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AP Psych: Neuroanatomy
N/A
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/06/2012

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Cards

Term
a nerve cell, which transmits electrical and chemical information throughout the body
Definition
neuron
Term
part of the neuron that receives information from the axons of other nerve cells
Definition
dendrite
Term
part of the neuron that carries messages away from one neuron to the dendrites of another
Definition
axon
Term
contains the nucleus and other parts of the cell needed to sustain its life
Definition
cell body/soma
Term
a fatty covering around the axon that speeds neural impulses
Definition
Myelin sheath
Term
the branched end of the axon that contains neurotransmitters
Definition
terminal buttons
Term
bubblelike containers of neurotransmitters, located at the end of an axon
Definition
vesicles
Term
chemicals in the endings of nerve cells that send information across the synapse
Definition
neurotransmitters
Term
neurotransmitter that regulates basic bodily processes such as movement
Definition
Acetylcholine
Term
a neurotransmitter involved in the control of bodily movements ( involved in Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s)
Definition
Dopamine
Term
neurotransmitters that relieve pain and increase our sense of wellbeing
Definition
endorphins
Term
mood control
Definition
seotonin
Term
the junction point of two or more neurons; a connection is made by neurotransmitters.
Definition
synapse
Term
Action potential
All-or-none principle
Afferent neurons, or sensory neurons
Interneurons
Efferent neurons, or motor neurons
Definition
Term
brain and spinal cord
Definition
central nervous system
Term
all other nerves (besides brain and spinal cord)
Definition
peripheral nervous system
Term
controls voluntary movement
Definition
somatic nervous system
Term
controls involuntary movements
Definition
autonomic nervous system
Term
speeds things up- prepares body for fight or flight
Definition
sympathetic nervous system
Term
brings the body back to normal
Definition
parasympathetic nervous system
Term
covers the lower brain and controls mental processes such as thought
Definition
cerebral cortex
Term
contains the motor strip and frontal association area
Definition
frontal lobes
Term
plays an important part in integrating personality and in forming complex thoughts
Definition
frontal association area
Term
band running down the side of the frontal lobe that controls all bodily movements
Definition
motor strip
Term
area that contains the sensory strip
Definition
parietal lobes
Term
band running down the side of he parietal lobe that registers and provides all sensation
Definition
sensory strip
Term
area that interprets visual information
Definition
occipital lobes
Term
area responsible for hearing and some speech functions
Definition
temporal lobes
Term
major division of the brain
Definition
lobe
Term
one-half of the two halves of the brain; controls the opposite side of the body
Definition
hemispheres
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