Term
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Definition
| a four part process that involves physiological arousal, subjective feelings, cognitive interpretation, and behavioral expression which interact |
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Term
| Who said that there were 7 basic/universal emotions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are Ekman's basic/universal emotions? |
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Definition
Sadness
Fear
Anger
Disgust
Contempt
Happiness
Surprise |
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Term
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Definition
| the permissible ways of displaying emotions in a particular society |
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Term
| How many emotions are in the dictionary? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who said that there are 8 universal emotions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were Plutchik's emotions? |
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Definition
Joy
Acceptance
Fear
Surprise
Sadness
Disgust
Anger
Anticipation |
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Term
| What is the Lateralization of emotion? |
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Definition
| the 2 brain hemispheres influence emotions differently |
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Term
| What does the left hemisphere of the brain do in lateralization of emotion? |
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Definition
| it controls positive emotions |
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Term
| What does the right hemisphere of the brain do in lateralization of emotion? |
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Definition
| it controls negative emotions |
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Term
| What is the James-Lange Theory? |
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Definition
| proposal that an emotion-provoking stimulus produces a physical response that produces an emotion |
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Term
| What is the Cannon-Bard Theory? |
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Definition
| counter proposal theory that an emotional feeling and an internal physiological response occur at the same time |
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Term
| In the Cannon-Bard Theory, the emotional feeling and internal physiological response are the result of what? |
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Definition
| the cognitive appraisal of the situation |
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Term
| What is the Two-factor Theory? |
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Definition
| claims that emotion results from the cognitive appraisal of both physical arousal and an emotion-provoking stimulus |
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Term
| Who developed the Two-factor theory? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Cognitive Appraisal Theory? |
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Definition
| theory that says that individuals decide on an appropriate emotion following the event |
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Term
| What is the Opponent-process Theory? |
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Definition
| theory that says that emotions have pairs-when one is triggered, the other is suppressed |
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Term
| What is the Inverted U Function? |
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Definition
| describes the relationship between arousal and performance |
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Term
| According to the Inverted U function, at what level does arousal produce lower performance? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a sensation seeker? |
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Definition
| individual who has a biological need for higher levels of stimulation than other people |
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Term
| Who came up with the Cognitive Appraisal theory? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who said individuals have a biological need for high levels of stimulation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who said that we conquer emotional responses by changing the way we think about the events? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Emotional Intelligence? |
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Definition
| the ability to understand and control emotional responses |
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Term
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Definition
| device that records and graphs many measures of physical arousal |
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Term
| What are some of the specific things that polygraphs measure? |
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Definition
| heart rate, breathing, perspiration, and blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| all the processes involved in starting, directing, and maintaining physical and psychological activities |
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Term
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Definition
| Biologically instigated motivation |
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Term
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Definition
| internal mechanism that selects and directs behavior; urges that are mainly learned |
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Term
| What are the two types of motivation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Waht are the two types of motive? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Intrinsic Motivation? |
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Definition
| desire to engage in an activity for its own sake; there is no reward |
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Term
| What does intrinsic motivation arise from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is extrinsic motivation? |
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Definition
| desire to engage in an activity to achieve a reward |
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Term
| What are the two causes of motives and drives? |
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Definition
Conscious Motivation
Unconscious Motivation |
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Term
| What is Conscious Motivation? |
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Definition
| having the desire to engage in an activity and being aware of the desire |
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Term
| What is Unconscious Motivation? |
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Definition
| having a desire to engage in activity but being consciously unaware of the desire |
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Term
| Who emphasized Unconscious Motivation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Instinct Theory? |
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Definition
| certain behaviors are determined by innate factors, experience can modify some behaviors |
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Term
| What did the Instinct Theory overlook? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the theory that was adopted after the Intstinct theory? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who tested emotional intelligence with marshmellows? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the results of the children that Goleman tested when they were teens? |
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Definition
| Those who waited had higher SAT scores, better relationships, and were more self-reliant; while those who didn't wait were shy, stobborn, and indecisive |
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Term
| Who also studied emotional intelligence? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are four facts to help detect deception? |
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Definition
1. Some lies involve false information
2. Lie involves hiding one's true feelings
3. The face is easier to control than the body
4. The ability to look you straight in the eyes |
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Term
| What 3 things to Polygraphs usually contain? |
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Definition
1. Critical questions
2. Irrelevant questions
3. Control questions |
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Term
