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Art Appreciation
a world of art
41
Art History
Undergraduate 3
06/05/2012

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Term
When did photography begin?
Definition
In 1836 with still images
Term
Photographs of a horse trotting were published by who and when?
Definition
Eadweard Muybridge in La Nature in 1878.
Term
Thomas Edison and W.K. Laurie Dickson invented?
Definition
the Kinetoscope between 1888 and 1892
Term
The Kinetoscope was
Definition
The first continuous film motion-picture viewing machine
Term
George Eastman
Definition
introduced the celluloid film that came on a roll, produced expressly for his new camera, the Kodak
Term
Kinetoscope
Definition
invented between Thomas Edison and W.K. Laurie Dickson
only viewable through a peephole, one person at a time
Term
First projected motion picture
Definition
-was available to a large audience
-debut on dec 28, 1895
-in Paris
-August and Louis Lumiere showed 10 films
-projected by their Cinematographe
-lasted 20 minutes
-Most popular of their early films was Waterer and Watered
-boy steps on a gardeners hose
Term
Film Waterer and Watered
Definition
-Created by August and Louis Lumiere
-produced by Cinematography
-boy steps on a gardener's hose, stopping the flow of water
-audiences howled with delight
Term
Photography is like a ________
Definition
collage
Term
Walker Evans's photograph
Definition
-Roadside Store between Tuscaloosa and Greensboro, Alabama 1936
-is an example of a instant collage
-mission was to capture every aspect of American visual reality
-photographic equivalent to the Sears, Roebuck catalog of the day
Term
Camera is Latin word for______
Definition
room
Term
camera obscura
Definition
-a darkened room
-routinely used by artist to copy nature accurately
Term
cons of working with camera obscura
Definition
-tedious
-could not preserve the captured image
Term
William Henry Fox Talbot
Definition
-from England
-created the fix for camera obscura
with Photogenic drawing
Term
daguerreotype
Definition
-process which yielded a positive image on a polished metal plate
-named after one of its two inventors, Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre( Joseph Nicephore Niepce had died in 1833 leaving Daguerre to perfect the process and garner the rewards)
-Public reaction was wildly enthusiastic, andd the French and English press faithfully reported every development in the greates detail
Term
As early as 1841, a daguerreotype portrait could be had in ______ for 15 francs.
Definition
Paris
Term
Richard Beard opened the first_______portrait studio
Definition
British
Term
Early photography facts
Definition
-in 1849, 100,000 daguerreotype portraits were sold in Paris
-slowed interest in painted portraits
-democratized the genre, making portraits available to wealthy, middle class and working class
Term
Cons of daguerreotype
Definition
-required considerable time to prepare, expose and develop the plate.
-exposure took so long, certain things
would not show up in image
-could not be reproduced
Term
Using paper instead of a _______ ________Fox Talbot's photogenic process made multiple prints a possibility.
Definition
metal plate
Term
This _________process is the basis of modern photography.
Definition
Calotype
Term
In 1843, Talbot made a picture, which he called_____ ______ ______, that convinced him that the calotype could not only document the world, but also be a work of art
Definition
The Open Door
Term
When he published The Open Door photo in his book________, it was the first book of photgraphs ever produced
Definition
The Pencil of Nature
Term
Wet-plate collodion
Definition
-a photographic process
-the plate had to be prepared, exposed, and developed all within 15 minutes and while still wet
-using this process, Margaret Cameron photographed everyone she knew, among them the greatest men of British art, lit and science. she would often blur features slightly
Term
What early wars were documented by photography?
Definition
Crimean War 1854 to 56
American Civil War in 1861
Term
aperture
Definition
the size of the opening of the camera lens
Term
dodging and burning
Definition
dodging- decreases the exposure of selected area of the print that the photographer wishes to be lighter
burning- increases the exposure to areas of the print that should be darker
Term
color photography facts
Definition
-until the late 1960s was largely ignored by fine art photographers
-associated it with advertising
-could only be processed in commercial labs and the images tended to discolor rapidly
-1970 Kodak introduced new color technologies that allowed for far greater fidelity, control, luminosity and durability.
Term
Editing
Definition
is the process of arranging the sequences of a film after it has been shot in its entirety
Term
D.W. Griffith
Definition
the first great master of editing
-The Birth of a Nation, essentially invented the standard vocabulary of filmmaking
-created a visual variety in the film by alternating between shots.
Term
full shot
Definition
shows the actor from head to toe
Term
medium shot
Definition
shows actor from the waist up
Term
close-up shot
Definition
shows actors head and shoulders
Term
extreme close up shot
Definition
shows an actors portion of the face
Term
long shot
Definition
a shot that takes in a wide expanse and many characters at once
Term
iris shot
Definition
the frame slowly opens in a widening circle as a scene begins or slowly blacks out in a shrinking circle to end a scene
Term
Related to the long shot is the pan shot
Definition
a panoramic vista in which the camera moves across the scene from one side to the other
Term
Traveling shot
Definition
in which the camera moves back to front or front to back
Term
the flashback
Definition
the editor cuts to narrative episodes that are supposed to have taken place before the start of the film
-used now as a standard
original idea when Griffith first used it
Term
Cross-cutting
Definition
an editing technique meant to create high drama
editor moves back and forth between two separate events in ever-shorter sequences, the rhythm of shots eventually becoming furiously paced
Term
montage
Definition
the sequencing of widely disparate images to create a fast-paced, multifaceted image
-created by Eisenstein in Odessa Steps Sequence, 1925 film Battleship Potemkin
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