Term
| Culture Definition according to Hoebel: |
|
Definition
| "A system of learned behavior patterns which are characteristic of members of a society" |
|
|
Term
| Culture Definition according to Spradley |
|
Definition
A culture refers to:
What people Know (knowledge)
What people DO (behavior)
What people MAKE (artifacts) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A group of people living and working together in a systematic way to carry out their lives
All societies have culture
Culture is not high or low |
|
|
Term
| What is Global Awareness? |
|
Definition
Geographic knowledge
cultural Knowledge
Awareness of their interconnections around the world |
|
|
Term
| Why is global awareness important? |
|
Definition
Business
Design Education
Others |
|
|
Term
| What factors enhance interaction in other cultures? |
|
Definition
Technical ability
language training
experience in other cultures
ability to adapt to new environments |
|
|
Term
| Ruth Benedict's Arc of Human Potential: Factors that influence dress in a culture |
|
Definition
Climate and natural resources
Technology/economy
Social/Political organization
Aesthetics
Religion, ideology, ritual
Culture contact |
|
|
Term
| What are the cultural perspecives on dress? |
|
Definition
Holistic viewpoint
culturally relative viewpoint
Avoid Ethnocentrism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| meaning and use of dress can be understood only through study of all aspects of a culture |
|
|
Term
| Culturally relative viewpoint |
|
Definition
| understanding dress as it has meaning to the insider or wearers of the clothing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| judge others by the standards or beliefs of one's own culture (cultural snobbishness) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Can change or redesign the body either temporarily or permanently
Body color
body texture
body shape
body odor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
shaving
hair styles
moisturizer
plastic surgery/ face peeling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
corsets
physical activity
plasitc surgery
grow a beard or mustache |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cover the body in some way (as minimal as ring, or all encompassing as a Berka) |
|
|
Term
| What are the categories of body coverings? |
|
Definition
wrap- around
suspended
pre-shaped
combination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
wrap around body or a part of it
as they are put on they are ADJUSTED TO FIT so they have the amount of tighness or looseness desired |
|
|
Term
| What are examples of wrap arounds? |
|
Definition
Scarf or sash
necktie
toga
sari
turban |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hang from some part of the body such as the shoulders, wrist, or neck |
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of suspended body enclosures? |
|
Definition
Bangles
necklaces
scarf NOT wrapped around, if it is just draped over shoulders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Designed to accomodate the contours and dimensions (fit your body) before you put it on |
|
|
Term
| What are examples of pre-shaped body coverings? |
|
Definition
Shoes
pants
hats
undergarments
clothing
rings
gloves
belts with buckle
watches |
|
|
Term
| Combination (body coverings) |
|
Definition
| Some mixutre of pre-shaped, suspended, or wrap- around |
|
|
Term
| Examples of combination body coverings |
|
Definition
Suit coat (pre-shaped to fit you but it also suspends from your shoulders)
Blazer
Full gathered skirt (pre-shaped for waist but suspends from your waist) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Typically only cover a small area of the body to which they're attached |
|
|
Term
| What are the categories of attachments to the body? |
|
Definition
Insertions
Clips
adherents
hand-held items |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pierced earrings
lip disk
dentures
contacts
hairpieces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clip on earrings
barrettes
hair extensions
flowers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
eyelashes
fake nails
false mustaches'
beauty marks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clutch
umbrella
holding a leash |
|
|
Term
| Attachments to body enclosures |
|
Definition
| cover only small areas of body enclosures to which they are affixed |
|
|
Term
| Clips (attachments to body enclosures) |
|
Definition
suspenders
tie clasps
mitten clips |
|
|
Term
| Insertions (attachments to body enclosures) |
|
Definition
Cufflinks
broach
belts (inserted into belt loops)
Shoelaces
Coursages/ boutonniers |
|
|
Term
| Same forms of dress may have ________________. |
|
Definition
Different meanings
Colors may have different meanings in different countries- Red: Zambia- death and danger |
|
|
Term
| Different forms of dress may have ___________________. |
|
Definition
same meaning
Different cultures get married in a different way
Americans-rings
Africans- tattoo on chin
Amish man- has beard |
|
|
Term
| Basic life belifs of the Amish |
|
Definition
1. Separatism from the world, avoid worldly ways
2. Nonresistance to aggression, refusal to bear arms
3. Adult Baptism (15-22)
4. Cradle-to-Grave Philosophy
5. Refusal to take an oath (except to God) |
