Term
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Definition
| integer ratios - uniform sizes, proportional relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| non specific size and shape - same block for any project |
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Term
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Definition
standardization, ready availability, low cost
ie Lowes/ Home Depot |
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Term
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Definition
easy to handle, common tools
brick = 1 hand block =2 |
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Term
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Definition
| multiple combinations, freedom and constraint |
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Term
| nominal vs. actual dimensions |
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Definition
difference is mortar joint dimensions which are included in nominal
modular cmu
8x8x16 vs 7 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 15 5/8
modular brick
8x4x2 2/3
3 bricks = 8" 12 bricks = 1 block |
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Term
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Definition
| compression and tension; vertical and lateral loads |
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Term
| how to avoid water penetration in masonry wall |
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Definition
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Term
| assembly of masonry through compression |
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Definition
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Term
| in what way to arches work |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the standard wall types |
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Definition
solid
composite
cavity
reinforced |
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Term
|
Definition
block and brick construction
better to aid against water penetration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| how are bricks manufactured |
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Definition
| bricks are fired clay (adobe) |
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Term
| how are CMUs manufactured |
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Definition
| hardened through HYDRATION - need humidity |
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Term
|
Definition
stretchers are the long face of the brick
headers are the short face |
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Term
| what are basic methods of bonding |
|
Definition
flemish
english
common (American)
running
stack |
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Term
|
Definition
8" bond, solid construction
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
12" bond; solid construction
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
alternate headers/stretchers every couple of courses
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
no structural role - (decorative)
used in cavity wall construction when tied back to inner wythe
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
used in cavity wall construction
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
wall composed of two different materials
ie cmu block and brick |
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Term
|
Definition
wall with space in between block and brick (or any combination) helps with insulation, better for water penetration, weaker structurally
protects against water |
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Term
| 3 components of a cavity wall |
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Definition
outer wythe
cavity
inner wythe |
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Term
| how to reinforce masonry wall |
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Definition
| steel reinforcement and grout inside the wall |
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Term
|
Definition
| concrete with high water content |
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Term
| 3 methods to reinforce masonry walls |
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Definition
single cell
cavity
inner wythe |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
weak structure
weak in weathering
temperature sensitive |
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Term
|
Definition
| tolerance in masonry cast (wiggle room) |
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Term
|
Definition
weathering and aesthetics
highlights the profile of the mortar joint |
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Term
|
Definition
| related to modular dimensions |
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Term
| Actual Dimensions of a wall corner |
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Definition
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Term
| Actual Dimensions of a window |
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Definition
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Term
| Actual Dimensions of a column |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| used where floor loads connect to inner wythe |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
non-structural
aesthetic
prevents water penetration |
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Term
|
Definition
| capillary break to stop water |
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Term
|
Definition
| connects 2 wythes, resists lateral for inner wythes |
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Term
|
Definition
rigid- polystyrene
batt- fiberglass
granular - syrofoam pellets
spray in - liquid insulation hardens |
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Term
|
Definition
| prevents moisture from accumulating in the inside of a wall |
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Term
|
Definition
continuous sheet of thin waterproof material
ie metal / synthetic materials |
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Term
| 4 locations of insulation |
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Definition
in the cavity
inside face of inner wythe
outer face of outer wythe - external insulation plus finish system (EIFS)
cells of blocks |
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Term
| where does the vapor barrier occur in our climate |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
external - keep water out of the wall (top or junction)
internal - catches moisture + takes it out (whenever cavity is interrupted) |
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Term
|
Definition
| where water weeps out in a cavity wall |
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Term
|
Definition
Dead Loads: Building Materials
Live Loads: People, Furniture |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Where do we put reinforcements? |
|
Definition
bond beams - where floor or roof load meets the wall
lintels over openings - bond beam lintels |
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Term
|
Definition
| intentional crack in wall that allows the wall to expand and contract |
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Term
| where are movement joints located |
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Definition
-every 30' in masonry wall
-corners
-where walls change thickness/ height
-has caulk instead of mortar |
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Term
| why did historic buildings have mortar at movement joints when today this is not allowed? |
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Definition
| mortar of the past used lime (flexible) |
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Term
|
Definition
| often see cracking at corners |
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Term
| what do flatter arches produce more of |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
bonded cmu with mortar joint filled with cement and reinforced with rebar
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
typical arch construction relying on thrust negating the effects of gravity resulting in pure compression
[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
| similiar to a bondbeam lintel, however it is composed of one concrete block, then reinforced and filled[image] |
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Term
|
Definition
| use of a steel beam to support the span through tension[image] |
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Term
| what are some of the main components of horizontal systems |
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Definition
| material, span, and spacing |
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Term
|
Definition
| distance between two intermediate supports for a structure, e.g. a beam or a bridge |
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Term
|
Definition
| the ability of building components and systems to perform their intended fire separating and/or loadbearing functions under fire exposure |
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Term
|
Definition
16'
Otherwise produces excessive deflection
Therefore the use of a beam is required |
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Term
| Components of Light Frame Construction (Residential) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| rigid horizontal diaphragm |
|
Definition
subflooring
distributes lateral loads |
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Term
|
Definition
| means to connect joists to sill plate to foundation |
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Term
|
Definition
| 4' OC with span up to 60' |
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Term
|
Definition
| with reinforcement can span up to 40' |
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Term
|
Definition
| mass, either carving or building up |
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Term
|
Definition
linear elements to encompass space within a frame
ARCHITECTURE OF THE FRAME |
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Term
|
Definition
| stereotonic - stacking heavy elements, limited openings, used like masonry with evidence of framing in roof construction |
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Term
|
Definition
| post and beam construction, large sections of wood, air space, complex interlocking joints, high level of craftsmanship, stabilized by triangulation |
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Term
|
Definition
| Studs go from foundation to roof |
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Term
|
Definition
| studs go from floor to floor |
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