Church starts to set down guidelines for the immaculate conception. Murillo did tons of these paintings.

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West Facade

Santiago de Compostela

17-18th Century

Combination of spanish gothic and morrish style. Deorations come from the spanish /morrish style

Louis XIII

Cardinal Richelieu- Founds French academy to standardize the French language. really the pupet master for the french kings. Also founds French art academy

Athos Porthos Aramis-book takes place in his reign. Era seen as the rise of the French greatness.

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Hyacinthe Rigaud

"Louis XIV"

1701

Takes the idea of pagentry and incorporates it into everything. Have shadows not tennerism and lots of color

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Louis La Vau and Jules Hardouin Mansart

'Palais de Versailles"

Versailles, France

See mathematical, proportion and symetery as the artistic ideal

sudo-neoclasstical- constant cycle of classical, rejection, classical, rejection other and over again.

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Jules-Hardouin Mansart and Charles Le Brun

"Hall of Mirrors"

Versailles

1678

Mirrors are crazy expensive,

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Louis Le Vau and Andre Le Notre

Plan of the Palais

Versailles

1661-1785

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Francois Girardon

"Apollo Attended by the Nymphs of Thetis"

Versailles

1666-1675

Only meant to see this statue from one point of view.

Standardizing everything

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Georges de La Tour

"Mary Magdalen with the Smoking Flame" or "Penitent Magdalen"

1640

Tennebrist, contemplation of earthly mortality.

Rarity amoung French Art

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Antoine Le Nain

"The Village Piper"

1642

Influenced by Dutch painters

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Nicolas Poussin

"Landscape with St. John of Patmos"

1640

became the standard from which all French art is judged.

Neo-classicism, comentary of the great empires, ruins of Greece and Rome, definent foreground, middle ground and background. Very rational thinking and space. Reaction against baroque and manerism. Style called 'poetic' which back then had lots of rules

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Claude Lorrain

"Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba"

1648

Liked to paint landscapes and so to elevate his art, he puts so history into it

Lorrain

"View of the Campo Vassino

the old Roman forrum when it had almost been buried and used as a cow field

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Rococo

Jean-Antoine Watteau

"Pilgrimage to the Island of Cythera"

1717

Rococo- combination of Rochea or something meant to look natural but is artifical and Baroque which means misshapen pearl. So Fake and Misshapen, anything narcessistic that makes people happy. No substance to this painting.

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Watteau

"The Signoard of Gersaint"

1721

paints this to advertise other painting sales. 15 days latter it sells. Aristocratic people looking and buying art not commissioning it.

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Salon of 1787

Academy proceedure, send a painting to them and then a board will decide whether or not you are good enough to get in. Salon is the art show of the work done during the year. History painting at the top, Landscape painting next. Genre sceens or daily life next (All can have higher intellectual plains) Next portraits, and then still lifes.

"Charles X Distributing the 1824 Salon Awards"

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Francois Boucher

"Triumph of Venus"

1740

Frillous, courtly love which has nothing deeper to do with anything

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Jean-Honore Fragonard

"The Meeting"

1771-73

Rich kids having fun and being 'naughty'

a commission by the King's mistress

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Fragonard

"The Swing"

1766

Important because there is nothing deep about it. All skill is put to pleasure seeking

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Clodion

"The Invention of the Balloon"

1784

One of the Last Rococo artists. This was his submitted piece for the Academy

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Rosalba Carriera

Charles Sackville, 2nd Duke of Dorset

Pastel on paper

Female painter, and designer of lace patterns

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Canaletto

Santi Giovanni e Paolo and the Monument to Bartolommeo Colleoni

1735-38

a 'post card' of wealthy travellors

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Giovanni Battista Piranesi

The Lion Bas-Relief

etching and engraving

one of the collages of famous artifacts or buildings that are placed together in a fictional manner just to show the person's travels. Bragging thing, I've seen this and was able to study that kind of thing 

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Anton Raphael Mengus

Parnassus

Villa Albani, Rome

fresco

1761

Villa Albani became a stop on the great tour of roman art as Cardianal Albani was into collecting and selling art.

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Antonio Canova

Cupid and Psyche

marble

1787-93

Canova is the typical neo-classical sculptor

Cupid is the irrational love, and Psyche is the mind, moralistic value of which one is greater, the mind or the instinct

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Richard Boyle (Lord Burlington)

Chiswick House

west London 1724-29

Rich london lord and he designed his own house, enlightenment man was suppose to be able to do archetechural designs. He didn't build it, but did design it. Upper room is an octogon, marriage of perfect forms, temple enterance, square room and dome

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Henry Flircroft and Henry Hoare

The Park at Stourhead

Wiltshire

1743-65

As opposed to French gardens, the English garden is an aestically pleasing, assymetrical and just whatever placed in there

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Horace Walpole and others

Strawberry Hill

Twickenham

1749-76

English did not have a Neo-classical period, they have a neo gothic period because of the religious-politcal associations with Neo-classicalism. Borrowing from acient castles, serve no purpose anymore.

