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Art 11 Midterm
Stone ages-Aegean Art
161
Art History
Undergraduate 3
09/23/2012

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
[image]
Definition

Human with Feline Head

Paleolithic

Germany

30,000-10,000 B.C.E

Composite creature

Term
[image]
Definition

Venus of Willendorf

Paleolithic

Austria

30,000-10,000 BCE

Represents spirit of women and fertility

In the round sculpture

Term
[image]
Definition

Venus of Laussel

Paleolithic

France

30,000-10,000 BCE

Relief sculpture

Fertility image

Term
[image]
Definition

Hall of Bulls

Lascaux caves, France

paleolithic

30,000-10,000

 

Term
Altamira
Definition

Caves in Altamira, Spain

Discovered by Sanz de Sautuola

Paleolithic

30,000-10,000 BCE

Bison are all in profile views all seperate images

Term
Lascaux
Definition

Caves in Lascaux, France

hall of bulls

Paleolithic

30,000-10,000 BCE

Colored silhouettes

painted with twisted perspective/ composite view

Term
Pech-Merle
Definition

Cave Paintings

Pech,Merle france

Paleolithic

30,000-10,000 BCE

Spotted horses and negative hand imprints

negative and postive space paintings

Murals

Term
Convex
Definition
curved like the exterior of a circle, pushing out
Term
Concave
Definition
Curving inward, interior of a circle
Term
Contour drawing
Definition
Outline
Term
Silhouette
Definition
The dark shape, positve space filled in dark
Term
In the Round
Definition
free standing sculpture
Term
relief
Definition
figures projecting from a background of which they are part, sculpture
Term
Composite view
Definition
A convention of representation in shich part of a figure is shown in profile and another part of the smae figure is shown frontally
Term
Composite creature
Definition

Combining multiple creatures

Ex. Human with feline head

Term
[image]
Definition

Stone Tower

Neolithic Near East

Architecture

Jericho

8,000-3000 BCE

Marks begining of monumental architecture

Term
[image]
Definition

Landscape with Volcano

Painting

Catal Hoyuk

Turkey

Neolithic Neat East

8,000-3,000 BCE

First known landscape with no humans or animals

Term
Paleolithic Period
Definition

30,000-10,000 BCE

The "old" stone age when humankind produced the first sculptures and paintings

 

 

Term
Neolithic Near east
Definition

New stone age in the Near east

8,000-3,000 BCE

Term
Neolithic Europe
Definition

New stone age in Europe

4,000-1,500 BCE

Term
Jericho
Definition
Settlement in the ancient near east, had a constant water supply, mud-brick houses with roofs on stone foundations, monumental archetucture and defensive structures for security
Term
Catal Hoyuk
Definition
Turkey, Ancient Near east, site of Neolithic culture, wealthy, one of the first experiments of urban living, first eviendence of landscape art.
Term
[image]
Definition

Stonehenge

Architecture

Neolithic Europe

England

4,000-1,500 BCE

Megalithic monument

Term
Megalith
Definition
A large stone that forms a prehistoric monument
Term
Dolmen
Definition

A Neolithic stone formation, consitisng of horizontal stones supported by several vertical stones

EX: Stonehenge is composed of domen

Term
Menhir
Definition
A tall upright stone
Term
henge(Cromlech)
Definition

A circle of standing stones

Ex: Stonehenge

Term
Corbel
Definition
A projection jutting out of a wall to support the structure above it
Term
Post and Lintel
Definition
A structure composed of verticle beams supporting horizontle ones
Term
Sumerian Period
Definition

3,500-2,350 BCE

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Votive figures

Sculptures

Sumerian art

3,500-2,350 BCE

Statuettes of two worshipers

Iraq

Term
[image]
Definition

Standard of Ur

Sculpture

Sumerian Period

3,500-2,350 BCE

War and Peace sides, three registers used to tell a single narrative reading from left to right bottom to top.

