The decisions supported by ____ are:

• MPS
• RCCP
• Schedule control

The forecast techniques for ____ are:

• Market research
• Expert opinion
• Management estimation
• Casual analysis

The disadvantages of ____ intervals for forecasting are:

• May hide seasonal demand patterns

FORMULA:

Coefficient of variation (CV)

FORMULA:

=(standard deviation of period demand)/(average period demand)

Some examples of factors that have to be considered for selection of ____ models are:

• Manufacturing environment (MTO, ATO, MTS)
• Customer service
• Safety stock implication
• Profitability

On the forecast model grid, what are the implications for ____:

• Use aggregate forecast and then ATO
• Collaborate with customer on demand planning

Some typical issues that affect the forecast that come from the internal factor of ____ are:

• Effect of price changes on dampening/stimulating of demand
• Effect of promotions on stimulating and changing the time of demand

Some example techniques of ____ are:

• Expert opinion

Some example techniques of ____ are:

• Focus group
• Survey

Some example techniques of ____ are:

• Panel consensus
• Delphi technique
• Sales force composite

Some example techniques of ____ are:

• Product life-cycle analysis

FORMULA: SAF

Forecast_N+1 =

FORMULA: SAF

= (Demand_N-1 + demand_N)/2

FORMULA: MAF (5 month)

Forecast_N

FORMULA: MAF (5 month)

Sum of demand(_{N-1+N-2+N-3+N-4+N-5})/5

FORMULA: ESF

Forecast_N1 =

FORMULA: ESF

= (α)(Demand_N0)+(1-α)(MAF_N0)

The 3 steps of ____ are:

1. Plot the seasonal data and calculate the trend line
2. Calculate the trend-adjusted seasonal factor
3. Calculate the trend-adjusted seasonal factor

FORMULA

Seasonal factor_Q1 =

FORMULA

= (Q1_Y1+Q1_Y2 +...Q1_YN)/N

To perform Step 2: ____, you:

1. Calculate the trend ratio for each quarter
2. Average the trend ratios for each quarter

FORMULA

Q1_{Forecast year} =

FORMULA

= (M(t)+ B)*Seasonal Factor_Q1

3 things that ____ forecasting techniques focus on are:

1. Analyzing time series data
2. Decomposition of demand patterns into trend, seasonal, cyclical, and random demand patterns
3. Determining mathematical relationships within the data and demand patterns, and extending them into the future

The two components of CPFR: ____ are:

1. Sales forecasting
2. Order planning and forecasting

FORMULA

MAD =

FORMULA

= (Σ|Actual- Forecast|)/n

FORMULA

Period forecast error =

FORMULA

 = Actual demand - forecast demand

= A - F

FORMULA

MAPE =

FORMULA

= ^{((Σ|A-F|)/A)}/_ⁿ

FORMULA

Bias =

FORMULA

Standard deviation (σ) = 

FORMULA

= √(∑(A-average forecast)²)/_n-1))

FORMULA

σ =

FORMULA

= (1.25)MAD

FORMULA

MAD =

FORMULA

= σ/1.25

The value proposition of ____ is:

• Differentiate the customers' experience from rivals
• Increase lifetime customer retention
• Provide insight into impending customer orders

The 2 aspects of the scope of ____ are:

1. Differentiation based on customer segments
2. Use of data and analytics to improve sales performance

The 3 most important criteria for ____ are:

1. Profitability
2. Strategic importance
3. Special customer needs

Some examples of ____ segmentation are:

• Volume discounts
• Priority attention from sales/marketing/R&D

Some examples of ____ segmentation are:

• Considerable leverage with respect to suppliers' overall profitablity
• The most strategic customer may impose terms and conditions when suppliers do business with them

Some examples of ____ segmentation are:

• For MTO products, the customer might require deign and engineering services
• Provide services to meet customers' need for better designs, support lean or green goals, provide flexible manufacturing environment

Some of the primary ____ sources on customers are:

• Transaction records
• Sales representatives
• Service representatives
• Market intelligence

Some examples of ____ activites are:

• Predict broad-scale consumer preferences
• Predict individual consumer preferences
• Replace forecats with knowledge of impending orders

