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| uniform standards of construction originating in NYC in 1916 to protect the health, welfare and safety of people. Regulates the use of land, light, air, and open space while protecting property values and protecting against nuisances (factories in residential areas), undesirable businesses (porn shops by schools) and dangers (hazardous chemicals in public areas). |
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| encourages private developers to provide amenities for public use in exchange for opportunity to build larger or taller structures on a site. |
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| building is no longer permitted by the zoning ordinance. Typically allowed to stay unless it’s unsafe. |
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| a building that is permitted in an area that it is not zoned for, to benefit the public (e.g.: an elementary school in a residential neighborhood) |
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| applied for by an owner on a private site to ask to deviate from an ordinance in order to avoid hardship. |
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| a change in the zoning ordinance for a particular area |
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| required open space measured between property line and face of building. Used to preserve light, air, and spaciousness |
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| utilized by communities principally to achieve planned street patterns. They help insure that buildings will not be erected in the bed of projected streets or of potential street widenings. |
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| legal right of government or another land owner to use one’s property for a specific purpose |
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| Prevents development that upsets something scenic to the public |
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| Building code that specifies techniques, materials and methods to be used. Cut and dry and simple to administer by the official |
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| Building code that describes functional requirements, but leave method to achieve decisions up to the designer. |
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| values for how long a separation can resist the passage of fire. Stated in terms of hours and can be increased with the use of sprinklers. (eg: walls, doors, windows, floors, etc.) |
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| Flame Spread Rating/Smoke Developed Ratings |
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Definition
| measures the amount of flame and smoke a material generates. (e.g. Carpet, fabrics, etc) |
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| a location designed to hold occupants when evacuation is not safe or possible. Has a steady supply of outside air, passive fire protection, electrical integrity/ emergency lighting, two way communication/call box to 24 hr manned, or outside line |
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| Egress - Typical common path of travel |
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Definition
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| Egress - Typical distance to an exit |
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Definition
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| Egress - Exits can not pass through: |
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Definition
Kitchens
Storerooms
Closets
Spaces with similar purposes
Rooms that can be locked to prevent egress |
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Definition
Required in buildings over 75’-0” (one exit, minimum)
Non combustible construction that is connected with mechanically vented vestibules on backup power or balconies |
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Term
Ventilation Systems
• Minimize the circulation of smoke by: |
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Definition
• Isolating the circulation system of each fire area
• Shifts from normal to top exhaust when there’s a fire
• Increasing air pressure to prevent flow of smoke and fumes |
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• Required for buildings with 3 or more stories
• Must be in working order during construction |
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| continuously pressurized with water from a public supply. Hose cabinets are located at fixed distances, and hoses can be operated by occupants |
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Definition
| not connected to a constant water supply, the firemen connect to an outside hose connection point. Cabinets are located in smoke proof stiar towers and hoses are used by firemen |
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| both wet and dry. Must deliver 35 gallons/minute from each of two outlets simultaneously. |
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| Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) |
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Definition
| law that prohibits discrimination based on disability |
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Term
| Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA) |
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Definition
| professional organization that for commercial real estate professionals |
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| law that prohibits housing discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status, and national origin. |
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| US Department of Housing and Urban Development |
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Wheelchair Passage Width |
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Definition
| 32” clr at a point/36” clr continuous |
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
2 Wheelchair Passing Width |
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Definition
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Headroom |
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Definition
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Wheel Chair Turning Space |
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Definition
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Clear floor space |
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Definition
| 2’-6” wide x 4’-0” long min |
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Changes in levels |
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Definition
1/4” max w/o edge treatment
Beveled Edge Ok = 1/4” – 1/2” w/ 1:2 max slope
Requires Ramp = 1/2” or more |
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Doors |
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Definition
| 32” clr min when open 90 deg |
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Shallow Closet Doors |
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Definition
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Door approach clearance |
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| 1’-6” clr on pull side of door |
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Ramps |
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Definition
Slope = 1:20 min to 1:12 max
Width = 3’-0” wide
Length = 30’-0” max
Landings = 5’-0” at each end (width of ramp)
2 Handrails = If rise is +6” or run is +72” |
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Handrails |
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Definition
Handrail Height = 34” min - 38” max
Handrail Cross Section = 1-1/4” - 2” and 1-1/2” clr from wall
Stairways = 48” clr between hand rails min
Handrail Extension = 12” past top and 12”+ 1 tread bottom |
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Walkways |
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Definition
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ADA - Dimensional Standards
Curb Cuts |
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Definition
| 3’-0” flared sides:1:10 max/front 1:12 |
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Term
ADA - Dimensional Standards
Parking Spaces |
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Definition
Car Parking Space = 9’-0” wide min with 5’-0” wide aisle
Van Parking Space = 11’-0” wide min
Parking Space Location = 200’-0” max from building entrancew/5’-0” wide aisle
7 - 50 car lot = 2 accessible spaces
51 - 100 car lot = 3 accessible spaces
101 - 150 car lot = 5 accessible spaces |
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