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Horace Walpole John Chute and Richard Beaty

Library

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Robert Adam

Anteroom, Syon House

Middlesex

1760-69

Placed the roman archtechture inside the house instead of outside. Like to do interior designs. Show wealth but being auster about it

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Josiah Wedgewood

Vase: Apotheosis of Homer

white jasper

1786

His friend Hamilton collected ancient Greek and Roman vases and Wedgewood recreates them. Uses white and blue instead of red and black

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William Hackwood for Josiah Wedgewood

"Am I not a Man and a Brother"

Jasper

1787

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William Hogarth

The Marriage Contract

1743-45

Part of a cycle, also has a cycle about the life of a prostitute, heavily satirical paintings and engravings

Hogarth

 Marriage a la Mode: Breakfast

1745

Hogarth

Hogarth

March to Finchley

1746

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Joshua Reynolds

Lady Sarah Bunbury Sacrificing to the Graces

1765

Lady Sarah Bunbury actualy declined a marrigae proposal to King George III, so she was to woman to see and envy

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Angelica Kauffmann

Cornelia Pointing to her Children as her Treasures

1785

Swiss painter, trained in Italy and a woman. Story of the good mother, children are the Graccus, who tried to take land from the wealthy and give to the poor. Both died for their attempt

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Abraham Darby III

Seven River Bridge

Coalbrookdale England 1779

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John Henri-Fuseli

The Nightmare

1781

Opposite of neo-classism, focused on the supernatural and the irrational

One of the copies of the painting was owned by Frued.

*essential information, ie the night mare, is in the background instead of the foreground. Nothing to do with religion, Rome or Greece. "Rite of Spring reactions'

Fuseli

Thor Battering the Midgard Serpent

1781

Rejection of Rome and Greek mythology, Norse gods instead. Not Neoclassic and criticized because he did not paint the feet or hands. Unique thing about the Norse gods is that they can die.

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William Blake

Elohim Creating Adam

color print, pen and watercolor

1795

Pained look on Adams face as he is becoming human, fall from grace from the beginning of creation

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Jacques-Germain Soufflot

"Pantheon (Church of Sainte-Genevieve) Paris

1755-92

Imitantion of the Ancients is the only way to be succesful in art in France.

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Jean-Simeon Chardin

The Governess

1739

Very small painting, moralistic. No real distinction in the background. Governess is brushing  the hat because it is time for the child to grow up and start his studies.

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Jean-Baptiste Greuze

The Drunken Cobbler

1780-85

trys to say that genre paintings can be used as history paintings, use conemporary figures

Small tragedies of everyday life can be just as tragic as a erson dieing or a city burning. The man drank his family's money away and his children are hungry

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Marie-Louise-Elizabeth Vigee-LaBrun

Marie Antoinette with her Children

1781

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Adelaide Labille-Guiard

Self-Portrait with Two Pupils

1785

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Jacques-Louis David

Oath of the Horatii

1784-85

THE painter in France for 20 years, survives the revolution, reign of terror and the start of Napoleon

Masculinity, Patriotism, Stoicism

David

Oath of the Tennis Courts

1791

Start of the French Revolution

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David

 Death of Marat

1793

Painting a history painting only weeks after the event happens. Painting based on Contingency-responding to recent events. Cannot exactly say that the painting is Neoclassical or Romantic

Jean Baptiste Lallemand

Taking of the Bastille

1789?

David

Rape of the Sabine Women

1799

President for 2 weeks until the Jacobites lose power and he is arrested twice, then alings himself with Napoleon

* Tragic female figure starting to come about, women is promminent

Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson

Portrait of Jean-Baptiste Belley

1797

Jean-Antoine Houdon

 George Washington

Virginia State Capital

1788-92

Neo-Classical, rougher, more naturalistic. Classical reference to Cincinatus

Thomas Jefferson

Virginia State Capital

Richmond 1785-1789

Neo-Classical is the national style of the US Government

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Thomas Jefferson

Montcello

1769-82

Two stories, however looks like one, French style, his garden is more of an English garden

Thomas Jefferson

Rotunda

University of Virginia

1822-1826

Gibert Stuart

George Washington

18th Century

John Singleton Copley

Samuel Adams

1770-72

Not painting figures as Romans, painting the as Americans

Copley

Paul Revere

1765-1770

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Copley

Watson and the Shark

1778

Moves to London because America is a little at war, He becomes a portrait and history painter. Historical event of Watson's life, Americas are vicious people (sharks) that dismember people (Losing a leg, dismembering an empire) watson is reaching to the rope held by a former slave instead of his friends' hands. (Jab at America's decision to keep slavery and have freedom

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Jacques-Louis David

Napoleon Crossing the Saint-Bernard

1800-01

Neo-classical in monumental figure, light colors but not exactly as the composition is unstable (horse rearing)

David

The Coronation of Napoleon and Josephine

1806-07

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Antoine-Jean Gros

Napoleon in the Plague House of Jaffa

1804

Di go to Jaffa but two months later , had everyone poisoned so they would not be a logistical burden and they would not be captured

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Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres

Large Odalisque

1814

Rapheal inspired but kinda manerist in unique body positioning

an odalisque is a harem slave. 

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Ingres

Portrait of Madame Desire Raoul Rochette

1830

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Theodore Gericault

Raft of the Meduda

1818-19

Painting against the aristocracy because of their incompetence

boat Medusa headed by an aristocratic captain and when the boat runs aground, he and his friends take the life boats and the other passengers had to build a raft out of the medusa's timbers. 150 passengers, 15 survived two weeks

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Gericault

Pity the Sorrows of a Poor Old Man

litograph

1821

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Eugene Delacroix

Scenes from the Massacre at Chinos

1822-24

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Eugene Delacroix

Liberty Leading the People: July28, 1830

1830

The real with the allegorical, not neoclassical nor romantic

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Francois Rude

Departure of the Volunteers of 1792

(The Mareillaise)

1833-36

Limestone, sculpture is still classical. Flat composition, all figures, all heoric, all headed out to do their volunteering.

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Edmoni Lewis

Forever Free

1867

celebrates the emancipation Proclamation. She was the child of a chipawa mother and an african father. Imperial iconography of putting foot on conquorered

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Francisco Goya

The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters

From Los Caprichos

1799

Spanish King brings back the inquisition and they are haulting the French ideas

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Goya

Family of Charles IV

1800

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Goya

Third of May, 1808

1814-15