San Francisco de Assis Mission Church, Ranchos de Taos, New Mexico, 1772

-economical institutions

-concentration of natives

-local building traditions instead of European codes; use of Adobe (clay mud brick), ladders
-vegas emerge out
-plan resembles latin cross plan (transcept/nave) although it is not traditional. extra thick adoba walls act as buttresses 

- Mission: conversion to catholicism. Near natives on boarder.

- only settlers who incorporate local architectural styles

- adobe reaplpied every year. Comes from traditional pueblos that use adobe

Santa Barbara Mission, 1786 

Temple front (pediment), colonnade, copy of the virtruvius man in the library
-corinthian colossal orders with slender ionic capitals (feminine attribute)
-place for military purposes, more strict missions

- coloonnade s reminiscent of hospital of innocence

-portico, ionic capitals on pillasters

- no vernacular traditions 

New Orleans Plan, Le Blond de La Tour, 1721 

-grid (squares) = rationalizing strcuture to organize the city 
-organize the west, reconstruction plan
-combo of military and baroque plan, long axis (resembles Sixtus V's plan). Because there is a strict grid but there is a dramatic plaza that breaks the grid to point towards the centerpoint. 

-  French colonnial planning in Louisiana. 

Parlange Plantation, 1750, French Colonnial (The South)

-main floor is raised to accommadate the winds and to support veranada

-hierarchy of space
-doric columns in veranada made out of bricks

- basment= made out of brick

Planned Cities: Philadelphia,1682 and New Haven, 1748 

- Nine square grid city in New Haven

- central axis

- Grid in Philly 

- Planned as opposed to organic Boston 

Old Ship Meeting House, Hingham, MA, 1681

-puritians-hostile environment towards extravagance

-wood structure; hostile to architecture, wasn't about beauty or decoration

-new invention type (church and town hall combined small pulpit and aisle, pues are more decorated

-curved timber roof; interior resembles an upside down ship

- architecture about usefulness not extravagance

- Meeting House: Invention of new building type. Church + town hall combined

- no shape or programmatic program of a church

- there is a pulpit and aisle but its not significant

-celining no two beams are alike

Parson Capen House, Topsfield, MA, 1680s 

-vernacular american architecture saltbox 

-two sides: parlor (public space for guests) and hall(private space for family)

-segregation of different functions

-utilize construction system, set dimensions of timbers)

- plan is simple. one chimney two sides

King’s Chapel, Boston, Peter Harrison, 1749-54

-neo palladian in the Americans

-triglyph, pediment, two temple fronts, metapese, dori columns

-portico is made out of wood

-steeples are missing

-Georgian Style: Inigo Jones and other English architects made pattern books Symmetrical and calassical Dominant architecture trend leading up to Revolutionary wars. Wood cut to look like stone. 

-1st stone church in America

-No steeple but it was supposed to have one

-modest construction

Monticello, Thomas Jefferson, Virginia, 1768-82

- neoclassical architectural style 
-ancient values of democracy
-colonial red brick
-influenced by Palladio; rotunda at the center
-bedroom: office is on one side, public space on another

- Greek revival

-portico, monumental colonnade, brick

- looks like one story but it's multiple

-referencing working farm villas

Virginia State House, Thomas Jefferson, Richmond, 1785

-Temple front, portico, pediment, pilasters, collosal ionic columns

-carbon copy of the Maisson Carree, Nimes cubic architecture

- Roman precedent.

University of Virginia, Thomas Jefferson, Virginia, 1817-26

-first public university (largest building project at time)

-secular church of freedom of the human mind

- 2 rows of pavilions (large lawn)

-Palladian: colonnades, ionic w/details

-concave (serpentine walls), picturesque

-allegorical pavilions represent the division of power

- series of pavillions around lawn, each pavillion is for a different professor. They live above and teach below 

-Rotunda= library= pantheon. except its half the size of the pantheon

Plan of Washington DC, Pierre Charles l'Enfant, 1791

-central axis w/ axial streets
-east-west axis is the mall/capital
-underlying grid with diagonal cuts( north/south is the white house)

-grid is not pure. French architect

-baroque diagonal cuts to focus on monuments in city 

Massachusetts State House, Charles Bulfinch, Boston, 1795-97 

-colonnade (Brick), portico
-dome (grey) was painted gold after world war II

- model of English buildings

-different functions of government, all getting their own room. 

