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| power of the courts to review acts of other branches of the gov't and the states |
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| established the basic three-tiered structure of the federal court system |
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| Marbury vs Madison (1803) |
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| Case in which the Supreme Ct first asserted the power of judicial review in finding that the congressional statute extending the Ct's original jurisdiction was unconstitutional. |
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| Courts of original jurisdiction where cases begin |
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| courts that generally review only findings of law made by lower courts |
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| authority vested in a particular court to hear and decide the issues in any particular case. |
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| the jurisdiction of courts that hear a case first, usually in a trial. Courts determine the facts of a case under their original jurisdiction. |
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| the power vested in an appellate court to review an/or revise the decision of a lower court. |
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| codes of behavior related to the protection of property and individual safety. |
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| codes of behavior related to business and contractual relationships btwn groups and individuals. |
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| courts established by Congress for specialized purposes, such as the Court of Military Appeals |
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| A document containing the legal written arguments in a case filed w/a court by a party prior to a hearing or trial. |
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| a prior judicial decision that serves as a rule for settling subsequent cases of a similar nature. |
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| In court rulings, a reliance on past decisions or precedents to formulate decisions in new cases. |
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| Process by which presidents generally defer selectionof district court judges to the choice of senators of their own party who represent the state whre the vacancy occurs. |
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| A request for the Court to order up the recors from a lower court to review the case |
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| at least four justices of the supreme court must vote to consider a case before it can be heard. |
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| the fourth-ranking member of the Department of Justice; responsible for handling all appeals on behalf of the U.S. gov'ts to the Supreme Ct. |
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| "Friends of the Court" amici, may file briefs or even appear to argue their interests orally before the court. |
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| A philospphy of judicial decision making that argues courts should allow the decisions of other branches of gov't to stand, even when they offend a judge's own sense of principles |
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| a philosophy of judicial decision making that argues judges should use their power broadly to further justice, especially in the ares of equality and personal libertya philosophy of judicial decision making that argues judges should use their power broadly to further justice, especially in the ares of equality and personal liberty |
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| An approach to constitutional interpretation that emphasizes the Framers' original intentions |
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| Refers to how and whether judicial decisions are translated into actual public policies affecting more than the immediate parties to a lawsuit. |
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