Deadlegs in hot piping systems may have corrosion rates that are signnificantly higher due to :

1. caustic vaporizing
2. convection currents
3. crevice corrosion
4. sulfidation

Deadlegs in hot piping systems may have corrosion rates that are signnificantly higher due to :

Convection Currents

Corrosion can occur in deadlegs of tower overhead systems as a result of:

1. dew-point corrosion
2. HTHA
3. napthenic acid
4. temper-embrittlement

Corrosion can occur in deadlegs of tower overhead systems as a result of:

                  dew-point corrosion

Corrosion can occur in some deadlegs at hydrotreating units. This is caused by:

1. Ammonium salts
2. oxygen pitting
3. SSC
4. Sulfidation

Corrosion can occur in some deadlegs at hydrotreating units. This is caused by:

CUI can be a major issue on insulated carbon steel piping systems operating between:

1. 25-250 deg F
2. 10-350 degs F
3. 40-125 degs F
4. 120-400 degs F

CUI can be a major issue on insulated carbon steel piping systems operating between:

10-350 degs F

CUI can be a major issue on insulated Stainless-steel piping systems operating between:

1. 25-250 deg F
2. 10-350 degs F
3. 40-125 degs F
4. 120-400 degs F

CUI can be a major issue on insulated Stainless-steel piping systems operating between:

120-400 degs F

CUI is a inspection concern for insulated piping operating at 500 deg. and:

1. is in intermittent service
2. is mad of stainless steel
3. is made of low chromes
4. have poorly maintained insulation

CUI is a inspection concern for insulated piping operating at 500 deg. and:

is in intermittent service

CUI of austenitic stainless steel piping:

1. occurs at temperatures between -10 to 125 deg F
2. normally appears as stress corrosion cracking
3. is the result of using insulation that contains a sulfur compound
4. normally causes deep isolated pitting

CUI of austenitic stainless steel piping:

normally appears as stress corrosion cracking

CUI is particularly aggressive:

1. in dry climates
2. when operating temperatures cause frequent condensation and re-evaporation of atmospheric moisture.
3. when operation temperatures are above 325 deg F
4. if the insulation is made of fiberglass

CUI is particularly aggressive:

IF the buied piping is uncoated at grade, the inspector should consider exacavation to check for soil-to-air corrosion. What is the recommended depth to excavate?

1. 1 to 3 "
2. 6"
3. 6'  to 12"
4. 12" to 24"

IF the buied piping is uncoated at grade, the inspector should consider exacavation to check for soil-to-air corrosion. What is the recommended depth to excavate?

6'  to 12"

The inspector checks the concrete-to-air interface of buried piping that does not have cathodic protection. Deterioration is noted. It may be necessary to remove the concrete and inspect beneath the pipe surface if this piping system is over:

1. 5 yr old
2. 10yr old
3. 15yr old
4. 25 yr old

The inspector checks the concrete-to-air interface of buried piping that does not have cathodic protection. Deterioration is noted. It may be necessary to remove the concrete and inspect beneath the pipe surface if this piping system is over:

10yr old

Sufidation of carbon steels begins to occur when the sulfur content is greater

 than 0.5% and the temperature exceeds:

1. 250 deg F
2. 450 deg F
3. 800 deg F
4. 900 deg F

Sufidation of carbon steels begins to occur when the sulfur content is greater

 than 0.5% and the temperature exceeds:

Some of the crude unit piping operates at a temperature where sulfidation can occur. Which material is most susceptible to attack?

1. A-53
2. A-106
3. 300 series SS
4. 400 series SS

Some of the crude unit piping operates at a temperature where sulfidation can occur. Which material is most susceptible to attack?

                          A-53

A caustic piping system has external heat tracing. On this system, poorly designed heat tracing can cause:

1. erosion/corrosion
2. thermal fatique
3. stress corrosion cracking
4. polythionic cracking

A caustic piping system has external heat tracing. On this system, poorly designed heat tracing can cause:

           stress corrosion cracking

Which of the following areas is least likely to be affected by corrosion/erosion?

1. upstream of a pump
2. downstream of a control valve
3. flow direction changes
4. Near orifice plates

Which of the following areas is least likely to be affected by corrosion/erosion?

upstream of a pump

When erosion damage occurs, which of the following corrosion patterns is least likely to occur?

1. Grooving
2. Waves and vallys
3. Rouned holes
4. Uniform wall loss

When erosion damage occurs, which of the following corrosion patterns is least likely to occur?

Uniform wall loss

Polythionic acid SCC occurs on what type of material?

1. Annealed Ferritic staninless steel
2. Sensitized austenitic stainless steel
3. Normalized low chromes
4. Non-stress relieved carbon steel

Polythionic acid SCC occurs on what type of material?