Ruins of the Most Beautiful Monuments of Greece, J.D. Leroy, 1758 

-Book which provided concepts about creating new architecture inspire by the past instead of coping them.
-Introduction of Neoclassical language
-shows drawings of unrefined classical ruins

-picturesque atmospheric views of Greek ruins

-architecture is a way to understand larger culture

Antiquities of Athens, James Stuart and Nicholas Revett, 1762

-authority in representation 
-discovering new concepts inspired by classical architecture; drawings were more refined

-more archaeological approach, importance of precision and accuaracy. 

Roman Antiquities, Giovanni Battista Piranesi, 1756

-images of the city used to documented the city as it was used chiaroscuro to showcase the scenes of light. 
-distinct antiquities shown
-This increased the drama in the architecture

-chiaroscura: big difference in light and dark (contrast for drama)

On the Magnificence of Roman Architecture, 1761, Piranesi

-concept of visionary architecture which became his most important contribution
-drawings; images of the city used to documented the city as it was used chiaroscuro to showcase the scenes of light. It increased drama. 
-distinct antiquities shown (like colosseum)

Carceri, Giovanni Battista Piranesi, 1750 

-Imaginary Prisons
-concept of visionary architecture which became his most important contribution
-no rules of proportion or reality or archeology
-pure invention, imagination, and use of many architectural languages 

- Piranesi combines the decoractive vocab of Etruscan, Greek, and Egyptian

Syon House, outside London, Robert Adam, 1762 

-neoclassicism; rejects the palladian revival (he hates palladio), but inspired by Roman antiquity
-utilizes notion of Greek, Roman, movement and picturesque qualities. 
-medeival corner towers pays hommage to tradition but they are greatly reduced
-each room is unique and different, unlike palladio (no proportion)
-hall-similar to Roman basilica
-free standing screens inserted columns in the rooms

-largely an interior project

-sequence of highly figured rooms

-there is an abstracted triumphal arch interior

- Adam's makes a square out of a room that is not a square

Bank of England, London, John Soane, 1788

-neoclassical, fusion of France, English Picturesque, classical language
-windowless facade (due to riots)
irregular site
Bank Stock Office- shallow vaults, minimal & non-ornamental, light comes from top 
no capitals on the pilasters
Tivoli Corner- sensationalism of light's effect on bodies
-shown as a ruin
-emphasize experience and movement

-not following any rules

-no rationalization or order

-shallow vault, hollow space

-beauitful arches, clean lines, no capitals on pillasters

Soane House, 13 Lincoln's Inn Fields, John Soane, 1812-37

-lack of order and symmetry (sculptures everywhere)
-Breakfast room- no hierarchy of space
-shallow dome w/ a bit of ornamentation
-emphasize space within space (floating, sensations)
-Apeture of axis withing the building
-secret room opens up

-more of a museum than a house

East Facade of the Louvre, Paris, Claude Perrault (with Louis Le Vau and Charles Lebrun), 1667-70

-Classical order is the dominant presence 
-use of symmetry and order
-pediment low and triumphal arch in the center
-free standing corinthian coupled columns side ends slightly protrudes with pilasters
-Bernini made an unsuccessful design of this
Boston Library pretty much copied it

-calling into question the rules of Vitruvius 

-although he didn't believe the laws were absolute his his architecture  was still classical looking

-arbitrary beauty: staying true to style

-positive beauty: (customary)

-coupled free standing columns

-referenced classical and gothic orders

Essay on Architecture, Second Edition, Abbe Laugier, 1755

-a search for the initial origin of architecture 
-trees shaped like architectural columns
-woman holds a compass and right angle
-ionic columns in ruins

-primitive hut: the trees are shaped like a house. triangle pediment on top with 4 columns

