Woman of Willendorf

Paleolithic Period

Emphasis on hips/breasts (fertility and birth)
Religious? The Great Mother Goddess?

Wall Painting of Animals from the Chauvet Cave

Paleolithic Period

Simplified and abstract animals

Naturalism

Charcoal and earthen pigments

Ziggurat of Ur-Nammu

Mesopotamia

Temple to the gods

Head of an Akkadian Ruler

Mesopotamia

Calm and confidant ruler
Monarch

The Great Pyramids

Giza, Egypt

Egyptian

Burial vaults for pharohs (god-kings)

Wall Painting from the Tomb of Nebamun

Egyptian

Hierarchical scale
Detail

Flat perspective

Polykleitos

Greek

Hellenistic period

Contrapposto

Roman copy

Kouros

Greek

Late Cretan period

Egyptian influence

Parthenon

by Ictinus and Callicrates

Greek

Temple to Athena

Post and beam

Doric

Architectural Order: Doric

Greek

Geometric

Simple

Architectural Order: Ionic

Greek

Rounded

Architectural Order: Corinthian

Greek

Flowery

Organic

Head of an Old Man

Roman

Portraiture

Not ideal

To remember the dead

Pantheon

Roman

Temple to the gods
Revolutionary architecture

Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius

Roman

Political propaganda
Iconography (horse = power; pointing = to the horizon/future; beard = wisdom)

Christ Teaching His Disciples

Early Christian

Hierarchical scale
Jesus as centered figure

Located in a catacomb

Head of Constantine

Early Christian/Roman

Large eyes

Spirituality

Detail at San Vitale, Empress Theodora

Byzantine

Big eyes
Halo

Political propaganda: Godly empress

Byzantine School
Madonna and Child on a Curved Throne

Byzantine

Implied circles

Golden background: Universal space/divine light

Anatomy under garments

Christ as Pantocrator

Byzantine

Hierarchical scale

Pantocrator = ruler of the universe

Rounded arch = universe

Notre Dame de Chartres

Gothic

France

Stained glass windows

Flying buttresses

Pointed arches

The Lamentation
by Giotto

Early Renaissance

Expressions
Novel image

Merode Altarpiece (open)
by Robert Campin

Renaissance in Flanders/Northern Europe

Detail

Commissioners house = setting

Gabriel telling Mary she is pregnant with Jesus

The Arnolfini Wedding

by Jan Van Eyck

Renaissance in Flanders/Northern Europe

Iconography

Private art

Detail

David
by Donatello

Renaissance

Contrapposto

First freestanding sculpture depicting a male nude since antiquity
Feminine figure

Birth of Venus
by Botticelli

Renaissance

First female nude in painting since antiquity

Private commission
Pagan gods

Mona Lisa

by Leonardo da Vinci

High renaissance

Most reproduced painting of all time

Sfumato

Madonna in the Meadow
by Raphael

High renaissance

Color
Balance

David
by Michelangelo

High renaissance

Symbol of Florence
Before the battle

Ideal body

The French Ambassadors
by Hans Holbein the younger

Late renaissance

Materialism
Anamorphism: Distorted skull (Skull = inevitable death)

Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time
by Bronzino

Mannerist

Exagerration

Perfection and ideal

Pleasure and folly

Conversion of Saint Paul
by Caravaggio

Baroque

Tenebrism: Extreme chiaroscuro

Dramatic

David

by Gianlorenzo Bernini

Baroque

Movement

Dramatic

Not intellectual or feminine

Allegory of Law and Grace
by Lucas Cranach the elder

Baroque

Left = Catholic
Right = Protestant

The Indifferent

by Antoine Watteau

Rococo

Nature

Painting of everyday life

Fete-Galantes

Breakfast scene from Marriage a la Mode

by W. Hogarth

Rococo

Satire of the 18th century lifestyle

Moral and marital inconsistency

The Swing

by Jean-Honore Fragonard

Rococo

Joys of life, silly

Nature

Pastels

The Breakfast

by Francois Boucher

Rococo

Family scene

Interest of the West in the East

A Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery
J. W. Derby

The Enlightenment

Main subject = machine

Model for a solar system

The Oath of the Horatti

by Jacques-Louis David

Neoclassicism

Historical figures used to teach a moral lesson

Patriotism > Family