Term
[image]
Definition

Bull's Head Lyre

Sculpture

Sumerian Period

3,500-2,350 BCE

Made of lapis lazuli and gold leaf over wood,

4 inlaid panels with composite creatures with a heraldic scene

Term
Ziggurat
Definition
Mesopotamian archetecture a monumental platform for a temple
Term
Registers
Definition
One of a series of superimposed bands or friezes in a pictorial narrative,
Term
narrartive
Definition
tells a story
Term
Heraldic scene
Definition
A composition that is symetrical on either side of a central figure
Term
lapis lazuli
Definition
a bright blue semi precious stone
Term
Hieratic Scale
Definition
Representing the size of things according to their importance
Term
Cylinder Seal
Definition
A cylindrical piece of stone decorated with an incised design, so that the raised pattern is left when rolled over soft clay
Term
Cuneiform
Definition
Wedge shaped, a system of writting in Mesopotamia
Term
Fertile crescent
Definition
A crescent shaped area of fetile land in the Middle east sourounded by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
Term
Tigris
Definition
The Northern river in Mesopotamia near the fertile crest
Term

Euphrates

 

Definition
The southern river in Mesopotamia surrounding the southern valley of the fertile crest
Term
Akkadian Period
Definition

2,350-2,150 BCE

Third dynasty of UR

Ruled by Akkad

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Stele of Naram-Sin

Relief

Akkadian Period

2,350-2,150

Victory stele to commemorate Naram-Sin's conquest

Term
Sargon
Definition
Ancient Akkadian ruler, known as Sargon the great, lead the conquest over teh Sumerains.
Term
Universal Ruler
Definition
Naram-Sin, the grandson of Sargon, first to unify Mesopotamia, ruled during the height of Akkadia
Term
Bronze
Definition
a hard brittle metal composed of copper and tin
Term
Monarchy
Definition
A form of government with a monarch as its head, king or queen as leader
Term
Stele
Definition
A carved stone slab used to mark graves of to commemorate historical events
Term
Neo-sumerian Period
Definition

2,150-2000 BCE

New sumerian

Ruled by the kings of Ur after the downfall of the Akkadian

Term
[image]
Definition

Ziggurat of Ur

Archetecture

Neo-Sumerian

2,150-2,000 BCE

Iraq

built during the 3rd dynasty of Ur

A monumental base for a temple

Term
[image]
Definition

Statue of Gudea

Sculpture

Neo-Sumerian

2,150-2,000 BCE

Gudea of Lagash, made of diorite

Term
3rd Dynasty of Ur
Definition
Neo-Sumerian state ruled by the Kings of Ur after the Gutians brought down the Akkadian power and where driven out themselves
Term
Gudea
Definition
The Ensi of Lagash, ruler of the Neo-Sumerian, with dozens of statues and portraites, one holding a temple plan made form diorite an almost indestructabl, heavy stone
Term
Diorite
Definition
A strong dark grey rock
Term

Babylonian Period

 

Definition

1,800-1,600 BCE

The Second Mellenium of Mesopotamia with several independent city-states existing side by side

Term
[image]
Definition

Stele of Hammurabi

Sculpture

Babylonian Period

1800-1600 BCE

Records of hammurabi's law code

Term
[image]
Definition

Lion Gate

Architecture

Hittite Period

Turkey

1600-1200 BCE

carved from massive stones on the sides of the entrance to the city

Term
Hammurabi
Definition
King of Babylon, who reestablished a centralized govenrmernt in south Mesopotamia, created law codes for Babylon
Term
code of law
Definition
Created by hammurabi and set in stone as a code of laws for Babylon to follow. First sign of written law
Term
Hittite Period
Definition
1600-1200 BCE
Term
Elamite Period
Definition

4000-600BCE

Elam reached its height of political power, plundered sourounding city states like Babylon

Term
Susa
Definition
The city center of Elam, where the statue of Queen Napir-Asu was found cast in solid bronze core with a hollow cast copper shell
Term
[image]
Definition