- simplicity= beauty

-go back to primitive huts

-Greek is closest to primitive hut 

Ste. Genevieve (Pantheon), Jacques-Germain Soufflot, 1757-90

-gothic sensebility of lightness

- looks Greek

- combo of Greek architecture and lightness of gothic building

-freestanding column

-clean and simple outside

-some what of a cross plan 

-triple dome

-straight entableture 

Anatomy Theater or School of Surgery (Ecole de Chirurgie), Jacques Gondoin, 1769-74

-neoclassical
-located on an urban street
-triumphal arch shoved in colonnade, temple front, pediment
-lecture hall (hybrid) resemble Greek collusium, semi-circular, oculus at the top
-high ceiling dome (triple dome)

-colonnade

-combination of pantheon and greek theater 

Saltworks, Claude- Nicolas Ledous, 1773-79

-visonary architecture
architecture parlant: speaking architecture (statues of water flowing out speaks to usage of building) The building tells you its function. 
-production of salt
-rationalized plan
-saltblocks are heavy, baseless doric

-director of salt lived in center

-symmetry

-monumental entry: heavy big columns (industrial)

Plan of Chaux, Claude-Nicolas Ledoux, 1775-79

-visionary 
-buildings arranged according to a rational geometry and a hierarchical relation between the parts of the project
- only half of the plan was completed
-director's house is in the center, to each side are the big evaporator buildings, around that are the worker's homes - extremely hierarchical, on the columns of the buildings 
-circular plan, vertical axis

Design for a Metropolitan Cathedral, Etienne-Louis Boullee, 1781

-perfecting Soufflot's Pantheon

-obsessed with regularity and symmetry 

-what is the effect architecture has on people? 

Design for the National Library, Etienne-Louis Boullee, 1784

-Free standing colonnade, books stacked in layers

- coiffered ceiling

-building should relate to function

Cenotaph for Sir Issac Newton, Etienne-Louis Boullee, 1784

- huge sphere

- it is only a drawing, it was never made

-modern planetariums are based off of this design

- during the day you go into a dark space and the ceiling is like a star map with specks of light

-during the night it's illuminated and very bright in the interior

Panopticon, Jeremy Bentham, 1785

-Prison. Guard in the center of the circle. Cells all around the circle.

-prisoners can't tell if the guard is looking at them or not because of the glare of light coming from the center. 

-visionary

-prisoners feel like they are are always being watched. 

Crystal Palace, Joseph Paxton, London, 1851 

-Skeletal construction (cast Iron was used to mold the structure)
-competition for the first world fair; used for national pride (English Pride)
-inspire by greenhouses (extensive use of glass) 
-(1851 ft long, 18 arces)
-wasn't meant to be permanent, yet it integrated large scale engineering principles including a drainage system
-cross aisle, barrel-vaulted w/ rounded archs

- cast iron/wrought iron: most important material. Iron can be stretched it's good for skeletons (better than stone). Cast= poured into a cast and formed. cast is better to build with (can be compressed) wrought iron= good for beams.

-show cased profucts from all around the world

- long center aisle with small cross aisle (desire to be like religious architecture) 

- some ornamentation 

- the material allowed the building to be made relatively quick 

Bibliotheque Ste. Genevieve, Henri Labrouste, Paris, 1842-1850

-neoclassism
-repetitive bays, pillasters, piano noble

-inside there is a dramatic shift. stone facade, iron frame interior

-public library

-slender iron columns in the middle

- library becomes monumental church

-names of authors inscribed on outside where the book shevles are located on the inside 

Assembly Hall, Eugene-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc, 1872

-drawing; analyzing Gothic architecture (use of flying buttresses)to create something new

-rationality, animal skeleton in relation to the structural system using iron(theory)

-wrought iron bracket

-the form is telling your what it's doing structurally

-column is not a decoration it's a support, doors are people height (not monumental)

-never built

Wainwright Building, Adler and Sullivan, 1890-91 

-neoclassical
-vertical tripartial elements which resembles a column(base, shaft, capital) 
turning to nature for ornamentation
-cladding steel frame with red; grid frame shows the facade
-10 story building (considered tall at the time)
vertical emphasis, colossal orders, classical cornus