| How accurate are Polygraphs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are fixed-action patterns? |
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Definition
| genetically based behaviors that can be set off by a specific stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| a biological imbalance that threatens survival if the need is left unmet |
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Term
| What is the Drive Theory? |
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Definition
| Theory that a Biological need produces a drive that is seen as an urge to meet that need, and an animal seeks to be in balance |
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Term
| What is Drive Reduction in the Drive Theory? |
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Definition
| the process of acting to reduce the drive level |
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Term
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Definition
| the body's tendency to maintain a biologically balanced condition, especially with regard to nutrients, water, and temperature |
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Term
| What is the Locus of Control? |
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Definition
| an individual's sense of where his or her life influences originate |
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Term
| What are the two types of Locus of Control? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the social-learning theory? |
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Definition
| states that the likelihood of our selecting a certain behavior is determined by the expectation of attaining a goal and the personal value of the goal |
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Term
| Who developed the Social-Learning Theory? |
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Definition
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Term
| What theory is the Social-Learning Theory and the Locus of control put together? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Freud's Psychodynamic Theory? |
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Definition
| motivation comes from the unconscious mind and produces the two desires eros and thanatos |
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Term
| What is the unconscious mind in Freud's Psychodymanic Theory called? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| agressive distructive iimpluses |
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Term
| What connects observable behavior and internal state? |
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Definition
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Term
| What accounts for variation in behavior? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does motivation explain? |
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Definition
| perseverance despite adversity |
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Term
| What does motivation relate? |
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Definition
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Term
| When do motive change according to Freud? |
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Definition
| from childhood to adulthood |
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Term
| What is the hierarchy of needs? |
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Definition
| the notion that needs occur in priority order |
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Term
| Whose theory is based on the hierarchy of needs? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the order of the needs. |
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Definition
1.Biological
2. Safety
3. Attachment and Affiliation
4. Esteem
5. Self-Actualization |
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Term
| What is overjustification? |
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Definition
| the process which external rewards can sometimes displace internal motivation |
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Term
| Who developed overjustification? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the proper use of justification? |
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Definition
| when a person is rewarded on a job well done |
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Term
| What is the need for achievement? |
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Definition
| mental state that produces a psychological motive to excel or to reach some goal |
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Term
| Who helped develop the need for achievement and Thematic Apperception Test? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Thematic Apperception Test? |
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Definition
| test that measures achievement motivation where people are asked to tell stories in response to pictures |
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Term
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Definition
| the view that places a high value on individual achievement and distinction |
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Term
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Definition
| the view that values group loyalty and pride over individual distinction |
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Term
| Where is individualism most common? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is Collectivism most common? |
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Definition
| Asia, Africa, Lantin America, and the Middle East |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the tendency of the body to maintain a certain level of body fat and body weight |
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Term
| What are the three things that initiate eating? |
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Definition
1. Internal cues
2. Biologically based food preferences
3. Environmental factors |
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Term
| What are the 4 things that stop or prevent eating? |
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Definition
1. Internal cues
2. Biologically based food aversions
3. Environmental Factors
4. Factors of mixed origins |
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Term
| What is volumetric thirst? |
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Definition
| a drop in extracellular fluid levels |
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Term
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Definition
| a drop in intracellular fluid levels |
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Term
| Who was the first to credibly study human sexuality? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who observed the physical reactions during sex while the people were having sex? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Sexual Response Cycle? |
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Definition
the four stage sequence of
1. Arousal
2. Plateau
3. Orgasm
4. Resolution
occurring in both men and women |
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Term
| What is the major human sex orgain? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| socially learned ways of responding in sexual situations |
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Term
| What is Approach-approach conflict? |
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Definition
| a conflict in which one must choose between two equally attractive options |
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Term
| What is Approach-avoidance conflict? |
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Definition
| a conflict in which there are both appealing and negative aspects to the decision to be made |
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Term
| What is avoidance-avoidance conflict? |
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Definition
| a conflict in which there are both appealing and negative aspects to the decision to be made |
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Term
| What is Multiple approach-avaoidance conflict? |
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Definition
| a conflict in which one must choose between options that have both many attractive and many negative aspects |
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Term
| What is sexual orientation? |
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Definition
| one's erotic attraction toward a member of the same sex, member of the opposite sex, or both sexes |
