Term
| Interspecific competition |
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Definition
| when members of 2 or more species interact to gain access to the same limited resources. |
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| once species feeds directly on members of another species |
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| (+,-) parasite is gaining and host is getting hurt |
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| "competitive exclusion principle" |
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Definition
| no two species can occupy the same ecological niche for very long. this makes competition and the one that is better wins. |
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Definition
| A member of one species feeds directly on all or part of a living organism of another plant or animal species as part of a food web |
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Term
| Detritus feeders and decomposers are not considered predators |
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Definition
| they don't feed on living organisms |
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Term
| Difference in predation between herbivores and carnivores |
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Definition
Herbivores=can simply walk, swim, fly up to plants ex) urchins
Carnivores feed on mobile prey |
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| common strategy some species discourage predators with chemicals that are poisonous (skunk=smell) |
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| camo, chemical warfare, coloration, mimicry, deceptive behaviors |
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Definition
| when population of 2 different species interact in this way over time, changes in the gene pool of one species can lead to changes in the gene pool of the other one |
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Definition
| maintaining long term sustainability through population control |
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some species evolve to reduce niche overlap.
ex) birds feeding in different parts of the tree |
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Definition
| Population dynamics is the study of how characteristics of populations change in response to changes in this |
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ex) elephants
most common |
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| tendency for populations to be found randomly about their habitat |
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Definition
opportunists
no parental care |
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Definition
reproduce later in life
mature slow
cared by parents |
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Term
| the result of a founder effect can be that ________ or variability may threaten the survival of the population |
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Definition
| limited genetic diversity |
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| a catastrophe occurs such as fire and a few survive |
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| few individuals in a population colonize a new habitat that is geographically isolated from others |
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| random changes in the gene frequencies in a population that can lead to unequal reproductive success |
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Definition
| when individuals in a small population mate |
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Term
| edge habitat, suburbanization |
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Definition
| the border area that white tailed deer utilize |
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Term
| which of the two successions take the longest |
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Definition
| primary because it is a gradual establishment of biotic communities in life-less areas where there is no soil |
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Definition
| series of communities or ecosystems with different species develop in places containing soil or bottom sediment |
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| ability of a living system such as a grassland or forest, to survive moderate disturbance |
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| ability of a living system to restore through secondary succession after moderate disturbances |
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Term
| replacement Fertility rate |
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Definition
| The average # of children that couples in a population must bear to replace themselves |
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| the # of children born to a women during her lifetime |
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| Average # of children born to women in a population during their reproductive years |
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Definition
| first their death rates and birth rates decline |
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Term
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Definition
| population grows very slowly because of a high birth and death rate |
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Definition
| population grows rapidly because birth rates are high and death rates drop because improved food production |
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| population growth slows as both birth and death rates drop because of improved food production, health and education |
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| huge factor in reducing the # of births and abortions throughout the world |
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