Term
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Definition
-An element or compund of elements that occur naturally in the Earth's crust.
-They can be metals or nommetals. |
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Term
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Definition
-Established to encourage settlement in western states
-Grants free access to individuals and corporations to prospect for minerals in pubvlic domain lands and allows them, upon making a discovery, to stake a claim on that deposit. |
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Term
| Define magmatic concentration |
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Definition
| When magma cools and solidifies in Earths crust and then separates into layers that contain heavier iron-and magnesium-containing rock at the botton and lighter silicates on the top. |
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Term
| What processes lead to to the formation of minerals? |
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Definition
-magmatic concentration
-hydrothermal processes
-sedimentation
-evaporatiom |
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Term
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Definition
Occur when groundwater that has been heated in the Earth (sometimes contains Chloride and Fluorine),seeps through cracks and fissures and dissolves certain minerals in the rocks. The minerals are then carries in the hot water solution which may then encounter sulfur, creating a chemical reaction that produce metal sulfides not soluble in water that then settle out of the solution.
-Ex: gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc. |
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Term
How does sedimentation produce minerals?
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Definition
As weathered particles are treasported by H2O & deposited in riverbanks, the sea floor and deltas,certain minerals of the rock dissolve int the water and later settle out.
Ex: iron, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, copper. |
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Term
How does evaporation contribute to the formation of minerals?
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Definition
-significant amounts of minerals accumulate in inland lakes and in seas that have a small or no outlet to the ocean.
-They then dry up by evaporation and leave behind salts.
-Ex: table salt, borax, potassium salts, gypsum.
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Term
How are mineral deposits found? |
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Definition
-Through the use of
1) aerial or satellite photography- finds geological formations that are associated with certain types of minerals deposits.
2.) aircraft and Stateline instruments that measure Earth’s magnetic field and gravity- reveal certain types of deposits.
3.) Geological knowledge of Earth’s crust and mineral formations.
4.) Seismographs
*ocean floor-detailed 3-d maps and depth measuring devices.
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Term
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Definition
| Lage holes that apre formed by open-pit mining. |
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Term
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Definition
| hills of loose rock created when overburden from a new trench is put on a old one. |
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Definition
| a direct vertical shaft to the vein of ore. |
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Definition
| has a slanting passage that makes it possible to haul broken ore out of the mine in cars rather than hoisting it up in buckets. |
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Term
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Definition
the melting of the ore at high temperatures to help separate impurities from molten metal.
EX: copper, tin, lead, iron, cobalt, manganese, or nickel |
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