Logical fallacy

a fallacy in logical argumentation

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Credible

capable of being believed; believable

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Grounds

 the foundation or basis on which a belief or action rests

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Refutation (counterargument)

The part of an argument in which a speaker or writer counters opposing points of view.

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Persuasion

A means of persuading someone to do or believe something; an argument or inducement

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Logos

Bandwagon

A particular activity or cause that has suddenly become fashionable or popular.

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Propaganda

Proposal

Either/or fallacy

occurs when a speaker makes a claim (usually a premise in an otherwise valid deductive argument) that presents an artificial range of choices.

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Litotes

A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite.

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Rebuttal

 the speech act of refuting by offering a contrary contention or argument.

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Equivocation

Equivocation is the use in a syllogism (a logical chain of reasoning) of a term several times, but giving the term a different meaning each time.

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Ethos

Ethos is a Greek word meaning "character" that is used to describe the guiding beliefs or ideals that characterize a community, nation, or ideology. 

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Media

diversified media technologies that are intended to reach a large audience by mass communication.

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Euphemism

the substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh, or blunt. 

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Irony

the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning

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Paradox

is an argument that produces an inconsistency, typically within logic or common sense.

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Anaphora

a rhetorical term for the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or verses.

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Fallacies

A fallacy is incorrect argument in logic and rhetoric resulting in a lack of validity, or more generally, a lack of soundness.

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Slippery slope

Appeal

 appeal is a process for requesting a formal change to an official decision. 

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Bias

 Two words can have the same denotative meaning, but call up very different images. Word Choice Indicates Bias.

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Argument of fact

A fact or statement put forth as proof or evidence; a reason

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Sentimental appeals

Relying entirely on manipulatively heart-warming or heart-wrenching appeals to emotion to win support for what has not been otherwise rationally justified.

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Hasty generalizations

Drawing a conclusion, especially a sweeping one, from insufficient evidence.

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Post hoc, ergo proctor hoc

(after this therefore because of this) fallacy is based upon the mistaken notion that simply because one thing happens after another, the first event was a cause of the second event.

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Claim

to demand by or as by virtue of a right; demand as a right or as due

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 the act or an instance of conceding (as by granting something as a right, accepting something as true, or acknowledging defeat)

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This fallacy consists in assuming that because two things are alike in one or more respects, they are necessarily alike in some other respect.

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an element in experience or in artistic representation evoking pity or compassion

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Inductive logic

a system of evidential support that extends deductive logic to less-than-certain inferences.

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arguments are evaluated in terms of their validity and soundness. 

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Empirical evidence

nformation that is acquired by observation or experimentation.

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Logical evidence

Logic proof

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Anecdotal evidence

is a claim of non-factual information based on a person's experience. 

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Ad hominem

 a general category of fallacies in which a claim or argument is rejected on the basis of some irrelevant fact about the author of or the person presenting the claim or argument. 

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the act of developing the intellectual and moral faculties especially by education

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