Sensitized austenitic stainless steel

Chloride stress corrosion cracking occurs on what type of material?

1. Austenitic SS
2. Ferritic SS
3. Carbon Steel
4. Low chromes

Chloride stress corrosion cracking occurs on what type of material?

Amine SCC occurs on what type of material?

1. Annealed ferritic SS
2. Sensitized austenitic SS
3. Normalized low chromes
4. Non-stress relieved carbon steel

Amine SCC occurs on what type of material?

Non-stress relieved carbon steel

During a turnaround, environmental cracking is detected during an interal inspection of a pressure vessel. The inspector should:

1. inspect the downstreem piping for environmental cracking
2. inspect the upstream piping for environmental cracking
3.  inspect both the upstream and downstream piping for environmental cracking
4. inspect ustream and downstream piping approximately 12" or 3 diameters (whichever is greater) away from the vessel nozzle.

During a turnaround, environmental cracking is detected during an interal inspection of a pressure vessel. The inspector should:

Inspect both the upstream and downstream piping for environmental cracking

An internal inspection is being conducted on a refractory-lined piping system. how much refractory should be removed to check the condition of the pipe's internal surface?

1. A min of 10% should be removed
2. A small area of refractory should be removed on each length of pipe
3. At least one small area of refractory should be removed in the most suspect area
4. Removal of refractory is not required unless there is reason to suspect that corrosionis occurring under the refractory

An internal inspection is being conducted on a refractory-lined piping system. How much refractory should be removed to check the condition of the pipe's internal surface?

Which of the following is not a cause of fatigue cracking?

1. Piping vibration
2. Pressure cycles
3. Thermal cycles
4. Viscosity cycles

Which of the following is not a cause of fatigue cracking?

Fatigue cracking can typically be first detected at:

1. piping supports and hangers
2. misaligned flaged connections
3. branched connections
4. socket-weld fitting

Fatigue cracking can typically be first detected at:

Each of the following piping system operates with daily temperature cycle of over 400 deg F. In which system is fatigue cracking most likely to occur?

1. Pipe welds having dissimilar materials, e.g. carbon steel & stainless
2. Butt welded low chrome piping
3. Butt welded sensitized austenitic stainless steel
4. No-stress relieved carbon steels 

Each of the following piping system operates with daily temperature cycle of over 400 deg F. In which system is fatigue cracking most likely to occur?

Fatigue cracking is difficult to find using NDE because:

1. The cracking location are difficult to predict
2. The cracking is very tight and not easy to find with conventional PT techniques
3. Once the cracking initiates it may take only a few days before the crack progresses 100% through the pipe wall
4. the NDE technicians are not available, they are in the tank farm sleeping in the back of the RT truck

Fatigue cracking is difficult to find using NDE because:

Creep cracking is depenent on:

1. Cycles, time and temperature
2. cycles, temperature and stress
3. time, temperature, and pressure
4. time, temperature, and stress

Creep cracking is depenent on:

Creep cracking begins to occur on 1 1/4 Cr steels operating above:

1. 450 deg f
2. 700 deg F
3. 900 deg F
4. 1100 deg F

Creep cracking begins to occur on 1 1/4 Cr steels operating above:

900 deg F

Most brittle fractures have occurred:

1. during the 1st year of srvice
2. during the first hydrostatic test
3. after the material has been overheated and then cooled
4. when using relatively thin walled piping

Most brittle fractures have occurred:

during the first hydrostatic test

Low alloy steels (specially 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo materials) are subject to:

1. Temper embrittlement
2. Brittle fracture
3. Environmental cracking
4. Fatigue cracking

Low alloy steels (specially 2 1/4 Cr-1 Mo materials) are subject to:

Temper embrittlement

Low chromes steels:

1. may be brittle when operation above 650 deg F
2. may be brittle at ambient temperatures after operating above 650 deg F
3. are subject to polythionic cracking when operating above 650 deg F
4. are subject to SCC when operating above 650 deg F

Low chromes steels:

Temper embrittlement occurs in certain materials when:

1. the operation temperature is within 30 deg F of the piping's MDMT
2. weld repairs are performed and the metal temperature is below 32 deg f
3.  the process temperatures exceed 650 deg F
4. the proces environment contains low temperature caustic

Temper embrittlement occurs in certain materials when:

the process temperatures exceed 650 deg F

Low chrome materials are subject to temper-embrittlement. these materials are:

1. Brittle when new
2.  become brittle due to welding
3.  brittle at temperatures above 650 deg F
4. brittle at low temperatures due to metallurgical changes that occurred during high temperature operation

Low chrome materials are subject to temper-embrittlement. these materials are:

brittle at low temperatures due to metallurgical changes that occurred during high temperature operation