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In art, a ________ is usually defined as a moving dot and is both the simplest and most complex of the visual elements. |
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| Light against dark or dark against light create visual differences in ___________. |
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| From the Italian for “light-dark,” what term is sometimes used in place of the word modeling? |
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| A triangular glass solid that breaks down sunlight or white light into different colors is called a ___________. |
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| The colors opposite each other on the color wheel are ____________. |
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| Actual texture is primarily experienced through the sense of ___________. |
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| In art, __________ refers to the distribution of the actual or apparent weight of the compositional elements. |
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| The classical Greek sculptor Polykleitos was the first known artist to apply the principle of __________ in order to achieve overall naturalistic balance in the human body’s stance. |
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| __________ refers to a distinctive handling of elements and media associated with the work of an individual artist, a school or movement, or a specific culture or period. |
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| __________ refers to the portrayal of people and things as they actually are, with no idealization or distortion. |
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| __________ is the study of the themes and symbols in the visual arts: the figures and images that lend works their underlying meanings. |
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| __________ is both a very realistic portrait of rural life in America and an icon of American art due to its many commercial reproductions on cereal boxes, greeting cards, posters, and the like. |
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| Grant Wood's American Gothic |
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| Broadly defined, __________ is the art of running an implement that leaves a mark over a surface. |
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| Michelangelo’s Studies for the Libyan Sybil is a good example of a drawing that was meant to be used __________. |
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| as a preparatory study for another project |
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| In its original meaning, a __________ was a full-scale preliminary drawing executed on paper for projects such as frescoes, stained glass, oil paintings, or tapestries. |
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| A form of charcoal was used by our primitive ancestors to create images on __________. |
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| The unforgiving medium of __________ was widely used for drawing from the late Middle Ages to the early 1500s, when it was largely replaced by the lead pencil. |
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| Fifteenth-century artist Gentile da Fabriano applied thinly hammered sheets of gold to his Adoration of the Magi tempera panel using a technique known as __________. |
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| In both tempera and oil painting, the surface of the wood or canvas is covered with a ground of powdered chalk or plaster and animal glue known as __________. |
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| The fluidity and portability of watercolor has often lent itself to__________. |
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| rapid sketches and preparatory studies |
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| Intaglio prints are made from __________ into which lines have been incised. |
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| Lithography, invented in the beginning of the 19th century by a German playwright, is a planographic, or __________, printing process in which a __________ is used. |
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| The word photography is derived from Greek roots that mean __________. |
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| By the 1850s, photographic portrait studios became quite popular and began to serve the needs of __________. |
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| Which of the following is not an additive sculptural process? |
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| Made from the seat and handlebars of an old bicycle, __________ is probably the best known assemblage of all time. |
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| According to Marcel Duchamp, the function of a readymade was to __________. |
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| prompt the viewer to think and think again |
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| The prehistoric Stonehenge is one of the earliest examples of __________ construction, in which two stones were set vertically and a third stone laid across them, creating an opening beneath. |
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| Originally a derisive term, __________ uses mass produced, light, easily handled cuts of wood and metal nails for the assembly of millions of homes and small buildings on site. |
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| The 17,000 almost identical small homes built in post–World War II Levittown, New York, are a reflection of the __________. |
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| need for mass suburban housing for growing metropolitan areas |
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| The Incan fortress of Machu Picchu is considered to be __________ construction, as it was built without any mortar. |
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| Which of the following types of ceramics is fired at the lowest temperature? |
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| Glass that has been spun into fine filaments and is used for insulation is known as __________. |
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| The __________ developed the process of glass blowing and thus made __________ commonplace. |
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| The __________ process utilizes a series of dye baths and wax applications to create a design on fabric. |
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| No smoking signage is an excellent example of a clear, utilitarian form of typography known as a __________. |
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| One of the earliest and most famous “fertility” figurines from the Paleolithic period is the __________. |
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| Much of ancient Egypt’s art and many of its monuments were, in one way or another, linked to __________. |
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| death or the worship of the dead |
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| In New Kingdom Egypt, Amenhotep IV started a revolution in both religion and the arts when he changed his name to Akhenaton to honor the sun god and became a __________. The period of his reign is known as the __________. |
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| monotheist; Amarna period |
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| The ancient Greeks considered themselves to be the center of the universe or “the measure of all things,” a concept known as __________. |
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| The circles, squares, patterning, and rigid wedge-shaped torsos depicted on the Dipylon Vase indicate that it is a fine example of the __________ period of Greek art. |
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| The Pantheon’s dome is __________ to lessen the weight of it both physically and visually. |
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| Although much Roman art is stylistically derived from Greece, portrait sculptures like Head of a Roman are notable for their incredible __________, made possible by __________. |
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| Perhaps the most famous surviving tapestry is the 230-foot long Romanesque period Bayeux Tapestry, which describes __________ in a continuous narrative. |
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| the invasion of England by William the Conqueror |
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| Unlike Romanesque sculpture, Gothic sculptural figures __________. |
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| are found all over the church exterior |
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| The word __________ is derived from the French and means rebirth. |
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| Considered a true Renaissance man, __________ excelled in engineering, the natural sciences, anatomy, music, and technological prototypes, not to mention creating some of the world’s best loved paintings. |
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| When Michelangelo was only 27, he carved the 13½-foot statue of David from __________. |
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| a single piece of almost unworkable marble |
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| Gustave Courbet’s manifesto reads “To record the manners, ideas, and aspects of the age as I myself saw them – to be a man as well as a painter – in short to create a living art – that is my aim.” Courbet is considered the father of __________. |
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| Francisco Goya, who was neither Neoclassicist nor Romantic, is best known for his __________, one of the most famous of which is The Third of May, 1808. |
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| graphic representation of man’s inhumanity to man |
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| The dissolution of surfaces and study of local color was central to __________ art, which is dramatically evident in a series of canvases depicting __________ from a variety of angles, during different times of day and seasons. |
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| Claude Monet’s; Rouen Cathedral |
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| The Post-Impressionist Georges Seurat’s painting technique is known as __________, which is a meticulous application of pigment that he derived from the study of __________. |
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| Pointillism; color theories |
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| In his __________, Vincent van Gogh’s vibrant colors, characteristic long, thin strokes and feverish application of paint creates an emotionalism that turns a sleepy town into a cosmic display. |
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| Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec’s deformity led to an alienation from his family so he instead found a home in __________, as depicted in At the Moulin Rouge. |
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| the cabarets, cafes, and bordellos of Paris |
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| Auguste Rodin’s The Burghers of Calais is considered a groundbreaking Impressionist sculpture because of its __________. |
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| intense realism and highly textured surfaces that capture the play of light |
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| Wassily Kandinsky, a major proponent of __________, is recognized as the first painter of __________. |
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| Der Blaue Reiter; pure abstraction |
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| __________ shut down the Bauhaus in 1933, forcing many of its faculty, including Walter Gropius and Mies van der Rohe, to flee to the United States. |
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| For his Twittering Machine, Paul Klee was influenced in part by __________. |
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| ethnographic and children's art |
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| Surrealism began as a literary movement after World War I, and the group based their writings on the nonrational using a technique known as __________ writing. |
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| Along with their interest in psychoanalysis, the Surrealists also incorporated some of the attitudes and techniques of the __________ movements. |
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