Term
| The Old Stone Age is called... |
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Definition
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Term
| The lifestyle of Paleolithic people made what kind of sculpture common? |
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Definition
| Sculpture in the round and relief sculpture |
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Term
| What did Paleolithic sculptors most often depict? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Lion-Human from Hohleinstein-Stadel is an example of... |
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Definition
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Term
| What methods and materials were used to create cave paintings? |
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Definition
| Charcoal and red and brown pigments of ground ochers in the light of small stone lamps fueled by animal fat |
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Term
| What are possible reasons for the creation of Stonehenge? |
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Definition
| Extraordinary social and symbolic importance in its region. Some scholars think that it may have been a kind of observatory that helped astronomers to track cosmic events; whereas, anthropologists suspect that the monument was an important site for mahor public ceremonies, possibly planting of harvest rituals. |
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Term
| Compared to Paleolithic painting, Neolithic painting is... |
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Definition
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Term
| From what are ceramics made? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Skara Brae? Where? |
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Definition
| Excavated village on the Orkney Islands off the northern coast of Scotland |
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Term
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Definition
| Hard stone with design incised (cut) into the surface. Cylinder seals were used to secure and identify documents and signify property ownerships. |
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Term
| What two forms of writing did the Sumerians develop? |
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Definition
| Pictograph and cuneiform script |
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Term
| What form of writing did the Egyptians develop? |
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Definition
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Term
| In Mesopotamia, a tall stepped structure with a temple built on top is called... |
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Definition
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Term
| In Egypt the human form was drawn according to a... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the world's oldest recorded code of law and what is it inscribed upot? |
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Definition
| The Stele of Hammurabi, incised in cuneiform script under a portrait of the ruler depicted standing before the supreme judge and sun god, Shamash, patron of law and justice. |
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Term
| What does the art of the Palette of Narmer depict? |
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Definition
| The unification of Upper and Lower Egypt |
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Term
| What is a flat-topped, one-story Egyptian structure with slanted walls over a burial chamber? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a large Egyptians hall filled with rows of columns? |
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Definition
| Funerary temple of Hatshepsut |
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Term
| Describe the difference between the Stepped Pyramid of Djoser and the Pyramid of Khafra |
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Definition
Stepped Pyramid - body is underground, structure after mastaba (middle)
Pyramid - body is buried inside of the pyramid, culmination of the Egyptian burial structure |
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Term
| Qin Shihuangdi's ceramic soldier were mass produced by using... |
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Definition
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Term
| What characterized the Indian sense of beauty? |
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Definition
a) Voluptuousness, beauty, and ornamentations
b) Symbolism
c) All about the divine quality (religion) |
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Term
| In Buddhist architecture, what is the bell-shaped moung that contains relics? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the ancient sun symbol that is pictured as a wheel with spokes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the decorative process where one material is set into the surface of an object? |
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Definition
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Term
| Han architecture can be found only in... |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we call the liquid, that when fired forms a decorative and non-porous surface on ceramics? |
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Definition
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Term
| From where does the world's oldest surviving pottery come? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the world's oldest surviving documented wooden structure? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| "beautiful writing" - based on combinations of strokes, executed with a brush and ink on paper, to create the characters of Chinese writing. |
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Term
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Definition
| a manner of representation that conforms to an intellectual or artistic idea rather than to naturalistic appearances |
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Term
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Definition
| reliquary tower - multistoried masonry structure with projecting tiled roof, originated in the Indian Bugghist Stupa |
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Term
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Definition
| a network of land and sea routes that linked China by trade to Europe |
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Term
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Definition
| hollow ceramic works of sculpture. The figures seem to have serves as some kind of link between the world of dead and the wold of living. (decorative Japanese figures) |
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Term
| What was one use for Greek Geometric Style vases? |
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Definition
| Funerary vase that worked as grave marker made to hold offerings |
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Term
| The earliest standing Greek temples date from which period? |
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Definition
| Temple of Hera I in Archaic Period (Doric Order) |
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Term
| What do we call the platform of a Greek temple? The main room? |
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Definition
the platform of a Greek temple - stylobate
the main room - cella |
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Term
| Compare the three Greek architecture orders: which order has no base? which order has a rolled capitol? which has the thinnest column? |
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Definition
no base - Doric
has a rolled capitol - Ionic
the thinnest - Corinthian |
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Term
| Explain the Black Figure vase painting technique of the Archaic period |
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Definition
| The painted used slip (a mixture of clay and water) to silhouette figures against the reddish, unpainted clay of the background. Details were incised with a sharp tool inside the silhouetted shapes. The colod contrast was created in the firing process |
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Term
| What event coincided with the end of the archaic period and beginning of the classical period? |
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Definition
| Greek's success against the Persians which gave them self-confidence that accelerated the development of their art |
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Term
| Whar differentiates the early classical period from the archaic period? |
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Definition
| Increasing naturalism in styles |
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Term
| What Greek sculptural technique allowed for the creation of more complex poses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Parthenon? Which architectual order is used? |
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Definition
| The Parthenon is the ideal Doric temple which follows the typical cella and peristyle plan |