-new steel frame building that wasn't as heavy as stone masonry

-new elevators and telephones

-covering steel frame with red brick

-looking to nature for inspiration

-new kind of capital 

Altes Museum, Karl Freidrich Schinkel, Berlin, 1828 

-revival and nationalism (shows the power of the Prussian government

-first purpose built museum in the world

-inspired by the stoa; open colonnade in the entry

-center rotunda two courtyards; symmetric

-double layered Corinthian columns

-looked to pantheon and ancient greece 

-presents the story of architecture

-canal on one side trees on other meant to be a scene in the city 

-creates a stoa (open colonnade), Public space created in public museum

Bauakademie, Karl Freidrich Schinkel, Berlin, 1836

-interior courtyard
-true masonry, framing system (grid system infill structure)
-use of terracotta and vaults
-shops on ground floor
-school of architecture, across from palace
-taking ordinary and make it noble

-architecture academy

-no true front

-frame system piers, that were structural, were made first

"Contrasts", A.W. Pugin, 1836 

-Gothic Architecture
-response to the golden age of the Gothic church
-anti industrial buildings

-text, nostalgic about how life was in the medieval ages

-wanted to go back to medeival ages in sense of religion and architecture 

-critique of contemporary saw it as dirty as dirty and polluted 

Oxford Museum, Deane and Woodward with John Ruskin, 1855-1861

-gothic architecture; anti-industrial era
-importance of craft
-cast iron columns w/ didactic tools (used to teach about plants and animals)
-capitals casted by hands

- gothic= craftsmen

-antiquity= slave labor

-bases beliefs off of social conditions of the time

-anti-industrial building

-morality of gothic, greek= too repetitive 

Trinity Church, H.H. Richardson, Boston, 1872-1877 

Richardsonian Romanesque (USA dominating of Architecture) it's a combination of different styles 

-Clay roof, rough stone, heavy archs

-1885 considered best building in the US

Yuanmingyuan: the Summer Palace; Qianlong Emperor, 18th century, Italian Jesuit Giuseppe Castiglionel; Destroyed in Opium war 2, 1860

-first large scale Western Building in China
-destroyed in the Opium war 
-garden (artificial mountains & Chinese gardens)
-only the ruins of the base survived because the building is made of wood)
-symbolic of modernizing Chinese architecture 
-use of pilasters, ornamental columns

- built a series of western buildings, as big as Versailles

-not accessible to common folk 

modes of representation: older way= plans/sections with monumental facades. New way= bird's eye view (shows transition gates= experiential architecture)

Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank, Palmer and Turner, 1921-23

-population in Foreign concessions
-neoclassical renaissance revival
-axiality w/ dome triple triumphal archs
-resemble the Palazzo medici; tiny Greek temple front
-divided into a tripartal horizontal aspect of a column (shaft, base, capital)

- rustification, columns, temple front, tripartite, greatly influenced by west. 

Yale-in-China campus, Henry K. Murphy, Changsha, 1913

-original Chinese forms and principles were utilized
-America funded American universities in China
-use of concrete
-nationalism and modernism
-looks chinese and resembles post and lintel, but made out of concrete

Greater Shanghai Civic Center Plan, Dong Dayou, 1929-37

-greek cross plan, similar to the Basilican Church. plan scaled to the size of urban fabric
-axis towards the water
-only monumental building planning that was carried out
-wide streets for monuments
-2000ft long reflecting pool
-was first the mayor's building
-streets comparable to Sixtus V

-north-south axis= cultural. east-west axis= politics. center has a pagoda

Shanghai City Hall (the Major's building), Dong Dayou, Shanghai, 1933

-used the form to create the facade
-concrete but painted w/ color to mimic the post and lintel structure
-related to the forbidden city
-vernacular style, base (which is usually a solid mass) became programmatic

- windows on base when traditional chinese architecture didn't have it, because concrete allows for base level to no longer be structural. 

