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| The diamond shaped mark used in arabic calipgraphy-- size varies with thickness of writing utensil/style. Used as a measurement for lettering proportion. |
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| an separated throne room found in some mosques for viewing of the caliph. There is some display of politics melding with religion and the irony of idolatry. |
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| 6th century (pre muhammad) and spread of islam , "time of ignorance" |
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| nomadic desert people, arabic literature of the late 6th century sung of them, not deeply religous. Categorized by their choice of livestock (camel, goat or cattle) |
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| "complete surrender to divine will" |
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| Judaism, Christianity and Islam are all abrahamic religions. Sharing belief in importance of prophet Abraham. |
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Holy text, made of surahs (chapters) which are direct prophecies from God revealed to the prophet Muhammad. The word of God.
note; The Torah and the Bible are "true" yet "flawed" |
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| The Four Righteous Caliphs |
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| The first four to succeed the prophet Muhammad. They knew him personally in his lifetime. Ali was last/4-- decision of who to succeed Ali created Sunni and Shia division. |
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| Group who chose blood relative of Ali to succeed. |
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| Those who didnt demand blood relation to Ali to be a caliph. They go on to form first Islamic caliphate-- The Umayyads |
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| Shahada, Salat, Zakat, Saum and Hajj |
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| Daily prayer (to Mecca used to be to Jerusalem) |
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