Term
Primitive Hominins:
Four Species |
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Definition
1.) Orrorin tugenisis
2.) Ardipithecus ramidus
3.) Australopithecus anamenis
4.) Australopithecus afarensis |
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Term
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Definition
(Specialized)
1.) A. aithiopicus
2.) A. boisei
3.) A. robustus |
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Term
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Definition
(Less Specialized)
1.) A. africanus
2.) A. garhi - likely to be 1st to use stone tools |
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Term
| Ist Homo to develop Acheulean Industry |
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Definition
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Term
| Best Known Archaic Humans and Stone Tool Industry Associated With |
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Definition
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Term
| When do modern humans first appear? |
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Definition
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Term
| When do non-modern humans disappear? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Archaeological period, 2.5mya-10kya, "the old stone age," lasts until the invention of agriculture |
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Term
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Definition
1.) Upper- 2.5mya to 120kya, Oldawon(2.5mya-250kya) Acheulean(1.7mya-120kya)
2.) Middle- 300kya to 30kya Mousterian
3.) Upper- 40kya to 10kya Aurgancian |
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Term
| Who was first to make the Oldowan tools? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the characteristic artifact of the Acheulean Industry? |
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Definition
| Acheulean Hand Ax, 1st made by Homo erectus |
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Term
| Difference between early and late Acheulean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Levallois technique? |
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Definition
| Prepared core technology used during the Middle Paleolithic, recognized by tortoise shaped cores |
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Term
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Definition
| Stone tool technology used during the Middle Paleolithic, associated with Neanderthals |
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Term
| Which two archaeologists are at the center of the "Mousterian Debate?" |
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Definition
1.) Francois Bordes
-5 assemblage types, dif groups w/ same problem w/ dif strategies
2.) Lewis Binford
-same group w/ dif problems w/ dif strategies |
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Term
| What is the first true Upper Paleolithic industry in Europe? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Period of the earliest modern humans in Africa. No agriculture. 300kya-40kya |
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Term
| When was Australia colonized? |
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Definition
| Between 50kya and 60kya. Nauwalabila I |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the megafauna? What happened to them? |
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Definition
| Large animals during the Pleistocene. They became extinct with the end of the Pleistocene because of increased seasonality. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dental pattern found in modern Native Americans and modern North East Asians. (Christy Turner) (Shoveled teeth) |
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Term
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Definition
| Land bridge that connected Asia and North American during times of low sea level. |
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Term
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Definition
| Earliest known pre-clovis site in the Americas. Found in Chile. Dates to 15kya. |
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Term
| What is Meadowcroft Rockshelter? |
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Definition
| Pre-clovis site in Pennsylvania dated to 23kya-15kya. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kill-site in Colorado, continuous bed of bison bones. |
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Term
| What does radiation refer to? |
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Definition
| Biological term for a period when there is a rapid increase in the number of species in a single lineage. |
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Term
| What fossil species was proven to be a fraud? |
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Definition
| Piltdown man & Kama Takamori |
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Term
| What is the name for the earliest stone tool tradition? |
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Definition
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Term
| By what method can volcanic ash be dated? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the first hominin species outside of Africa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does phylogeny mean? |
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Definition
| evolutionary history of a species |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Geological era that began 1.8mya and is characterized by the frequent build up and retreat of continental ice sheets. (The Ice Age) |
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Term
| What are the theories for the evolution of Neanderthals? |
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Definition
1.) Neanderthals and modern humans evolved separately from populations of Homo erectus.
2.) The common ancestor of modern humans and Neanderthals was a distinct species that itself evolved from Homo erectus.
3.) Neanderthals and modern humans did not evolve in isolation; rather, there was a constant exchange of genetic material |
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Term
| Evidence for controlled fires comes from what sites? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the recovery of a hyoid bone from Kebara suggest? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which cultural period is associated with Neanderthals? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Prepared-core technology used during the Middle Paleolithic, recognized by tortoise-shaped cores. |
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Term
| What are the features that distinguish Neanderthals from modern humans? |
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Definition
| DNA, Skull structure, etc |
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Term
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Definition
| Site with the earliest known cave paintings in France. |
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Term
| What is the Nenana culture? |
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Definition
| Earliest culture in Beringia, 14-12,800kya |
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Term
| What is the Kennewick man? |
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Definition
| Skeleton fossil found in Washington. Subject of ownership debate. |
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