Sun Yatsen Mausoleum, Lu Yanzhi, Nanjing  (1925-31)

-emperor burial area
-western symbol on the plan
-use of concrete
-monumental stair leading to the memorial hall
-bell shaped plan (symbolized revolution from the west)
-multi-layer dome; cella, 
-nationalist flag is pointed to the Taiwanese flag

-interior has colors of flag to depict vernacular qualities 

Liang-Chen Scheme for Planning the Administration Center of Beijing, Liang Sicheng and Chen Zhanxiang, 1950 

-urban planning
-heart of Beijing was revolutionzed
Tian'anmen Square
Great hall of the people
-museum of Chinese history and Revolution

The Great Hall of the People, Chairman MZhao Dongri, Shen Qi Zhang Bo, 1958-59

-monumental building that represent the unity of China under communist government
-red star in the middle (communism); small stars represents the people
-each province/city is represented
-colonnade, grand, comparable to Lincoln's Memorial

Minority Culture Palace, Zhang Bo, Sun Peiyao, 1958-59

-influence by soviet classism

Chairman Mao Memorial, Beijing, 1976-77

-scheme was chosen purposely
-similar to Western Architecture
-axis North and South

-looks exactly like Lincoln memorial

-architecture does not speak to national ideals (communism) 

National Grand Theatre, Paul Andreu, 1998-2006 

-celebrate the 10th anniversary
-controversial due to airport aesthetic
-3 theaters tucked into the shell
-concert hall, opera house, theater, general hall

-glass looks like an egg 

Tassel House, Victor Horta, Brussels, 1892-93

-First art nouveau building. Gesamtkunstwerk "Total work of art"
-liberated architecture from classical and Gothic architecture
-no style just nature
-iron on the bay windows, stone ornamentation (ribs) and structurally to mold into naturalistic shapes
-special door knobs-curvilinear line

-iron work exterior with classically formed stone decoration 

-fluid ornamental line, organic motif

-stain glass, mosaic tiles

-no corridor

Metropolitan, Hector Guimard, Paris, 1900

-mass production solution
-urban setting
-inspired by nature

-art nouveau decoration

- generalized natural ornamental system

Sagrada Familia, Antoni Gaudi, Barcelona, 1883-1926+

-modernisme-distinctive style of architecture which moves away from classical language
-model; structurally upside down; use of mirrors
-was a church originally (latin cross plan)
-personalized creation; historical and isolation style
-it is still incomplete

- structurally rational

-regional interpretation

-flowing lines, organic, original

-fantastical, whimsical language

-reforming gothic

Casa Mila Apartment House, Antoni Gaudi, Barcelona, 1905-10

-two buildings around a courtyard
-malleable- plastic looking
-blocks of limestone
-centenary curves; similar to baroque of convex/concave forms

-curvy facade, no regularity and the shapes are constantly in motion

-steel structure 

La Citta Nuova, Antonio Sant'Elia, 1914 
-Futurism architecture; radical proposal "New City" Drawing of a futurist vision of future cities, inspired by Futurist Manifesto

-Photo reflects modernity, traffic circulation patterns

-conceptualize spacial relationship, substitute classical style, position of lines 

-multi level city

-segregates different transportation levels

-move away from rationalization 

Schroder House, Gerrit Rietveld, Utretcht, 1924-25 

-utilize De Stiji-minimalistic, use of primary colors
-combines elemental forms, series of planes , moveable walls (similar to shoji screens)
-breaks apart the basic cube
-plastic expression in open space
-Baroque due to the deconstruction of the corner

-go back to basics

-sliding screens on second floor rearrange rooms 

-primary colors

-create space through 2D planes

Monument to the Third International Project, Vladimir Tatlin, 1920

-400 Meters high
-framed structure/ meant to be red
-cathedral of socialism 
-reinvention, yet never built (visionary)
-CONSTRUCTIVISM, 
-commemorates Russian Revolution, 
- made of iron and glass, Axis pointed to Polaris, three chambers were to rotate around a central axis, bottom glass structure, middle for administration, top information center, 
-lacks main facade, would have been world's tallest building

-experimental, futurism, not representational

-different shapes that held different groups

-shapes were moving 

-very symbolic (cathedral of socialism)

