Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Applied Behavior Analysis
Chapter 7
25
Education
Graduate
10/12/2008

Additional Education Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

A-B design

 

Definition

 

 

 

A two-phase experimental design consisting of a pre treatment baseline condition (A) followed by a treatment condition (B)

Term

 

 

 

affirmation of the consequent

Definition

A three step form of reasoning that begins with a true antecedent-consequent (if A - then B) statement and proceeds as follows:

1) If A is true, then B is true

2) B is found to be true

3) therefore, A is true

 

Term

 

 

 

ascending baseline

Definition

 

 

 

A data path that shows an increasing trend in the response measure over time

Term

 

 

 

Baseline

Definition

 

 

A condition of an experiment in which the independent variable is not present; data obtained during baseline are the basis for determining the effect of the independent variable

Term

 

 

 

baseline logic

Definition

 

 

A term sometimes used to refer to the experimental reasoning inherent in single-subject experimental designs; entails 3 elements: prediction, vrification, and replication

Term

 

 

 

confounding variable

Definition

 

 

 

An uncontrolled factor known or suspected to exert influence on the dependent variable

Term

 

 

 

dependent variable

 

Definition

The target behavior or measurable dimensional quantity of that behavior (rate,duration)

 

*Behavior is dependent on the independent variable

Term

 

 

 

descending baseline

Definition

 

 

 

A data path that shows a decreasing trend in the response measure over time.

Term

 

 

 

experimental control

Definition

 

The outcome of an experiment that demonstrates convincingly a functional relation, meaning that experintal control is acheived when a predictable change in behavior (dependent variable) can be reliably produced by manipulating a specific aspect of the environment(independent variable).

Term

 

 

 

experimental design

Definition

 

The particular type and sequence of conditions in a study so that meaningful comparisons of the effects of the presence and absence (or different values) of the independent variable can be made.

Term

 

 

experimental question

Definition

 

 

A statement of what the researcher seeks to learn by conducting the experiment

(research question)

Term

 

 

 

external validity

Definition

 

 

The degree to which a study's findings have generality to other subjects, settings, and/or behaviors.

Term

 

 

 

extraneous validity

Definition

 

 

Any aspect of the experimental setting (lighting,temp) that must be held constant to prevent unplanned environmental variation.

Term

 

 

 

independent variable

Definition

 

The particular aspect of the environment that the experimenter manipulates to find out whether it affects the subjects behavior.(intervention,treatment,experimental variable)

Term

 

 

 

internal validity

Definition

 

 

Experiment shows convincingly that changes in behavior are a function of the independent variable and not as a result of uncontrolled/unknown variables.

Term

 

 

 

parametric analysis

Definition

 

 

An experiment designed to discover the differiental effects of a range of values of an independent variable (ex. comparing the effects of several tratment plans)

Term

 

 

 

practice effects

Definition

 

 

Improvements in performance resulting from opportunities to perform a behavior repeatedly so that baseline measures can be obtained.

(confounds a study and baseline should be continued until steady state.)

Term

 

 

 

prediction

Definition

A statement of the anticipated outcome of a presently unknown or future measure

 

One of the 3 components of experimental reasoning (+ replication,verification)

 

Term

 

 

 

replication

Definition

 

 

Repeating conditions within an experiment to determine the reliability of effects and increase internal validity

(+prediction,verification)

Term

 

 

 

single-subject deigns

Definition

 

 

Repeated measures of the subject's behavior are obtained as she/he are exposed to each condition. The participant is theirown control

(within-subject design)

Term

 

 

 

stable baseline

Definition

 

 

Data that shows no evidence of an upward or downward trend (w/i a small range)

Term

 

 

 

steady state responding

Definition

A pattern of responding that exhibits relatively little variation in its measured dimensional quantities over a period of time.

Term

 

 

 

steady state strategies

Definition

 

Repeatedly exposing a subject to a given condition while trying to eliminate or control extraneous influences on the behavior and obtaining a stable pattern of responding before introducing the next condition

Term

 

 

 

variable baseline

Definition

 

 

 

Data points that do not consistently fall within a range of values and do not suggest any clear trend

Term

 

 

 

verification

Definition

 

 

Demonstrating that the prior level of baseline responding would have remained unchanged had the independent variable not been introduced

(+prediction,replication)

Supporting users have an ad free experience!