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| art created by nonprofessionals |
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| an imaginary line in an artwork |
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| the position on the horizon line where the orthogonal lines of linear-perspective meet |
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| what metalpoint lines are drawn with onto a surface coated with gesso or poster paint |
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| a branch of philosophy that studies sensory responses related to, but not limited by, the concept of beauty |
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| the main difference between crayons and chalks |
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| they are made with different binders |
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| is permanent and doesn't deteriorate over time |
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| example of a liquid drawing medium |
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| if a work of art is faithful to our visual experience |
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| the size,shape, color, material, and composition of a work of art |
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| liquid that hold particles of pigment together without dissolving them, sometimes acts as a binder |
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| in printmaking, to cancel a print means |
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| no more prints can be made from this matrix |
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| powdered color, can be made from minerals, plants, animals, insects, and metals |
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| printmaking method that functions on the principle that water and oil do not mix |
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| printmaking method where the printed area is raised and the non-printed surface is cut away |
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| Fresco secco or dry fresco |
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| is not a permanent painting method |
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| in fresco painting, a drawing that is transferred to the prepared plaster surface prior to applying the pigment |
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| drawing material made from animal skins |
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| in watercolor, gum arabic acts as |
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| the advantage of oil painting is that it drives very slowly this allows for.. |
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| blending of colors, the painting to be reworked indefinitely, the application of layers of paint on top of one another |
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| work that is arranged with dissimilar elements on either side |
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| Lines are used in art to indicate |
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| boundaries between forms, direction and motion, shadows and highlight, spatial depth on flat surfaces |
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| defined by recurring characteristics found in art; can be classified in terms of individual style, cultural style, school style, period style |
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| mixing a primary color and a secondary color |
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| a color produced by the addition of black to make it darker |
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| new synthetic paint from the 1950s that challenged oils as the principal painting medium |
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| an ancient painting medium |
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| the apparent "heaviness" or "lightness" of the shapes and forms arranged in the composition |
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| an intaglio method in which lines are cut into a metal plate with a burin |
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| an intaglio method in which a drawing tool removes some of the acid-resistant ground covering a metal plate, and then acid "eats" the exposed places on a plate |
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| the substance that holds particles of pigment together |
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| in 2D art that is balanced symmetrically, the implied center of gravity is |
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| along the vertical axis down the center of the composition |
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| printing impressions one top of one another from separate blocks in order to achieve full-color woodcut prints requires careful alignment of paper |
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| woodcut, linocut, wood engraving |
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| printing technique that is capable of producing subtle shades of gray |
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| paper, made from a mixture of plant materials and water, was invented in |
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| what artists add to provide interest and enliven the unity of a work of art |
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| main subject or main element emphasized |
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| how large is an edition of a print that is numbered 18/45 |
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| design principle that is based on repetition |
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| how many prints can be made from a monotype |
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| the black and white under-painting in oil painting |
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| a solid, 3D form that has weight and takes up real space |
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| fresco, acrylic, watercolor |
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| a color that, in theory, cannot be created by a mixture of other colors |
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| the relative lightness or darkness of an area |
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| produced by burned sticks of wood |
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| one of the oldest relief methods |
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| what is applied to an oil or acrylic painting to protect the surface of the painting |
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| taller spaces than round arches |
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| straight photographers, such as Alfred Stieglitz, believed that photographs should |
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| not be altered in any way |
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| sculpting technique shapes forms with soft materials like clay or wax |
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| a form of sculpture in which an entire room is treated as a work of art to be entered and experienced, and is placed in a specific location usually for a limited period |
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| is more aggressive than modeling, is more direct than casting, is a subtractive process |
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| two basic families of structural systems in architecture |
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| the shell and the skeleton-and-skin |
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| four basic methods for making a sculpture |
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| modeling, casting, carving, and assembling |
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| the theme of the sistine chapel ceiling frescos comes from |
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| the Old testament in the bible |
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| the subtractive process in sculpture |
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| is a sculptural process of bringing together individual pieces, segments, or objects to form a sculpture |
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| what medium revolutionized painting during the Renaissance |
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| in 1888 Kodak camera changed the history of photography by |
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| making photography easily accessible to the general public |
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| the movement that divided all of Europe into Protestant and Catholic camps |