Rusakov Workers' Club, Moscow, Konstantin Melnikov, 1927-28

-community services and socialist regimes
-centers for mass propaganda
-lecture hall exploding through the building; interior functions on the exterior
-programmatic systems used to establish the facade

-giant hall

-exterior hints at what is going on the inside 

Glass Pavilion, Bruno Taut, Cologne, 1914

-expressionism-individual architectural forms less aesthetic style
-more emotional, less rational. Reaction to French rationalism
-crystalline torch structure, faceted panels of glass
-spirit of Gothic archs, cupola, waterfall (used to reflect the glass)
-aphorisms about the glass (color glass destroys hatred)

-glass= exposed

-Rethinking the way we do architecture

-interior has a cupola covered in glass, there is glass everywhere

-power of glass and architecture (cant be mad in a glass house)

Einstein Tower, Erich Mendelsohn, Potsdam, Germany, 1920-21

-Originally built as a scientific observatory

-example of German Expressionism in architecture
-More integrated and expressive, organic shapes. Pushes for new society, curvlinear, stucco building, symmetrical, flowing

Vers une architecture, Le Corbusier, 1923

-introduces purism manifesto
-straight lines vs. curvlinear lines
-organic vs. rational
- "Towards a New Architecture", laid out laws to modern architecture, attacked current architecture.

-against cubism

-purism= shape of object preserved. curvilinear+ rectalinear 

Dom-ino House Project, Le Corbusier, 1914

-illustration; notion of columns and slabs
-reinforce concrete construction
-combines domicile housing and innovations

-looks like a dominoe in plan

-essence of primitive hut (reducing architecture to most basic function)

"Five Points of a New Architecture", Le Corbusier, 1925

1) pilotis= column. (vertical support not ornamental) used to raise building up, light airy, more hygenic
2) free plan independent of structure free to conform to function and program, freedom in design
3)free facade, independent of structure
4) ribbon window
5)roof garden = recovery of lost space, environmentally friendly 

Villa Savoye, Poissy-sur-Seine, Le Corbusier, 1929-31

Enter from the rear, and have to drive all the way around the house to get into the garage and go to the entrance.
The first building designed by Corbusier that incorporated pilotis, (roof gardens and horizontal windows incorporated too)
-lacks exterior ornamentation; consists of flat planes, 
-steel columns support 2nd level, making it the focal point; Purism - his use of pure geometric shapes 
-ramp is the spine of the house, it is the first time a ramp is seen in domestic architecture

-column grid is idiosyncratic. they fit a rule on the outside but on the inside the grid gets completely messed up

Unite d'Habitation, Marseilles, Le Corbusier, 1946-52

-Beton Brut incorporated; brutalism; seen as an honest and true to a material.(concrete, harsh) post war
-apartment building (little city)
-concept -a building can be a city (postmodernism)
-labor intensive, was meant to be repeated
-use of curvlinear forms: pilotis
-added the Modular people as symbols on the building

-raw concrete, you can see the form work of how the building was made

-fat pilotis

-there is a street that runs through the building 1/3 of the way up

-curvilinear forms on roof.

-skip stop elevator. elevator stops on one floor. two apartments above and below 

Notre-Dame du Haut, Ronchamp, France, Le Corbusier, 1951-55

-roof -Baton brut (very large and heavy)
slit of light in facade. contradicts heaviness. 
(stain glass)
Artificially thick walls bring light in a dramatic religious way

-heavy bowing roof interior

-very sculptural

Carpenter Center, Le Corbusier, Cambridge, MA,1960-64

-Harvard
-wanted to create a path through the building
-ramps, lobes, to create a path through the building- circulation going through middle 
-beton brut (heavy use of raw concrete)
-only building of architect in north america and one of the last to be completed during his lifetime

-path through building 

-kidney shape forms

-outside/inside

-pilotis (continuous metal formwork more smooth & refined)

