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Archaic Period
Archaic Period of Greek art: 600 - 480 BCE
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Art History
Undergraduate 1
03/22/2012

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Term
Archaic Period
Definition
600 - 480 BCE

* Construction of the oldest peripteral Doric and Ionic temples.
* First life-size stone statues with "Archaic smiles"
* Innovations in black- and red-figure vase painting.
Term
Peristyle
Definition
external colonnade (row of columns) on all four sides
Term
Naos (Cella)
Definition
Main room with a cult statue
Term
Pronaos
Definition
the outside porch, room before the Naos
Term
Anta
Definition

pre-

The rear room on a Greek temple that balances the prenaos.

Term
Opistho-domos
Definition
It's there just to balance the Pronaos, Greeks like symmetry
Term
Sterobate
Definition
2 bottom steps
Term
Stylobate
Definition
level on which columns stand, a.k.a. the top step
Term
Doric
Definition
People who lived on the mainland
Term
Ionic
Definition
people who lived on islands, the far east coast of Greece, or by the sea
Term
Capital
Definition
The top area of the column where the abacus, volute and echinus are located
Term
Triglyph
Definition
Replacing the frieze along the top of Doric temples, alternates with metopes, section styled with three beam segments, holding up a roof.
Term

Metope

(meh-toh-pee)

Definition
Spaces with sculpture that run along the top of a Doric temple, alternates with triglyphs.
Term
Abacus
Definition
Square brick shape at the very top of a column, separating the volute and the architrave. The abacus combined with the volute is called the capital.
Term

Echinus

(ek-en-es)

Definition
A rounded, squished mushroom shape piece at the top of a Doric column. It's below the abacus and above the necking and column of drums.
Term
Pediment
Definition
The triangle shape on a temples gable that has artwork
Term
Cornice
Definition
The decorative molding that separates a frieze with a pediment on a Ionic Temple.
Term
Raking cornice
Definition
The decorative molding along the top of the pediment on Ionic and Hellenistic temples.
Term
Frieze
Definition
The horizontal line of art or decorative molding under the pediment on Ionic and Hellenistic temples.
Term
Acroterion
Definition
A 3D decorative piece on the top corner of the pediment on Doric temples. Where a gargoyle would be placed.
Term
Flutes
Definition
Vertical groves carved into columns on Greek temples. Doric flutes run the entire length. Ionic/Corinthian columns have flutes rounds at the top and bottom.
Term
Column
Definition
On Ionic temples, the long fluted shaft combined with the decorative scrolled capital make a column.
Term
Volute
Definition
The scrolled piece at the top of Ionic columns, below the abacus and above the column. The volute combined with the abacus is called the capital.
Term
Architrave
Definition
The bottom of the 'roof' section on Greek temples. It's below the triglyphs/metopes on Doric temples and below the frieze on Ionic temples.
Term
[image]
Definition
Peristyle - external colonnade (row of columns) on all four sides
Cella (Naos) - Main room with a cult statue
Pronaos - the outside porch, room before the Naos
Columns in antis - hold up the roof
Opistho-domos - It's there just to balance the Pronaos, Greeks like symmetry
Sterobate - 2 bottom steps
Stylobate - level on which columns stand, the top step
Anta - pre-
Term
Archaic Period
Definition
ARCHAIC PERIOD 600 - 480 BCE


* Construction of the oldest peripteral Doric and Ionic temples.
* First life-size stone statues with "Archaic smiles"
* Innovations in black- and red-figure vase painting.
Term
[image]
Definition
Doric Order
Capital - (the column)
Abacus - square brick shape
Echinus - at the top of a column, rounded, squished mushroom shape. Always on Doric columns.
Triglyph - Part of the Frieze, styled three beams in a segment, holding up a roof.
Metope - Blank space in-between triglyph
Pediment - The triangle at the top, the raised roof.
Raking Cornice -
Cornice -
Frieze - The top face of the roof
Flutes - Grooves in a column, Doric columns have flutes that go all the way down to the ground and are sharper pointed at the top

Ionic Order
Base - Bottom added to columns in the Ionic order
Drums - round cylinders stacked on top of each other to create columns.
Flutes - Grooves that are in the columns, Ionic column have flutes rounded at the top and bottom.
Abacus - Plate/dish shape piece above the Volute on an Ionic column.
Volute - Scroll shaped piece at the top of an Ionic column.
Architrave - Bottom, front face of the roof, only has 3 lines.
Frieze - doesn't have triglyph or metope, flat plane where sculpture is added.
Term
[image]
Definition
Temple of Hera I ("Basilica", looking NE), Paestum (ancient Poseidonia), Italy, c. 550 BCE, 80'x170'.
South of Naples and Pompeii.
Columns have entasis, a slight swelling at the center of the column.
Early temples the columns were close together because they weren't sure how to support the roof.
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