The 4 main steps in the ____ cycle are:

1. Customer inquiry and order
2. Order entry
3. Shipping and delivery
4. Invoicing

The key activities associated with the ____ step in the Customer Order Fulfillment cycle are:

The key activities associated with the ____ step in the Customer Order Fulfillment cycle are:

The key activities associated with the ____ step in the Customer Order Fulfillment cycle are:

The key activities associated with the ____ step in the Customer Order Fulfillment cycle are:

• Prepare invoices
• Transmit electronically or by other means

The 2 types of ____ are:

1. ATP (available-to-promise)
2. CTP (capable-to-promise)

____ makes promises from the following 2 places:

1. On-hand inventory balances
2. Future supply (shown as scheduled receipts in the MPS)

____ works for the below 2 manufacturing environments:

1. MTS
2. MTO (promises made only from customer orders)

____ attempts to:

1. Set up a new MPS for the same product if capacity and material are available
2. "Borrow" capacity and material allocated to the MPS for another product if the capacity and material is not available

The 4 characteristics of ____ are:

1. Not in the forecast
2. From a non-regular customer
3. Random, non-recurring, highly-variable
4. Not received through normal channels

Upon receiving ____, the first 2 things that customer service should do are:

1. Check ATP data to see if the order can be accommodated
2. Run through a decision process to determine whether to promise and confirm the order

The 3 decision makers for ____ are:

1. Sales
2. Marketing
3. Operations

In the case of abnormal demand, what is operation's input into the decision?

In the case of abnormal demand, ____ inputs on changeover costs and the impact on other customers' orders

What are 4 key questions to ask when considering abnormal demand?

The 4 key questions to ask when considering ____ are:

1. Financially attractive?
2. Recurring demand?
3. Flexibility of quantity and due date?
4. Impact on other customers' orders?

The internal communications related to ____ are:

• Agree on the production plan

The communications with the customer related to ____ are:

• Medium-term demand

The internal communications related to ____ are:

• During order processing
• Continually, on demand flexibility

The communications with the customer related to ____ are:

• During order promising
• Continually on demand flexibility

The communications with the customer related to ____ are:

• Performance measures

The internal communications related to ____ are:

• Forecasts and electronic point-of-sale sata from customers for VMI
• Kanban (lean) replenishment signals from customers

The communications with the customer related to ____ are:

• Engineering and due-date changes
• Price and availability of MTS products

The 2 approaches to measuring ____ are:

1. Functional approach (traditional silo approach)
2. Cross-functional approach

Some characteristics of the ____ approach to performance measurement are:

• Functions have their own set of metrics
• Conflicts exist among functional objectives
• Metrics are in silos

Some characteristics of the ____ approach to performance measurement are:

• Meterics to not conflict cross-functionally
• Reflects an integration of supply chain processes
• Includes aggregate and detailed order delivery metrics

The 3 components of a ____ are:

1. Criterion
2. Standard
3. Measure

The 5 performance attritibute categories of ____ metrics are:

1. Agility
2. Reliability
3. Cost
4. Responsiveness
5. Asset Management

"ARCRA"

FORMULA

Perfect order fulfillment =

FORMULA

= (Number of perfect orders)/(Total number of orders)

The Level 1 Metric for ____ is:

• Perfect order fulfillment

The Level 1 Metric for ____ is:

• Order fulfillment cycle time

The Level 1 Metrics for ____ are:

• Upside supply chain flexibility
• Upside supply chain adaptability
• Downside supply chain adaptability

The Level 1 Metrics for ____ are:

• Supply chain management cost
• Cost of goods sold (COGS)

The Level 1 Metrics for ____ are:

• Cash-to-cash cycle time
• Return on supply chain fixed assets

The Level 2 Metrics for ____ are:

• Delivered on time
• Delivered in full
• Correct condition
• Correct place

The Level 2 Metrics for ____ are:

• Order entry time
• Dwell time for future dated orders
• Make, distribute, transport time

The Level 2 Metrics for ____ are:

• Days supply of inventory
• Days sales outstanding
• Days payable outstanding

FORMULA

Order fulfillment life cycle = 

FORMULA

= (Sum of actual cycle times for all orders delivered)/(Total number of orders delivered)