Statue of Queen Napir-Asu

Sculpture

Iran

Elamite Period

4000-600 BCE

Term
[image]
Definition

Lamassu

Sculpture

Iraq

Assyrian Period

1200-600 BCE

Winged, human headed bull

High relief, composite creature, partyl in the round releif, combination of frontal and side views to give a complete view of the Lamassu from all angles of the relief

Term
[image]
Definition

King Hunting the Lions (Ashurbanipal)

Relief

Iraq

Assyrian Period

1200-600BCE

Palace relief

Term
[image]
Definition

Ishtar Gate

Archetecture

Iraq

Neo-Babylonian Period

600-540 BCE

Glazed brick, with relief of animals arcuated openings, colors of reds blues and browns

Term
[image]
Definition

Persepolis

Archetecture

Iraq

Persian Period

600-330BCE

Persian Royal buildings, citadel of Persia on a high plateau

Term
Assyrain Period
Definition

1200-600 BCE

name form Assur, a city on the Tigris named for the god Asur,ruled by Sargon II

Created a vast citadel at Dur Sharrukin and known for the Lamassu relief sculptures

Term
Neo
Definition
Term

Neo-Babylonian

 

Definition

600-540 BCE

New Babylon

Restoration of Babylonia to its rank as a great city

Term

Persian Period

 

Definition

600-330 BCE

Persian empire was the largest and had the citadel Persepolis

Term
Apadana
Definition
a large hall in Persepolis supported by giant collums
Term
Darius the Great
Definition
Ruler of Pursia and had Persepolis began beging built under his reign.
Term
Persepolis
Definition
Citadel at Persepolis built by darius the great and Xerxes, with walls decorated with reliefs and a giant apadana
Term
Processional Frieze
Definition
the Decorated walls of Persepolis with a relief of representations of 23 subjects nations bringing tribute to teh Persian king
Term
Sassanian Period
Definition

225BCE-635 AD

After Alexander the Greats conquest of Persia, New rulers took over and called themselves Sasanian.

Term
Shapur I
Definition
Shapur I, the son of teh first Sassanian king, who was a powerful leader who capture Rome and humiliated the roman emperor
Term
[image]
Definition

Triumph of Shapur I

Cliff Relief

Iran

Sassanian Period

225-635

 

Term
Pharaoh
Definition
A ruler in ancient egypt
Term
mummification
Definition
preserving a body by embalming and wrapping it in linens
Term
rosetta stone
Definition
An inscribed stone found by the Nile when deciphered was used to desipher Hyroglyphics
Term
papyrus
Definition
Egyption paper made form reeds
Term
Hieroglyph
Definition
Egyption Writting
Term
Scribe
Definition
An educated person who writes down important documents
Term
Cartouche
Definition
An oval enclosing a group of hyrogliphics to represent a name of a monarch
Term
Canopic Jars
Definition
Jars used during the mummifaction process used to hold the organs of the deceased
Term
Book of the dead
Definition
An ancient Egyption book of spells to assist a persons journey after dealth to the after life, scripts written on tombs
Term
Polytheism
Definition
Belief in more than one God
Term
Monotheism
Definition
Belief in one God
Term
Aton
Definition
Sun God
Term
Amon-Ra
Definition
The God of Kings and the King of Gods
Term
Osiris
Definition
God of the Underworld, Judgement of the dead
Term
Isis
Definition
Goddess of Fertility, married to OSiris
Term
Horus
Definition
God of war, the sun and protection
Term
Pre-dynastic Period
Definition

3500-3000 BCE

the unification of upper ane lower Egypt ,evidence of earliest work of narrative art.

