Term
|
Definition
| This is where the statements go around and around in circles. Nothing is proven and no new information is stated. Synonyms all around. Usually start with "clearly" or "obviously" explaining something |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Mature name calling." This diverts attention away from the facts of an argument. It does it by attacking the opposing person's personal character |
|
|
Term
| Hasty Generalization/Sweeping Generalization |
|
Definition
| This is the same as jumping to conclusions. Generalizations are made/conclusions are reached based on too little evidence |
|
|
Term
| False Dichotomy/False Dilemma/ Either/Or |
|
Definition
| Suggests that there are only two options, even though there may be others. there is no grey or middle ground |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the focus on an argument changes to divert the audience from the actual issue. Like nixon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This is where assumptions are made when two events occur close together, that the 1st has to be the cause of the second. Both events must have happened. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when the statement doesn't logically follow a previous statement. But, if the statement had details filled in, the two sentences would make sense. Like going from A to D and skipping B and C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The notion that if one person gives an inch someone will take a mile. Like the camel's nose in the tent. If the nose of the camel enters the tent one assumes that the whole camel will soon follow. CHAIN REACTION over crazy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Based on the person you are arguing with. It oversimplifies the opposition's views, like saying that the straw man "doesn't have a brain" since it's stuffed with straw. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
claim -> grounds -> warrant
You only use one fact to back up grounds because you don't want to use all of your information at once just in case you are rejected with you warrant the first time. Your claim stays the same but you grounds and warrant change. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
syllogisms, enthymemes (though considered inductive reasoning) goes from general to specific.
Major premise (general truth)
Minor premise (more focused fact derived from MP)
Conclusion: Ab = cd |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
claim grounds warrant (toulmin)
type of inductive going down (deductive going up)
-Based on observation and opinion, though logical |
|
|