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Term
| What did Polykleitos develop? |
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Definition
| A canon of human proportions |
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Term
| What civilization most influenced Roman Art? In what way? |
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Definition
| Greek civilization, Hellenistic period. Romans incorporated Greek orders into their architecture, imported Greek art, employed Greek artists, and adopted the Greek gods and heroes as their own, giving them Latin names |
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Term
| What do Romans coins give us an understanding of? |
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Definition
| Living rulers appearance (personal view through history of living rulers) |
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Term
| What is the topmost stone in a round arch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Define a barrel vault and a groin vault |
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Definition
Barrel vault - simple lengthened cyllindrical round arch
Groin vault - two barrel-vaulted spaces that intersect each other at right angels |
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Term
| What are the two functions of the Pont du Gard? |
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Definition
| Transport and carry water over the Gard River |
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Term
| First century CE artists created the illusion of space using what two artistic techniques? |
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Definition
| Intuitive perspective (further - smaller)and atmospheric perspective (further - less distinct, hazier) |
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Term
| What durable building material was invented by the Romans? |
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Definition
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Term
| Discuss at least two of the interestind innovations built into the Roman Colosseum? |
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Definition
a) Canopy, developed sunshades
b) Elevators for animals |
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Term
| A Roman painting in a circular shape is known as a... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an oculus? Which Roman building is known for its oculus? |
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Definition
| Oculus - central circular opening in the roof. Pantheon is known for its oculus. |
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Term
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Definition
| very naturalistic style of drawing, w/ illusion of space |
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Term
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Definition
| external support in Round Arch (barrel vault) |
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Term
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Definition
| half column attached to the wall |
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Term
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Definition
| statue that involves human and the horse |
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Term
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Definition
| round room created by dome and drum |
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Term
| What was painted on the walls of the synagogue at Dura-Europos? |
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Definition
| Scenes from Jewish History |
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Term
| Most of the earliest surviving examples of Jewish art date from which two periods? (two different civilizations) |
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Definition
| Hellenistic and Roman periods |
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Term
| Where do we find the oldest Christian art? |
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Definition
| Cubiculum of Leonis, Catacomb of Commodilla, ROme |
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Term
| Describe both a central-plan church and a basilica-plan church |
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Definition
Basilica-plan church: rectangular structure, has transept, nave, apse, atrium, and narthex
Central-plan church: round-domed structure, has apse, atrium, narthex, and dome area |
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Term
| What is the art technique where metal strips form areas which are filled with enamel? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the banning or destruction of religious art called? |
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Definition
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Term
| The highest form of art in Islam is considered to be... |
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Definition
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Term
| The scrolling design based on organic shapes and calligraphy is... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is specifically forbidden in early Islamic art? |
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Definition
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Term
| Mughal painting was more ... than earlier Islamic Painting |
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Definition
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Term
| Identify the "Dome of the Rock" |
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Definition
| The oldes surviving Islamic building and is decorated on the interior with a mosaic frieze containing the earliest written text of the Koran. Its centralized octagonal plan is derived from both Byzantine and local Christian archtecture. Build in complex mathematical forms (the plan of the octagonal structure is based on eight-pointed star) |
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Term
| What is a container for holy objects known as? |
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Definition
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Term
| A recurring element in a design is known as a... |
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Definition
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Term
| What are three style characteristics of the Gummersmark brooch? |
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Definition
a) symmetrical design
b) abstract design of animals
c) geometric design / pattern / decoration |
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Term
| In church architecture from the Carolingian period, what is the monumental front entrance known as? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the hybrid art style of Christians living in Islamic Spain? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who revived large scale bronze casting during the early Medieval period? |
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Definition
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Term
| Whar is the artwork thet describes William the Conquerors invasion and defeat of England? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did architects at Durham Cathedral develop that became important to Gothic architecture? |
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Definition
| A system of vaulting and compound pears |
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Term
| Identify the semi-circular area above the door lintel of a church? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Worchester Chronicle? |
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Definition
| The earliest known illustrated history book |
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Term
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Definition
| Chi Rho Iota Page - Carolingian |
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Term
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Definition
| Dipylon Vase - Greek / Geometric |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Bayeux Tapestry - Romanesque |
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Term
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Definition
| Emperror Qin's Mausoleum - China |
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Term
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Definition
| Kritios Boy - Greek / Classic |
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Term
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Definition
Lion Human - Paleolithic Period
(Old Stone Age) |
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Term
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Definition
| Palette of Narmer - Egypt |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Skara Brae - Neolithic Period
(New Stone Age) |
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Term
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Definition
| Stele of Hammurabi - Mesopotamia |
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Term
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Definition
| Sutton Hoo Purse Cover - Medieval |
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