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| Compressed volcanic ash that was used first by Etruscans. When fresh, easy to cut and carve into, and it would harden into the form it was carved into and be solid and unbreakable. |
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| The heart and center of any Roman town/city. Always contained temples, political centers/open spaces to discuss, and commercial spaces |
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| Literally means "two theatres". Put together into a circle form. Example is the Colosseum. |
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| Hyper-Realism. Particularly used by Romans in the Republic Period. Shows real features and does not glamorize, as scars and wrinkles were seen as honorable. |
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| The area in the domus (Roman house) where the private rooms would be surrounded by open-air space and the impluviem (pool type thing) |
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| A single-family dwelling for those well off Romans. All attached like townhouses of today but exquisite. Had holes in the ceiling for ventilation since no windows could be built as the house is against another. |
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| Literally "Bridge of Gard (River)". Showcases Roman practicality by their three arch system of a bridge (bottom), pedestrian bridge (middle) , and aqueduct system (top). |
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| Invented by Romans and still seen in cultures today. A single arch with no other purpose than for commemorative of war victories or soldiers. |
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| Two extended arches crossed in the middle at a 90 degree angle. |
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| Wrote the 10 great books on architecture which are the earliest written records detailing architecture we have. We only know what Etruscan temples look like thanks to him through his descriptions. |
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| Very large rectangular and long public meeting building that served multiple purposes. Eventually used as the first Christian churches |
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| Where deceased bodies Etruscan would be placed. Kind of like the Egyptian coffins. Most often made out of terracotta. The one we looked at depicted a reclining couple drinking and eating together. They are animated in their depiction, a sharp distinction from the stiff Egyptians. |
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| Made of tufa with loculi in the walls where the deceased would lie. Decorated like a house sort of. With one column for man (with masculine decorations) and one for woman (with feminine decoration). Most elaborately decorated Cerveteri tumuli. |
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| Created in the classical era of Etruscan art. Made out of bronze. Depicts the she-wolf that raised the two abandoned babies in the story of how Rome was founded. She is shown as alert (hair standing up, staring, growling) and feeding her babies. We assume we are the invisible complement. |
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| Sarcophagus with Reclining Couple |
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| In what period was the Sarcophagus with Reclining couple created? |
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| In what period was the Tomb of Reliefs created? |
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| In what period was the Capitoline Wolf created? |
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| In what period was the Colosseum created? |
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| In what period was the Second Style "cityscape" wall painting from Villa of Publius Fannius created? |
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| In what period was the Ara Pacis Augustae created? |
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| In that period was the Pantheon created? |
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| In what period was the Equestrian Portrait of Marcus Aurelius created? |
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| Second Style "cityscape" wall painting from Villa of Publius Fannius |
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| Equestrian Portrait of Marcus Aurelius |
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| In what sub-period (culture) was the Colosseum created? |
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| Early Empire (Imperial Period) |
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| In what sub-period (culture) was the Second Style "cityscape" wall painting from Villa of Publis Fannius created? |
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| In what sub-period (culture) was the Ara Pacis Augustae created? |
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| Early Empire (Imperial Period) |
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| In what sub-period (culture) was the Pantheon created? |
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| High Empire (Imperial Period) |
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| In what sub-period (culture) was the Equestrian Portrait of Marcus Aurelius created? |
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| High Empire (Imperial Period) |
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| What was the Colosseum created out of? |
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| Their early version of concrete |
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| What was purpose of creating the Colosseum? |
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| Political, give back to the people so they could get their anger towards the ruler out through watching violence and enjoying themselves. |
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| What influences do we see on the Colosseum? |
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| What was the Ara Pacis Augustae created for? |
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| To celebrate the fact that Caesar August brought peace back to Rome, completely propagandist |
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| What was the design of the Ara Pacis Augustae? |
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| Box shaped with steps leading to an altar inside. Top of long sides had procession scenes. Back and front have famous Roman scenes. Heavy propagandic themery and a reoccurrence of pomegranates (reproduction), grapes (wine - proof gods love us), and wheat (bread- staple of life) |
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| What was the Pantheon created for? |
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| Religious purposes dedicated to the sky gods. |
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| What was the technique on constructing the Pantheon? |
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| Concrete poured in sections getting lighter as it goes up the circular dome. No interior support like columns, made the top lighter and left the oculus (opening at the top) for functional purposes (no load at weakest point) and religious purposes (to worship sky gods) |
