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| structure that spans a space and supports structure and weight below it |
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| an extruded arch; develops space |
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| a hollow, open space resembling the upper-half of a sphere |
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| Aspects of Roman construction that exploited structural elements that acted in compression: |
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| main characteristics of roman towns |
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Definition
variance in depth
arterial roads
oblong blocks
total design (incorporation of old and new)
irregular rectangles
roman forum ~square |
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| developments of roman architecture |
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Definition
| invention of cement and concrete |
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| Architectural Significance of Pantheon in Rome |
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Definition
largest spanning dome
dome on square base
open oculus
creation of space vs. greek creation of forms |
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| sacred space in homes housing alter |
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| wealth for the sake of wealth |
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| popular wealthy Roman attitude towards domestic space |
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Definition
elegant, grand, large,
villa-esque |
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| qualities important to Pliny |
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Definition
| be the most grand, but *USABLE* |
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Term
| Design characteristics of early houses in Pompeii? |
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Definition
made of local stone, concrete, cement, plaster
floorplan differs according to persons' profession |
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| common features of homes in pompeii |
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Definition
atrium with peristyle (courtyard&garden)
rooms to suit owner
triclinium (dining room)
tablinum (room allocated near atrium) |
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| Terrey Jones' perception of ancient buildings in ancient Rome |
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Definition
wide gap between rich and poor
this poverty was pre-industrial (3rd world)
egalitarian to stratified
grand, mosaics, distance from social inferior
before Romans, 3 houses, later knocked down to create 1 grand home |
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| New Christian Architecture |
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Definition
catacombs
Basilica /forum (as social space) |
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Definition
Buildings erected as memorials to
commemorate saints or sites of special importance
to the Christian faith. |
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| earlier in the church, individuals were baptized in a special building apart from the church |
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| building in honor of someone who is dead` |
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| a place for walking, especially an aisle around the apse or a cloister in a church or monastery |
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| Defining Architectural Characteristics of Old St. Peter's Cathedral |
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Definition
NAVE
AISLE
TRANSEPT
NARTHEX
ATRIUM
APSE |
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| medieval church characteristics taken from st peters' |
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Definition
east to west orientation
narthex (entrance foyer)
aisles
nave (central aisle)
designed at a larger scale than necessary
-> (pilgrims and belief that this is a form of worship) |
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Term
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Definition
Hagia Sophia is a turning point between the
humanistic focus of classical, and in particular
Greek, architecture, which had been based in part
on the scale of the human body, and the emergence
of the conception of the sublime, a god-centered
approach to building that emphasized the infinite
smallness of humankind in the majestic greatness
of the divine. |
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Definition
| quality of greatness: greatness beyond all possibility of calculation, measurement, or imitation. |
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| feelings evoked by Hagia Sophia |
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Definition
sublime because the grandness of the dome parallels its weightlessness
humankind is small and god is great |
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| Why are preservation efforts for the Hagia Sophia strained? |
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Definition
different groups hold different interpretations of what this structure is
The two religious counterparts will not donate unless if their cause is victorious
Government cannot afford to restore the colossal monument |
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Term
| common architectural elements of hypostle mosque |
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Definition
based off Muhammad's home
large courtyard surrounded by long rooms supported by columns |
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Term
| architectural elements of the mosque |
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Definition
qibla
mihrab
minbar
minaret
sahn
ḥaram |
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Definition
| main mosque of city; congregational |
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courtyard
most fundamental part |
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| direction a muslim must face to pray |
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| is a semicircular niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla |
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| where the imam (priest) delivers sermons |
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| sacred space: a spot where conflict cannot occur |
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controversy of sacred space
what is islamophobia
separation of church and state
what are its boundaries? nonexistent... |
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simple: regular, symmetrical, sturdy
thick walls, decorative arcades, groin vaults, sturdy piers |
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impressive facade with towers
thick sturdy walls, arches, vaults |
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grand thick walls
typical church elements
towers
sublime |
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| Inspiration for Early Carolingian and Ottoman church architects? |
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Definition
Old St. Peter's in Rome
Saint Dennis Abbey
Fulda Abbey
Santa Prassede
SS Peter und
Marcellinus
MAYBE St. Michael idrk |
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| Architectural Elements of Early Medieval Churches |
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Definition
latin cross shape (Western tradition vs. simple Eastern shape)
also abbeys and minor Christian buildings were important |
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Definition
| residential complex of a religious building |
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Definition
| residential complex of a religious building |
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Definition
life of angels; monks angelic singing
focus on spirit not the actual building
Cluny III**** |
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| Sacred Force in Cathedrals |
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Definition
-the value of space; imitation of a heaven-like space, "almost perfect"
grand, pointing to sky, sublime
invited holy forces |
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Definition
First Gothic Church
integration of spaces |
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| architectural developments leading to Gothic Cathedrals? |
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Definition
rib vaults
flying buttresses
pointed arches
outdated ribvaults |
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Term
| architectural developments leading to Gothic Cathedrals? |
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Definition
rib vaults
flying buttresses
pointed arches
outdated ribvaults |
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Term
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Definition
elaborate churches exemplifying grandness
believed that this building style would attract god's attention as a form of praise |
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| rejected art and decoration and general materialism |
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