Term
[image]
Definition

The Narmer Palette

Sculpture

Egypt

Pre-dynastic Period

3500-3000BCE

Palette of King Narmer, historical relief commemerating the unifation of upper and lower Egypt

Term
[image]
Definition

Step Pyramid of Djoser

Architecture

Saqqara

Early Dynaastic Period

3000-2600 BCE

 Created by Imhotep the first artist whose name is known, first pyramid built during the third dynasty

Term
Early Dynastic Period
Definition

3000-2600 BCE

Imhotep: first artist in history whose name is known builds first Pyramid for dead king Djoser

Term
Necropolis
Definition
A large cemetary of burial ground
Term
Mastaba
Definition
An Ancient egyption tomb
Term
Imhotep
Definition
The first known named artist who built the first pyramid in teh thrid dynasty for the dead king Djoser
Term

Old Kingdom Pyramid

 

Definition

2600-2150 BCE

First golden age of Egypt

fourth dynasty, The great Pyramids, statues created to express nature of Pharaonic kinship

Term
[image]
Definition

Great Pyramids

Architechture

Gizeh

Old Kingdom Period

2600-2150 BCE

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Sphinx

Archetecture

Scultpure

Gizeh

Old Kingdom Period

2600-2150

Composite creature associated with the sun

Term
[image]
Definition

Seated Khafre

Sculpture

Gizeh

Old Kingdom Period

2600-2150 BCE

statue

Term
[image]
Definition

Seated Scribe

Sculpture

Old Kingdom Period

2600-2150 BCE

Painted sculpture shows realistic signs of aging

Term
Pyramid
Definition
A monumental structure, embelms of the sun on whose rays the pharaohs ascended to the heavens after death
Term
[image]
Definition

Akenaton

Sculpture

Amarna Period

1350-1335 BCE

an androgionous and rebellious sculpture by Akenaton initiatied a religious revolution and his art is a deliberate reaction against tradition.

Term
[image]
Definition

Tiye

Sculpture

Amarna Period

1350-1335 BCE

Tiye is the mother of Akhenaton and Queen during the 18th Dynasty, very influential women, advising her son when he ruled

Term
A Sphinx
Definition
A monumental statue of a mythological creature representing the Pharoah as an incarnation of the sun God Ra
Term
Canon
Definition
The rules for writting and drawing in the Old Kingdom
Term
Gizeh
Definition
The city in Egypy that is home to the great pyramids adn Sphinx home to a large stone Quarry.
Term
Middle Kingdom
Definition

2050-1650 BCE

Major artistic innovation with rock cut tombs with chambers and columns

Term
2nd intermediate Period
Definition

1650-1550 BCE

 

Term
Rock cut tomb
Definition
Tomb with both facades and interior chambers hewn from living rock
Term
New Kingdom Period
Definition

1550-1050

Egypt extends boarders, Pylon temples, gigantic temples errected for powerful pharoahs, traditional egyption religion abandoned

Term
[image]
Definition

Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut

Architecture

Deir-el-Bahri

New Kingdom Period

1550-1050BCE

temple representing first great femal monarch

Term
[image]
Definition

Temple of Ramses II

Architecture

Abu Simbel

New Kingdom Period

1550-1050 BCE

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Tutankhamon's Chest

Sculpture

New Kingdom Period

1550-1050 BCE

Narrative showing Tutankhamon triumping over Asian enemies

Term
[image]
Definition

Judgment Scroll

Book of the Dead

Painting

Papyrus

New Kingdom Period

1550-1050 BCE

 

Term
Hatshepsut
Definition
First powerful femal monarch in Egypt. During the New Kingdom period Built a temple to remember her.
Term
ramses II
Definition
Egyption Pharoah known as the greatest more powerful egyption Pharoah of the New Kingdom
Term
Karnak
Definition
A city in Egypt home to the Temple of Amen-Re,one of the only temples that honors a God.
Term
Obelisk
Definition
A tall four sided figure resempling a sun ray
Term
Tutankhamon
Definition
Ruled for a decade died at age 18, his tomb was filled with riches and treasures.
Term
Amarana Period
Definition