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| A characteristic of Northern European art |
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| their precise rendering of surface details |
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| how most homes in the U.S. are built |
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| "fallingwater" (the Kaufmann House in Bear Run, Pennsylvania) is a prime example of "organic" architecture of |
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| Pieter Bruegel the Elder's painting "The Harvesters" is an example of |
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| The first film projector was invented by |
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| "Carte de Visite" (visiting cards) became a popular form of inexpensive, souvenir portrait photographs thanks to |
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| the invention of the calotype with its multiple prints |
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| during the 1930s, the U.S. Department of Agriculture paid photographers, such as Dorothea Lang, to document conditions of |
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| The first artists to work with video was |
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| built by Joseph Paxton in 1851 for the "works of industry of all nations" in Hyde Park, London, proved that as long as the skeleton was strong, its skin could be light and non-load-bearing |
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| First studies of motion using photography were made by |
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| One of the first color films |
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| "the wizard of oz" 1939, directed by Victor Fleming |
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| The first epic film, that exemplified great skill by inventing new camera positions and editing techniques |
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| was director D.W. Griffith's "birth of a nation" |
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| Characteristics of typical Italian Baroque art |
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| theatricality, movement, emotion, bold colors |
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| when a large hall is built using post-and-lintel construction methods, the resulting "virtual forest of columns" |
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| Both Macassio's painting "Trinity with the virgin, st. john the evangelist, and donors" and leonardo da vinci's "the last supper" use |
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| linear perspective to create the illusion of space |
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| William Henry Fox Talbot invented |
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| Frederick Archer invented |
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| highly detailed, 3D effect |
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| lack of detail, 2D effect |
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| wet-plate process, uses glass negative |
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| in the 19th century, the invention of the daguerreotype and the calotype led to a demand in |
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| the first color process in photography |
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| autochrome, invented in 1907 by the Lumiere Brothers |
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| The first movie to be completely filmed in digital format |
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| George Lucas' film "Star Wars II: Attack of the clones" which created a sensation in the film industry because of that |
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| atmospheric and linear perspective were developed |
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| the doric, ionic, and the corinthian columns |
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| had a strong interest in ancient greek and romain culture, the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake, and the potential of the individual |
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| what do Man Ray's rayogram and digital photography have in common? |
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| Leonardo da vinci's "mona lisa" shows amazing skill in |
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| Michelangelo foremost specialty with |
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| whose innovation was it to create group portraits in the setting of an activity, rather than posing the subjects formally |
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| Botticelli's painting "the birth of venus" was influenced by a philosophy known as |
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| the dramatic contrast between light and dark like in caravaggio's painting "entombment of christ" |
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| the amazing detail and rich color in Jan van Eyck's painting "arnolfini double portrait" would not have been possible with out the invention of |
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| a form of sculpture in which an entire room is treated as a work of art to be entered and experienced and is placed in a specific location usually for a limited period |
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| as seen in hagia sophia, the transitional section between the dome and the rectangular base |
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| the ability of a material to span horizontal distances with minimum support |
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| two factors that decide the success of any structural system |
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| weight and tensile strength |
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| builders of gothic cathedrals reinforced the walls of their architecture from the outside with |
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| both piers and flying buttresses |
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| the additive process of sculpture includes |
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| both assembling and modeling |
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| a sculpting technique that utilizes molds into which molten metal is poured |
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| leonardo da vinci was a skilled |
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| engineer, painter, inventor, architect |
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| the eiffel tower is an example of |
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| green, orange, and violet |
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| variation of the same hue |
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| a natural or synthetic resin that is applied to an oil or acrylic painting after the painting is finished, helps to protect the surface of the painting, enhances color |
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protects the support and provides a surface that will bind to the paint
-gesso: a ground that is a mixture of white pigment and glue |
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| comtemporary art, ancient painting medium, pigment is mixed with a wax and resin (binder) and "burned in" as a heat source passes over surface which will not harm paper, panel or canvas over time and it is permanent |
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| watercolor with an inert white pigment that makes it opaque |
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| painting wet into wet paint, no grisaille under painting |
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| creating a color area from small strokes of individual color, optical blending |
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| new painting med.: oil paint, changed what they could do with paint, long time to dry, manipulate paint, make glazes. |
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| 500 to about 1500 , not really realistic, stylized, flatness |
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| what defined the renaissance, love learning education, beauty of the body (philosophers and writing) |
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originated in Paris in 1860, first impressionism exhibition in 1874, because of japanese block art we have it
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*Renoir pg 511 "Le Moulin de la Galette" "Luncheon of the Boating Party" (light passes throught the leaves which show patches of light on the painting, shows modern life of people in paris)