-lightness and heaviness

-bri-soleil

Friedrichstrasse Skyscraper, Mies van de Rohe, 1921

-charcoal drawing; triangular site
-proposal of a glass skyscraper

-head of bauhaus

-visionary project

-represented as a beacon of light

-very radical glass skyscraper

-triangular tower

-glass= future

Project for a Brick country house, Mies van der Rohe, 1924

-wall has same thicknesses, very low; 1 story building
-extreme horizontality, walls shooting out of the interior walls that extend to the exterior
-fluid relationship between interior and exterior
-space planning concidered radical
-was not built (only conceptualized)
-in the plan, the doors are not shown in the drawing
-no axial planning

- long walls= connection to landscape (they begin as interior walls)

-connected to De Stijl painting

German Pavilion, Barcelona, Mies van der Rohe, 1928-9 (Barcelona Pavilion)

-exposition in Barcelona
-builts for a worlds fair, 
- utilize system of planes to defined space such as the pools
-barcelona chair (total work of art)
-was demolished and built using only photographs
-no cubic or structure of space
onyx walls-ornamentation
-reflection- water, glass panels, onyx columns
-regular column grid (8)
-made from steel system

-gateway between spanish village and graindoise architecture

-planes conduct space

-very bare

-suggestion of plane

-regular column grid

-simple steel frame

Farnsworth House, Piano, Illionois, Mies van der Rohe, 1950-52

-house is raised, rendered in white; exposed industrial steel and glass
- weekend getaway home for one person
-plays w/ planes and shifts (free plan)
-no actual rooms
-1 pipe connection

-sliding planes

-core, arrange furniture to define space

-primitive hut

-I-beams

-material associated with mass production (steel) but treated like a craftsman

Tugendhat House, Brno, Mies van der Rohe, 1930

- maximizes view with floor to ceiling glass
-upside down house
-the house can is see-through; glass walls all the way around
-the glass wall can be lowered which makes a balcony within the house
-machine a habiter

-looks modest and modern

-traditional rooms

-lack of definition of rooms, open floor plan

-rounded glass leads you in

Seagram Building, Mies van der Rohe, New York, 1958

-high-rise buildings that express the grid of their supporting Steel-Frame Construction
-giving back public space with plaza by pushing back the building
-slender tower, smaller buildings are in the back
follow regular column grid
-use of steel beams attached to the exterior of the building
-concept of "less is more"

-inventor of post war skyscraper

-reflecting pools

-glass pualled back 

-symmetry

-steel beams stuck on exterior (it's ornament)

Town Hall, Alvar Aalto, Saynatsalo, 1951-52

-white, cubic, modernism yet vernacular architecture
-moves away from industrial buildings
-less machine-like
constructed out of brick and sits on concrete
-courtyard, non-monumental
-irregular stairs (different treatment)
-problem solvingsensability

-picturesque, romantic, traditional Finnish architecture,

-away from industrialization 

-monumental quality, more formal staire cas by council building 

-humanizing modernisme 

Vanna Venturi House, Chestnut Hill, PA, Robert venturi, 1963

-post modernism (looks back at the past)
-"less is a bore" baroque
-mannerism space which rejects the typical suburban house
-stone lentil, arch drawing above the entrance, traditional picture window on one side, a Le Corbusier window on the other (reference)
-horizontal window

-similar to mannerism

-horizontal window

-referencing family home in a playflu way

-intentionally awkward 

Pompidou Center, Paris, Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano, 1971-77

-postmodernism
-turning the building inside out 
-skeleton became the facade of the building
- modern art gallery 
-a constructivist (form+structure+function) which is a example of the natural progression of installing the new within the old fabric. exposing the mechanical equipment.

-critiquing traditional architecture 
- referenced Eiffel Tower 
-stair is on the outside of the building

Gehry House, Santa Monica, Frank Gehry, 1978

- house that is not unified at all, 
-house that has an innovative structure to it and he separated his addition from his old house 
-keeps existing house intact
-adds corrugated metal, chain linked fence (materials that are not traditionally used for building)
-fragmented geometry

-uses material your not supposed to use

pushing limits of material

AT&T Building, Philip Johnson, 1984

-first major monument of postmodernism, it followed trends
-top, middle, bottom on Chippendale; traditional materiality
-top, middle, bottom
-clad in stone, steel framed building
-creates a public space within the shell of the building

-critique of modernism

-maintains street edge but puts a colonnade