1350-1335 BCE

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Akhenaton with Family

Sculpture

Amarna Period

1350-1335 BCE

A sunken relief showing a rare intimate look at the Royal family and how they lived. Shows Akhenatin's queen Nefertiti and Akhenatin and three of their daughters in a domestic setting basking in the rays of Aton

Term
[image]
Definition

Temple of Horus

Archetecture

Edfu

Late Period

1050-330 BCE

Overshadowing moldings at the top adn shides and deep channels to hold great flagstaffs

Term
Late Period
Definition

1050-330 BCE

Alexander the Great established Greek rule in the land of the Nile

Term
Amarna
Definition
Time of relazation with artists rules, Nefertiti was Akhenatons influential wife during the time. artists had more room for expression
Term
Cycladic Period
Definition

2500 BCE

Marble statuettes of the Cycladic islands, many figurines buried in graves,

Term
Cycladic Islands
Definition
Home to marble quariries used to make marble statuettes of abstract forms with sleek modern designs, named Cycladic because of teh circle around teh delos,
Term
Aegean Sea
Definition
Sea sourounding the Cycladic islands,
Term
Minoan Period
Definition

3000-1400 BCE

Construction of the fisrt palaces on the islands like Knossos.

Term
[image]
Definition

Femal Figure

Sculpture

Marble

Cycladic Period

2500 BCE

Term
[image]
Definition

Stairwell

Architecture

Knossos palace

Minoan Period

3000-1400

 

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Minoan Woman

Painting

Minoan Period

3000-1400 BCE

Palace at Knossos

frescos decorated the Knossos palace walls with paintings

Term
[image]
Definition

Bull Leaping fresco

Painting

Minoan Period

3000-1400 BCE

Palace at Knossos

Fresco, ceremonial

Term
[image]
Definition

Octopus Jar

Ceramic

Minoan Period

3000-1400 BCE

 

Term
[image]
Definition

Snake Goddess

Sculpture

Minoan Period

3000-1400 BCE

Knossos

Term
Knossos
Definition
The largest palace at Knossos was home to King Minos. Complex palace in elevation and plan with three stories, Minoan columns, and fresco art
Term
Crete
Definition
A greek island on mediterrean sea home to Knossos
Term
Kamares Ware
Definition
A distinctive type of ceramics made during the Minoan period on the island of Crete
Term
Buon Fresco
Definition
Pigment applied to wet plaster
Term
Fresco secco
Definition
Pigment with egg and water applied to dry plaster
Term
Mycenaean Period
Definition

1500-1200 BCE

War on Troy, Mycenaeans occupied Crete, created the oldest preserved monumental sculptures in Greece, Lion gate

Term
Mycenae
Definition
Took over the island of Crete in Greece in 1500 and developed power and were rich in gold
Term
Troy
Definition
city in ancient greek taken over by the Mycenaen
Term
Cyclopean masonry
Definition
Irregular cyclopean blocks piled in horzontal courses and then cantilevered inward until the two walls met in a pointed arch
Term
repousse
Definition
A metal working tecnique involving beating metal to shape it. Funerary mask is an exapmle
Term
Megaron
Definition
The great hall of the palace complexes
Term
Tholos Tomb
Definition
Beehive shaped vaulted ceilings, composed of stone corbeled courses and stone blocks.
Term
Corbeled
Definition
A piece of masonry jutting out from a wall to support the overlying weight
Term
relieving triangle
Definition
A space above a doorframe or window to relieve the archetectual pressure
Term
[image]
Definition

Corbel Gallery

Architecture

Tiryns

Mycenaean Period

1500-1200 BCE

Term
[image]
Definition

Lion gate

Architecture

Mycenae

Mycenaean Period

1500-1200 BCE

largest sculpture in prehistoric Aeagean is the lion relief

Term
[image]
Definition

Funerary Mask

sculpture

repousse

Mycenaean Period

1500-1200BCE

Term
[image]
Definition

Dagger Blade

Sculpture

Mycenaean Period

1500-1200BCE

Bronze dagger inlaid with gold

Greece

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