A flaw in logic that weakens an argument 

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Able to be believed , convincing ; reliable 

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Foundation for an argument, a belief, or action. 

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contrast, opposing to something 

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A form of argumentation , one of the four modes of discourse ; language intented to convince through appeals to reason or emotion 

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Persuading by the use of reasoning 

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Appealing to popularity or the fact that many people do something as an attempt form of validation 

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the art or science of all specialized literary uses of language in the prose or verse, including the figures of speech ( ability to use language effectively) 

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information , especially of a baised or misleadeing nature , used to promoteor puplicize a particular cause or point of view usually related to politics. 

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A plan or suggestion put forward for consideration or discussion by others.

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are defects that weaken arguments 

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Contrast within parellel phrases. The term can also refer to literary characters who, though not necessarily antagonist, represent opposite personal characteristics or moral views. 

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This is the stragety of understatement often employed to provide subtle emphasis, frequently for ironic effect or to underline a passionate opinion 

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A refutation or contradiction 

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the use of equivocal language or an equivocal statement / expression 

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(credibility) or ethical appeal, means convincing by the character of the author. Believability 

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the means of communication, as radio and television, newspapers, and magazines, that reach or influence people widely.

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a more acceptable and usually more pleasant way of saying something that might be inappropriate or uncomfortable

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a situation or statement characterized by significant difference between what is expected or understood and what actually happens or is meant, frequently humorous , sarcastic when using words to imply the opposite of what they normaly mean. 

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a statement that seems contradictory , but is actually true. 

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