|
|
Term
| Amish's separatism from the world, avoid worldly ways |
|
Definition
simplicity of dress
no jewelry, no pockets
no closets
lack of fashion |
|
|
Term
| How does the Amish show their nonresistance to aggression, refusal to bear arms? |
|
Definition
no military styles: metal buttons and belt buckles
No mustaches |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anabaptists
strict adherence to dress norms after baptism |
|
|
Term
| Cradle-to-Grave philosophy |
|
Definition
Amish society takes care of it's own
Similarity in dress aids in comformity to group |
|
|
Term
| Refusal to take an oath (except to God) |
|
Definition
I "affirm" is OK
NOT "I Swear" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Factors that Influence the forms of dress that culture chooses |
|
|
Term
| how climate affects the amish |
|
Definition
midwest seasons
layering of clothing
head coverings (both men and women)
Functional clothing (easy care)
Use of natural and manufactured fibers |
|
|
Term
| How Technology/Economy is affected by the Amish |
|
Definition
No automobiles
No telephones or electricity
Thrifty
Leave land as they found it
Make clothes
hand-me-downs
nice clothes become everyday clothes
wear out clothing |
|
|
Term
| How the amish are affected Social/ Political organization |
|
Definition
Social:
Family
Church District (around 40 families
Political:
Tied with religious organization
their church is considered to be democratic (women have a say/vote)
===leaders are usually married men |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neatness
Preciseness
Cleanliness
Simplicity
Dress and Appearance: Neatness, grooming, cleanliness, simplicity
--natural, unadorned appearance |
|
|
Term
| Amish Religion/Ritual/Ideaology |
|
Definition
Religion is part of every day life
Body coverage
Sex differentiation in dress
=No amish women wear pants, etc.
same styles to church as everyday
Ordnug: Set of rules to live by
Sunning: Sanction of wearing non-Amish dress/clothing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Awareness of other cultures, minimal separation, rural so less exposure to "new"
Amish don't want their youth to be influenced so "new" is carefully considered |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clear meanings due to:
Stability over time
conformity to norms
Roles are clearly differentiated by:
Gender, marriage, age, religious leaders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Men: Married wear beards; unmarried are clean shaven
Women: married usually wear apron same color as dress; unmarried wear white organdy apron |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Up to 2 years old: Boys and girls wear dresses-easier to change diapers
Children:
wear same styles as adults although can be more colorful
-Still have to have styles that identify them as part of the Amish culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bishops: Some minor differences in coats as well as width of brim on hats
Minister: a minor difference in the heigh of the crown of the hat **leaders are always married males** |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
are taught by women who are an eighth grade graduate and who did well in school.
Chief Justice Burger- as long as their children can meet certain guidelines in education, they can have theirs school the way they want |
|
|
Term
| Amish negotiation with hospitals |
|
Definition
amish of Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Negotiated with hospitals a price of 40% off doctor fees (pay cash up front)
Deal was sealed with a handshake. No written contract. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Means humility
what the Amish lean towards |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amish are most respected for their: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fashion exhibits: Zeitgeist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 15th century architecture and clothing represented in a ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 16th century renaissance went more ___________________ from furniture to clothing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the outline of a style
Silhouettes change over time and from season to season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The distinctive characteristic of a product that distinguishes it from a something of the same type
Buttons
turtle neck sweaters
V-neck
Could talk about styles from pants, suits, dresses, etc.
Styles come in and out of fashion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
short-lived fashions
in and out quickly
Jeggings
Wheelies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
something that never goes out of style, timeless
Little black dress
pearls
jeans
turtle necks
button down shirts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Styles of dress temporarily adopted by a large group of people
because the style is perceived as being socially approriate for the time and situation
Fashion and style are NOT synonymous |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"high fashion"
clothing on the paris runways
expensive and exclusive fashion
best of the best as far as materials are concerned
Custom design
==been made to measure (opposed to ready-to-wear) |
|
|
