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AP Stats
Vocab in AP Stats
23
Mathematics
12th Grade
08/28/2011

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Term
Statistics
Definition
Science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information to draw conclusions or answer questions
Term
Lurking Variable
Definition
Hidden variable affecting outcome
Term
Population
Definition
Group being asked
Term
Individual
Definition
Person in population
Term
Sample
Definition
Subset of the population
Term
Descriptive Statistics
Definition
Organize and summarize information
Term
Inferential Statistics
Definition
Uses methods that take results from sample, extends them to the population, and measures the reliability of the result
Term
Double-Blind Experiment
Definition
Neither doctor nor patient know if patient is in the control or experimental group
Term
Qualitative Data
Definition
Data that can be counted
Term
Quantitative Data
Definition
Data dealing with characteristics
Term
Approach
Definition
A way to look at and organize a problem to find a solution
Term
Discrete Variable
Definition
Quantitative Variable with either a finite number of possible values or a countable number of possible values
Term
Continuous Variable
Definition
Quantitative variable with infinite possible values
Term
Placebo
Definition
Innocuous drug
Term
Control Group
Definition
A group used for comparison
Term
Observational Study
Definition
Does not show causation (measures characteristics of a population, but does not attempt to manipulate or influence variables)
Term
Designed Experiment
Definition
Has treatment and shows causation
Term
Treatment
Definition
Something researchers administer to experimental units
Term
AP Format for Random Sample
Definition

1. Give everyone in population a number

2. Randomly choose a number

3. The person who matches the number is in the sample

4. Repeats are thrown out

5. The process is repeated until you have enough people in sample

Term
Stratified Sample
Definition
Separating population into non-overlapping, homogeneous (individuals are similar in some way) groups called strata then obtaining a simple random sample from each stratum
Term
Systematic Sample
Definition
Selecting every nth individual from the population for sample
Term
Cluster Sample
Definition

Selecting all individuals within a randomly selected collection or group of individuals 

(i.e. separate room into quadrants and say group 2 is the sample)

Term
Convenience Sample
Definition
Individuals are easily obtained
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