Term
| Early Christian Architecture |
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Definition
-Constantine issued the Edict of Milan, which made Christianity the official religion (313 CE)
-They needed buildings to accomodate large congregations, began building Basilicas
-Famous Basilicas: Old St. Peter's, Santa Maria Maggiore
-Built Martyriums to mark holy sites |
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-Issued by the emperor Constantine in 313 CE
-Proclaimed toleration for all religions of the Roman Empire
-made Christianity in effect the state religion |
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Definition
-In Roman architecture, a hall used for public administration.
-A rectangular building that has a central section with a higher nave (taller central space) flanked by lower aisles on both long sides.
-An apse (semicircular projection) was set at one or both of the shorter ends.
-Adapted by Early Christians for church design, replacing one apse with an entrance, establishing the processional axis as the main length of the building, and placing the altar in the apse.
-Entered from the East (rising sun, birth of Christ, baptisim) and faced the West (altar, Last Supper, setting sun)
-Occidented
-Constantinian basilicas in Rome usually had wooden trusses for roofs, were lit by clerestory windows, and were covered in mosaics. |
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| In basilicas, the long high central space. |
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| In basilicas, the aisles that flank the central nave. |
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-Location: Rome, Italy
-Constructed: 320 C.E.
-Built for the emperor Constantine
-Began as a martyrium marking the tomb of St. Peter |
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| Large open courtyard, surrounded by covered galleries, which preceeded the entrance to the church. |
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| The north and south arms of a basilican church. |
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-Covered walls in basilicas
-Decorations made by embedding small cubes of glass or precious stones in plaster. |
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| In basilicas, high windows placed in the area of wall between the roof of the outer aisles and the roof of the nave. |
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Definition
-Location: Dura-Europos, Syria
-Constructed: 230 C.E.
-Currently the earliest (known) christian church
[image] |
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| City Plan of Dura-Europos |
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Definition
Three Main Buildings:
1) Mithraeum
2) Synagogue
3) Christian House-Church |
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| Defensive embankment in Dura-Europos |
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| Jewish synagogue located in Dura-Europos, between the Mithraeum and the Christian House-Church. |
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| Colossal Statue of Constantine |
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Definition
-Constructed: 307-312 C.E.
[image] |
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-Artist: Piero della Francesca
-c. 1452
[image] |
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| Designation given to a church that contains the seat or cathedra of a bishop. |
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| the curving passageway behind the choir of a church, often used to connect the radiating chapels. |
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| the entrance porch or chamber before the nave of the church |
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| a spherical triangle that transforms a square bay into a circle for the springing of a dome. |
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| on a classical column, the stone set directly over the capital. |
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| Charlemagne (Carolus Magnus or Charles the Great) |
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Definition
-Reigned 742(?)-814
-King of the Franks, Emperor of the Romans
-Client of Palatine Chapel |
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Definition
-Location: Aachen, Germany
-c. 792-805 AD
-Architect: Odo of Metz
-Client: Charlemagne
[image][image]
[image]
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Definition
-c.820
-never actually constructed
[image][image] |
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| Abbey Church of Saint-Sernin |
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Definition
Latin Cross Plan
Toulouse, France
Begun: 1080 AD
[image] |
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Definition
Location: Cluny, France
Built: 1088 AD
Monastery
[image] |
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Definition
Location: Laon, France
Constructed: 1155-1205
[image][image][image]
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Location: Ravenna, Italy
Begun 526, Completed 538-548
Most known for mosaics depicting bible stories
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