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| What is the function of the pilus? |
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| To grasp onto surfaces or other bacterium during conjugation |
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| What is the function of the capsule? |
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| used to adhere to surfaces as well as to ward off infection-fighting agents. |
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| What is the function of the cell wall? |
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| keeps the interior of the cell together and holds the cell's shape |
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| What is the funtion of the Plasma Membrane? |
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| controls what materials pass into and out of the cell as well as to metabolize nutrients |
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| holds the DNA and ribosomes in place |
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| stores the information needed to make this organism a living organism |
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| moves the bacterium from place to place |
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| What is the most popular form of metabolism among bacteria? |
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| heterotrophic decomposers |
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| If a bacterium is parasitic, is it heterotrophic or autotrophic? |
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| 4 modes of reproduction in bacteria |
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- asexual
- sexual
- transformation
- endospore formation
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| Why does the bacteria population increase before it reaches steady state? |
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| because the bacteria are reproducing unchecked |
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| Why does the population of bacteria decrease after it reaches steady state? |
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| because the bacteria begin to die due to lack of resources |
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| Even though sexual reproduction among bacteria does not result in offspring, it can significantly affect the poplulation of a bacteria growth. Why? |
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| Sexual reproduction can pass a trait from one bacterium to another. If that trait allows the recipient to survive conditions that it otherwise wouldn't, then the population is affected, because the recipient continues to live and reproduce asexually. |
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| 3 Common Bacterial Shapes |
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Coccus
Bacillus
Spirillum |
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| What phylum and class does a heterotrophic and Gram-negative bacterium belong to? |
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phylum Gracilicutes
class Scotobacteria |
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| To what phylum and class does a spirillum bacterium that is Gram-positive belong? |
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phylum Firmicutes
class Thallobacteria |
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| What phylum and class does a bacterium with no cell wall belong to? |
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phylum Tenericutes
class Mollicutes |
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| Most bacteria need this to grow and reproduce: |
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- moisture
- moderate temperatures
- nutrition
- darkness
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| Methods for reducing the chance of bacterial contamination of food: |
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- Heat the food so that most bacteria die and then seal it away from fresh air
- Dehydrate the food
- Freeze the food
- Pasteurize it
- Keep it in the refrigerator
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