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| Large, Complex organization composed of appointed officials |
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| Another phrase for political patronage- that is, the practice of giving the fruits of a party's victory, such as jobs and contracts, to the loyal members of that party |
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| Economic theory that government should not regulate or interfere with commerce |
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| Extent to which appointed bureaucrats can choose courses of action and make policies that are not spelled out in advance by laws |
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| The government offices to which people are appointed on the grounds of merit as ascertained by a written exam/ based on criteria |
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| Job to be filled by a person whom a government agency has identified by name |
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| Close relationship between an agency, congressional committee, and an interest group that often becomes a mutually advantageous alliance |
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| Network of people in Washington-based interest groups, on congressional staffs, in universities and thank tanks, and in the mass media who regularly discuss and advocate public policy |
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| Authorization legislation |
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| Legislative permission to begin or continue a government program or agency, in the form of a bill. May be annual, multiyear, or permanent |
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| A legislative grant of money to finance a government program |
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| Funds for government programs that are collected and spent outside the regular government budget; the amounts are determined by preexisting law rather than by annual appropriations |
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| Authorization Legislation that occurs every year |
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| Ability of a congressional committee to review and approve certain agency decisions in advance and without passing a law. Such approval is not legally binding, but usually respected |
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| Complex Bureaucratic rules and procedures that must be followed to get something done |
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