Term
|
Definition
| If an organism has a certain characteristic that is always passed on to its offspring, we say that this organism bred true with respect to that characteristic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of a pair of genes that occupies the same position on homologous chromosomes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two-letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The observable expression of an organism's genes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A genotype in which both alleles are identical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A genotype with two different alleles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An allele that will determine phenotype if just one is present in the genotype |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that allele |
|
|
Term
| Mendel's Principles of Genetics |
|
Definition
- The traits of an organism are determined by its genes
- Each organism has two alleles that make up the genotype for a given trait
- In sexual reproduction, each parent contributes ONLY ONE of it alleles to its offspring.
- In each genotype, there is a dominant allele. If it exists in an organism, the phenotype is determined by that allele.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A diagram that follows a particular phenotype through several generations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cross between two individuals, concentrating on only one definable trait. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cross between two individuals, concentrating on two definable traits. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A protein that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an antibody. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inheritance of a genetic trait not on a sex chromosome. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A person who is heterozygous in a recessive genetic disorder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inheritance of a genetic trait located on the sex chromosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A radical chemical change in one or more alleles |
|
|
Term
| Change in Chromosome Structure |
|
Definition
| A situation in which a chromosome loses or gains genes during meiosis. |
|
|
Term
| Change in Chromosome Number |
|
Definition
| A situation in which abnormal cellular events in meiosis lead to either none of a particular chromosome in the gamete or more than one chromosome in the gamete. |
|
|