The 2 components of the ____ performance attribute category are:

1. Supply chain management cost
2. Cost of goods sold

The 2 components of the ____ performance attribute category are:

1. Cash-to-cash cycle time 
2. Return on supply chain fixed assets

FORMULA

Cash-to-Cash Cycle Time =

FORMULA

= Number of days of inventory + Days of accounts receivable - Days of accounts payable

FORMULA

 Return on Supply Chain Fixed Assets = 

FORMULA

= ^{(Supply chain revenue - COGS - Supply chain management costs)}/_{Suppy chain fixed assets}

Some ways by which ____ can be developed are:

• Using internal best estimates
• Collaboration with customers
• Benchmark information

The 2 adverse consequences of ____ caused by demand and supply uncertainty are:

1. Customer dissatisfaction
2. Loss of sales revenue

The 2 ways to set ____ levels are:

1. Mathematical
2. Judgmental

FORMULA

Stockout rate =

FORMULA

= ^{n (number of stockouts)} / _{t (total number of orders)}

FORMULA

Service level =

FORMULA

= 1 - (^{n (number of stockouts)} / _{t (total number of orders)})

The 3 components to a ____ approach to customer service are:

1. Defining the customer service level that equals an acceptable fill rate
2. Bases the acceptable fill rate on a best-in-class benchmark
3. Can also be a rate negotiated with the customer

The 3 components of calculating ____ are:

1. Statistical basis for the calculation
2. Role of standard deviation
3. Role of the safety factor

The ____ calculation is based upon the proven statistical  probability that actual period demand values within the forecast horizon will:

• Deviate from the demand forecast
• Fall symmetrically around the period average forecast in what is called a normal distribution or a bell-shaped curve

FORMULA:

Standard deviation (σ) =

FORMULA:

= √(Σ(actual-average forecast)²)/_(n-1))

FORMULA:

Error = 

FORMULA:

= Actual - average forecast

FORMULA:

Safety Stock =

FORMULA:

σ (Standard Deviation) x Z-value (Safety Factor)

Some sources of uncertainty that affect ____ are:

• Transportation delays
• Miscommunications
• Production shortages
• Quality issues

FORMULA:

σ adjusted for LTI =

FORMULA:

= (σ for FI) x √(^LTI/_FI)

FORMULA:

SS adjusted for LTI =

FORMULA:

= SF x (σ adjusted for LTI)

FORMULA:

Stockout probability percent =

FORMULA:

= 1 - service level percent

Some examples of ____ policy are:

• Customer focus
• Service levels
• Performance management
• Systems support
• Customer interface
• Culture
• Top management leadership
• Integration with strategic goals

The 4 steps of the ____ process are:

1. Evaluate generic performance objectives
2. Define performance metrics
3. Determine lower level performance measures
4. Develop standards or targets

The 4 factors that influence ____ are:

1. Distribution channel design considerations
2. Network configuration alternatives
3. Selection of transportation modes
4. Inventory location decisions

Some examples of ____ channels are:

• Marketing and sales
• Storage/break-bulk/cross docking (warehouse)
• Consolidation
• Transportation

Some examples of ____ channels are:

• Manufacturers
• Brokers
• Distributors
• Dealers
• Retailers

The 2 things by which the strategic ____ design is chosen are:

1. Is it feasible to perform distribution channel functions internally? --OR--
2. Would it be advisable to utilize other institutional channels to perform some or all functions

The 3 basic options that manufacturers have to consider in terms of ____ are:

1. Direct/internal channel
2. Exclusive and selective channel
3. Complex channel

An example of ____ channels is:

• A jet engine company selling to the airplane manufacturer

Some examples of ____ channels are:

• Automobile dealers
• Branded high-end apparel stores

Some examples of ____ channels are:

• Regional, national, and global distributors and retailers
• Mass merchandisers

An example of ____ channels is:

• Regional warehousing

3 factors that affect the ____ decision are:

1. Customer service criteria
2. Distribution intensity
3. Channel dependence

The 4 criteria that channel structure design must address relating to ____ requirements are:

1. Product variety
2. Lead time
3. Lot size
4. Location (spatial convenience)