Term
|
Definition
| The cooperative activity of developing and advancing arguments of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A claim advanced with reason or reasons in its support |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A society composed of groups who see the world from different perspectives, value different activities, hold different religious beliefs, and aspire to different goals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The activity of promoting or opposing an idea in public settings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Justify, Persuasion, Inquiry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Defending a point of view, not necessarily trying to persuade. Explanatory function. Maintains sens of being a rational person. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rhetorical function of arguments. Involves strategies, evidence, emotional appeals, etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Investigative function. You get exposed to other ideas and you trust what you thought you already knew. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The agreement to engage in the cooperative process of argumentation rather than to resolve disagreement by other means. |
|
|
Term
| Sources of agreement in argument: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| agreement on the rules or guidelines according to which argumentation will take place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Words and phrases such as because and therefore that provide important clues about the reasons and conclusions in an argument. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Words and phrases that signal something other than a reason or a conclusion, and the context of an argument |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A statement that acknowledges the existance of an argument, evidence, or an attitude opposing the conclusion being advanced |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A statement advanced for the purpose of establishing a claim |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reasons that consist of beliefs, values, assumptions, or generalizations that link evidence to a conclusion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A claim that has been reached by a process of reasoning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A reason rooted in observation which can be shown true or false |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A claim that can potentially be verified as either true or false |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Statements that advance judgements about morality, beauty, merit, or wisdom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Statement that urge that an action be taken or discontinued. |
|
|
Term
| Complementary (or dependent) reasons |
|
Definition
| Pairs of reasons that must work together to lend support to their conclusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A conclusion of an argument that is then used as a reason |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A process in which the conclusion of an argument is beyond its stated evidence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Arguments that lead to necessary conclusions when their reasons are true. Involves moving from general to specific cases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The agreement to accept the argument as presented, that is to find it persuasive, or at least lacking in any major flaw. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The clarity of language and its use of terms in the same way throughout the argument. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The strength and accuracy of the argument's evidence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A solid internal structure that allows for reasonable connections between evidence and conclusions in an argument. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An agreement to think about the argument further to with hold any final judgement about its quality for the time being. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A counter argument, a reasoned answers that addresses specific points made or evidence advanced in the original argument. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thoroughly successful response to an argument, one that clearly demonstrates a damaging flaw to the satisfaction of a relatively objective listener or reader |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A dismissal of an argument without serious consideration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a fidelity to what is the case, a tendency not willingly mislead, and generally a regard for what is or what we take to be true. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A willingness to accept the risks associated with open advocacy one's position is unpopular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A willingness to engage the argumentative process so that just a resolution of the issues can be achieved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A regard for others as reasoning persons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spaces, venues, and relationship in which arguments are made and heard |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Personal qualities that assists us in making ethically good choices both as advocates and as audience members. |
|
|
Term
| General Criteria of any reasonable argument: |
|
Definition
| Support, validity, and linguistic consistency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The strength and accuracy of the argument's evidence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a solid internal structure that allows for reasonable connections between evidence and conclusions in an argument. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The clarity of its language and its use of terms in the same way throughout the argument. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| availability of the evidence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A reputation for accuracy and reliability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The requirement that evidence must not contradict itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The requirement that evidence must not be sharply at odds with either the majority of evidence from other sources or with the best evidence from other sources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The requirement that the evidence must be up to date and not superseded by more timely evidence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Whether the evidence advanced has any bearing on the argument's conclusion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The evidence presented, when taken together, is sufficient to support its claim. |
|
|
Term
| Ordinary or Lay testimony |
|
Definition
| A report of personal observation, experience, or opinion on a topic not requiring special expertise. |
|
|
Term
| Ordinary or Lay testimony |
|
Definition
| A report of personal observation, experience, or opinion on a topic not requiring special expertise. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The judgement or opinion or a qualified specialist in a discipline about matters relevant to that discipline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Not consistent with other sources, or no other sources available. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Testimony is consistent with other available sources of testimony on the topic. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Testimony from individuals who stand to gain if what they say is accepted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Testimony from sources who will lose something as a result of their testimony |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A condition without which another event cannot occur.
(not necessarily true) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition that will bring about another event |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An argument built around an If then statement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An argument that presents limited options, enumerated alternatives, or disjuncts, marked by an either or statement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A disjunctive argument that forces a choice between limited and undesirable options |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An argument that sets out alternative explanations or options and then follows a process of elimination. |
|
|