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| What's the function/purpose of the Equestrian Portrait of Marcus Aurelius? |
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| Subtle Propaganda. Showcases him as a kind ruler capable of ruling easily with loose reigns because the people of Rome trust him. |
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| What is the Equestrian Portrait of Marcus Aurelius made of? |
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| Why is the Equestrian Portrait of Marcus Aurelius the only equestrian portrait from Ancient Rome still standing? |
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| Did not get destroyed with the rise of Christianity like all others did because they did not interpret it as Marcus Aurelius. |
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| Underground multi-mile long tunnels for burial places. Had loculi in the common walls to bury deceased bodies of not so much wealth. Those that did have wealth could purchase their own room for the family in the catacombs (cubiculum). First symbols of Christianity seen in these Catacombs. |
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| Rooms within the catacombs with multiple families of wealth to be buried in. |
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| Taking a story from the Old Testament & using it as a reference to something in the New Testament. |
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| Figures depicted in the common gesture of worshipping the divine. Not exclusively Christian. |
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| Good Shepherd Ceiling Painting |
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| Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus |
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| In what period was the Good Shepherd Ceiling Painting created? |
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Definition
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| In what period was the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus created? |
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Definition
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| In what sub-period (culture) was the Good Shepherd Ceiling Painting created? |
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Definition
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| In what sub-period (culture) was the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus created? |
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Definition
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| Where was the Good Shepherd Ceiling Painting painted? |
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| A cubiculum in the Catacomb of Saints Peter & Marcellinus |
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| What story does the Good Shepherd Ceiling Painting depict? |
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Definition
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| What is Jesus depicted as in the Good Shepherd Ceiling Painting? |
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| A Shepherd ("The Good Shepherd") |
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Term
| What was the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus made of? |
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Definition
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| What is depicted in the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus? |
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| Multiple scenes within the Christian belief and history. |
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| The individual stones or glass (pieces) that go into the making of a mosaic |
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| A semi-dome built into the wall and ceiling typically above the altar in an early Christian/Byzantium church. |
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| The main body of the church |
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| A horizontal section of a vertical building that intersects the building at a 90 degree angle and makes the shape of a cross. |
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| Triangular segments of a dome that taper off towards the bottom in a means of constructing a dome over a rectangular room. |
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| A monogram or set of letters that symbolize Jesus Christ |
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| Interior of Saint Apollinare Nuovo |
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| Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes Mosaic |
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| Christ as the Good Shepherd mosaic from Galla Placida |
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| Where was the Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes Mosaic located? |
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Definition
| Saint Apollinare Nuovo basilica |
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Term
| What is the Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes mosaic made of? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what period was the Saint Apollinare Nuovo created? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what period was the Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes mosaic created? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what period was the Christ as Good Shepherd mosaic from Galla Placida created? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what sub-period (culture) was the Saint Apollinare Nuovo created? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what sub-period (culture) was the Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes mosaic created? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what sub-period (culture) was the Christ as Good Shepherd mosaic from Galla Placida created? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the Christ as Good Shepherd mosaic from Galla Placida made of? |
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| Justinian and Theodora mosaics from San Vitale |
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Definition
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| What period is the Hagia Sophia from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What period is the Justinian and Theodora mosaics from San Vitale from? |
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Definition
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| What period is the Christ as Pantokrator from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What sub-period (culture) is the Hagia Sophia from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What sub-period (culture) is the Justinian and Theodora mosaics from San Vitale from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What sub-period (culture) is the Christ as Pantokrator from? |
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Definition
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| Which emperor commissioned the Hagia Sophia |
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