Term
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Definition
Carnac – Dolmen & Menhir
Carnac, France
3rd millennium BCE
Unknown
Dolmen - big rock placed on top of two other rocks; “trabeated sepulcher"
Menhir - lone, stand-alone upright rocks, typically in rows or striations across land |
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Term
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Definition
Temples of Malta (Ggantija)
Malta
ca. 3rd millennium BCE
Unknown
Butterfly/clover shaped, one major and one minor compartment/shape, stone walls |
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Term
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Definition
Terra Amata
Monte Carlo
ca. 400,000 BCE
Unknown
Prehistoric hut… dome with sticks and two columns |
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Term
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Definition
Cave Paintings
Lascaux, France
ca. 10,000 BCE
Unknown
Big bull/herd animal shapes in reds/oranges/browns;
Cave plan underground; rather large scale paintings |
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Term
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Definition
Stonehenge
Salisbury, England
2750 BCE
Unknown
Duh;
Additional circles within made after initial construction; surrounded by moat, evident in ground contour |
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Term
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Definition
Ziggurat at Ur-Nammu
Ur (now Iraq)
ca. 2000 BCE
Unknown
Babylonian, stepped structures with temple high up; religious but civilly important as well; towered above others |
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Term
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Definition
Khirokitia
Cyprus (island)
ca. 5500 BCE
(city)
In plan view, line with tightly compacted circles; something about not wanting to stray too far, to be centralized... |
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Term
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Definition
Oval Temple
Khafaje (Iraq)
ca. 2650 BCE
Unknown
Reconstruction detail; two major "ovals" evident |
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Term
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Definition
Cuneiform tablet
Near East
(Rise of the City lecture) |
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