*Edgar Degas (skilled painter, print maker, sculpture, photographer)pg 512 "Women at a cafe, evening" (social society in Paris or life in Paris, what was happening here and now)"ballet rehearsal" "the dancing lession" "dancer with bouquet curtseying" "at the races" |
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Artist:
*vincent van goah: "self portrait with bandaged ear" "self portrait dedicated to paul gauguin" (used bright colors, direct painting technique, similar to impressionism)
*Georges Sewart:used pointillism "a sunday on la grand latte" pg 98-9 "bathers at asnieres" pg 66 (showed modern pairs, and society enjoying themselves, huge paintings, mixes more soical groups creates Utopian society to create harmonious happy paintings, but more robotic)
*Paul Cezanne: father of modernism "the oxbow" pg 74 "mont sainte-victoire" pg 516 (not really naturalistic/realistic, not interested in photography but did like japanese block prints, had a lot of mental problems, uses space differently, creates mass) |
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| The modern world 1800-1945` |
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Henri Matisse "the joy of life" pg 521
-free form the modern world
-"Woman with the hat" "harmony in red" pg 367
-representational abstract
Andre Berain "view of colliure" pg 519 |
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| a movement developed during the early 20th century by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. In its most severe "analytical phase, Cubism abstracted the forms of the visible world into fragments or facets drawn from multiple points of view, then constructed an image from them which had its own internal logic. A severely restricted palette (black, white, brown) and a painting technique of short, distinct "touches" allowed shards of figure and round to interpenetrate in a shallow shifting space. |
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| collage - fake way of art |
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| an international art movement that emerged during WWI. Believing that society itself had sort of aesthetic refuge or comfort. Instead, it created "anti-art" that emphasized absurdity, irrationality, chance, whimsy, irony, and childishness. Deliberately shocking or provocative works, actions, and events were aimed at disrupting public complacency |
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a movement of the early 20th century that emphasized imagery from dreams and fantasies, founded and led by Andre Boston a writer and poet
-drawings of the insane, childrens drawsings, naiviee art, artists that have no training |
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-marcel duchamp: pg 528 "fountain", L.H.O.O.Q (she has a hot ass) picture of mona lisa that was put on a postcard and has a mustache
-Man Ray: "indestructible object (or object to bed destroyed)", "Gift"
-Hanna Hoch: pg 222 "cut with the kitchen knife"
-Francis Picabia: pg 528 "the child carburetor" viewed people as machines, created machine portraits of hiim and his friends |
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-dr. sigmund freud: book "the interpretation of dreams"
-salvador dali: developed from dad, sex, dreams, subconscious, "the persistence of memory" "still life moving fast" "the temptation of st. anthony"
-Rene Magritte: "the human condition" (landscape painting of what the artist is seeing out the window, physiological) "delusions of Gandeur II" pg 137 |
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writing or drawing that flows from the subconscious, unchecked by reason or inhibitions
-artists: andre masson "the blood of birds" (was in war so physically and mentally messed up) |
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action painting, color field painting, inside the subconscious, keep away from the outside, huge paintings, trying to engulf people into their subconscious
-artists: Jackson pollock "number 1" (gester ans spontaneous) |
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derived imagery from popular, mass produced culture, allowed for mass production, no brush work, no artist touch, reflects you what you buy everyday
-artists: andy warhol |
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similar to pop art, not really pretty, not really meant to be bought or sold, no emotion, just see objects, cool and detached
-artist: Donald judd "untitled", Frank Stella "Empress of India", Don Flavin "untitled (to jan and ron green burg), marcel duchamp "foutain" |
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| compare abstract expressionism vs. minimal art |
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both non-representational aspect, -Expressionism: subconscious, expressive feelings, emotions, post war
-minimal art: just an object, never see an image |
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-appropriation: artistic recycling of existing images
-pluralism: the idea that art can take many directions at the same time
-artists: sherrie levine "fountain" changes idea instead of basic object made it of bronze unlike duchamp |
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| pure art from within post WWII abstract art, rejects from the world |
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| reaction against modernism. incorporation of all periods and styles, rejects nothing from the past |
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| focuses on irrational, spiritual, emotions, and the exotic |
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| focuses on logic, reason, and classical antiquity |
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| focuses on fleeting impressions of light and life in Paris |
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| focuses on the everyday person and contemporary life, no interest in history, mythology or the unseen |
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| An early-20th-century movement in painting begun by a group of French artists and marked by the use of bold, often distorted forms and vivid colors |
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| american pictorialist (20th century) believed that for photography to be an art, it must be true to its own nature; it should not try to be painting. illustrates our point about photographers moving through the world with an invisible frame behind their eyes. Known as pure or straight photography no manipulation |
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| used paintings as a model for his photos (had stories in them) used separate negative to create an image that he had had actors that posed |
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| american, 1st photographer to not use film. He invented the ray-o-gram. Formed by the ideas of Dada. Trained as a painter, photography itself he reacted with characteristic dada abandoned. He used a dark room and began to experiment with light sensitive paper that photographs are printed on (an object placed on paper would leave its own shadow in white when the paper darkened upon exposure to light was able to manipulate photos) |
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| one of the first to use motion picture in art "fred Otts Sneeze" 1894 |
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| 1st video artist, "tv bra living sculpture" shocking for public at the time, "tv buddha" 1st audience participation like to combine in music |
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| 2nd century c.e., concrete which cut costs and speeds up construction, grand-scale building, coffer (a recessed geometrical panel in a ceiling often used in multiples as a decorate element), oculus was the "eye" provides sunlight, rotunda was a round building, minarets was a four slender towers. |
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| (istanbul, turkey) 6th century c.e., dome, rises 183 ft above floor, weight carried to the ground by heavy stone piers (sq columns), each of the four sides of the building consists of a monumental round arch, between archs and dome are curved triangular sections (pendentives) |
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| Josheph Paxton (crystal palace) |
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| (hyde park, london) 1851 20th century, cast-iron construction and sheathed in glass, first modern skeleton and skin construction, covered more than 17 acres and reached a height of 108 ft, was erected in 16 weeks and could be taken down and moved and then rebuilt |
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| by louis sullivan, balloon-frame construction true skeleton and skin method that used wood, considered 1st genuinely modern building , vertical lines and four corners of the building emphasized by this |
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