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arguments
persuasive vocabulary
41
English
10th Grade
01/29/2013

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Term

fallacies


Definition
A mistaken belief, esp. one based on unsound argument
Term
slippery slope
Definition
In debate or rhetoric, a slippery slope (sometimes misstated as thin edge of the wedge, or the camel's nose) is a classical informal fallacy.
Term
appeal
Definition
Make a serious or urgent request, typically to the public
Term
parallelism
Definition
The state of being parallel or of corresponding in some way
Term
bias
Definition
Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.
Term
argument of fact
Definition
fact or statement put forth as proof or evidence; a reason
Term
sentimental appeals
Definition
an attitude toward something; regard; opinion
Term
hasty generalization
Definition
Hasty generalization is a logical fallacy of faulty generalization by reaching an inductive generalization based on insufficient evidence
Term
post hoc, ergo procter hoc 
Definition
post hoc: the logical fallacy of believing that temporal succession implies a causal relation.
Term
claim
Definition
State or assert that something is the case, typically without providing evidence or proof
Term
concession
Definition
A thing that is granted, esp. in response to demands; a thing conceded
Term
faulty analogy
Definition
assuming either that properties shared between two situations or existents will continue to be found indefinitely or that shared properties will be found in very disparate situations or existents
Term
pathos
Definition
A quality that evokes pity or sadness
Term
inductive logic
Definition
Inductive reasoning, also known as induction or inductive logic, or educated guess in colloquial English, is a kind of reasoning that allows for the possibility that the conclusion is false even where all of the premises are true
Term
deductive logic
Definition
Deductive reasoning, also called Deductive logic, is reasoning which constructs or evaluates deductive arguments. Deductive arguments are attempts to show that a conclusion necessarily follows from a set of premises
Term
logical evidence 
Definition
 is the evidence that is derived from either of this process.
Term
empirical evidence
Definition
Empirical research is research that derives its data by means of direct observation or experiment, such research is used to answer a question or test a hypothesis
Term
anecdotal evidence
Definition
The expression anecdotal evidence has two distinct meanings
Term
ad hominem
Definition
(of an argument or reaction) Arising from or appealing to the emotions and not reason or logic
Term
culture
Definition
The arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively
Term
logical fallacy 
Definition
a fallacy in logical argumentation.
Term
credible
Definition
Able to be believed; convincing
Term
grounds
Definition
The solid surface of the earth
Term
refutation
Definition
the speech act of answering an attack on your assertions; "his refutation of the charges was short and persuasive"; "in defense he said the other man started it"
Term
persuasive 
Definition
Good at persuading someone to do or believe something through reasoning or the use of temptation
Term
logos
Definition
(in Jungian psychology) The principle of reason and judgment, associated with the animus
Term
bandwagon
Definition
A particular activity or cause that has suddenly become fashionable or popular
Term
rhetoric
Definition
The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing.
Term
propaganda
Definition
Information, esp. of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view
Term

Proposal

Definition
A plan or suggestion put forward for consideration or discussion by others
Term

Either/or fallacy

Definition
The logical fallacy of false dilemma (also called false dichotomy, the either-or fallacy) involves a situation in which only two alternatives are considered, when in fact there are other options
Term

Antithesis

Definition
A person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else.
Term

Litotes

Definition
Ironical understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary (e.g., you won't be sorry, meaning you'll be glad)
Term

Rebuttal

Definition
A refutation or contradiction.
Term

Equivocation

Definition
evasion: a statement that is not literally false but that cleverly avoids an unpleasant truth.
Term

Ethos

Definition
The characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as seen in its beliefs and aspirations
Term

Media

Definition
The main means of mass communication regarded collectively: "the campaign won media attention".
Term

Euphemism

Definition
A mild or indirect word or expression for one too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing
Term
Irony
Definition
The expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect
Term
paradox
Definition
A statement or proposition that, despite sound (or apparently sound) reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory
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