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Term
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Definition
| a physical and mental response to a challenging or threatening situation |
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Term
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Definition
| a stressful stimulus, a condition demanding adaption |
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Term
| What are the 3 primitive stressors? |
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Definition
| starvation, exposure to the elements, and mortal attack |
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Term
| What are traumatic stressors? |
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Definition
| situations that threaten one's physical safety, arousing feelings of fear, horror, or helplessness |
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Term
| What are the 5 stages experienced when a disaster happens? |
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Definition
1. Psychic numbness
2. Automatic Action
3. Communal effort
4. Letdown
5. recovery |
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Term
| What is psychic numbness? |
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Definition
| includes shock and confusion and victims cannont comprehend what has happened |
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Term
| What is automatic action? |
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Definition
| victims have little awareness of their own experiences and later show poor recall for what has happened |
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Term
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Definition
| where people pool resources and collaborate, proud of their accomplishments, but also weary |
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Term
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Definition
| depleted of energy, survivors comprehend and feel the tragedy's impact |
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Term
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Definition
| survivors adapt to the changes created by the disaster |
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Term
| What is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder? |
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Definition
| delayed stress reaction in which an individual involuntarily reexperiences emotional, cognitive, and behavioral aspects of past trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| a physical and mental response to a challenging or threatening situation |
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Term
|
Definition
| a stressful stimulus, a condition demanding adaption |
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Term
| What are the 3 primitive stressors? |
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Definition
| starvation, exposure to the elements, and mortal attack |
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Term
| What are traumatic stressors? |
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Definition
| situations that threaten one's physical safety, arousing feelings of fear, horror, or helplessness |
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Term
| What are the 5 stages experienced when a disaster happens? |
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Definition
1. Psychic numbness
2. Automatic Action
3. Communal effort
4. Letdown
5. recovery |
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Term
| What is psychic numbness? |
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Definition
| includes shock and confusion and victims cannont comprehend what has happened |
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Term
| What is automatic action? |
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Definition
| victims have little awareness of their own experiences and later show poor recall for what has happened |
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Term
|
Definition
| where people pool resources and collaborate, proud of their accomplishments, but also weary |
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Term
|
Definition
| depleted of energy, survivors comprehend and feel the tragedy's impact |
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Term
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Definition
| survivors adapt to the changes created by the disaster |
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Term
| What is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder? |
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Definition
| delayed stress reaction in which an individual involuntarily reexperiences emotional, cognitive, and behavioral aspects of past trauma |
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Term
| What are the 4 physical responses to any stressor? |
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Definition
1. Arousal
2. Fight-or-Flight
3. Internal response of the autonomic nervous system
4. decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| temporary pattern of stressor-activated arousal with a distinct onset and limited duration |
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Term
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Definition
| continuous stressful arousal persisting over time |
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Term
| What is Fight-or-Flight response? |
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Definition
| sequence of internal processes preparing an organism ofr struggle or escape |
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Term
| What is General Adaption Syndrome (GAS)? |
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Definition
| Pattern of general physical responses that take essentially the same orm in resonding to any serious chronic stressor |
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Term
| What are the three stages of GAS? |
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Definition
1. Alarm reaction
2. Resistance
3. Exhaustion |
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Term
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Definition
| first stage of the GAS, during which the body mobilizes its resources to cope with a stressor |
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Term
| Where does the Alarm reaction start? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the stage of resistance? |
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Definition
| second stage of the GAS during which the body adapts to and uses resources to cope with a stressor |
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Term
| What is the stage of exhaustion? |
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Definition
| third stage of the GAS during which the body depletes its resources in responding to an ongoing stressor |
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Term
| Who believed that the Fight-or-Flight Response mainly applied to men and not to women? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Who came up with the Tend-and-befriend model? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Tend-and-befriend model? |
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Definition
| stress response model proposing that females are biologically predisposed to respond to threat by nurturing and protecting offspring and seeking social support |
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Term
| What is the immune system? |
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Definition
| bodily organs and responses that protect the body from foreign substances and threats |
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Term
| What is Psychoneuroimmunology? |
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Definition
| multidisciplinary field that studies the influence of mental states on the immune systems |
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Term
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Definition
| hormonelike chemicals facilitating commnication between the brain and immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior pattern characterized intense, angry, competitive, or perfectionistic responses to challenging situations |
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Term
|
Definition
| Behavior pattern characterized by relaxed, unstressed approach to life |
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Term
| What is Learned helplessness? |
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Definition
| Pattern of failure to respond to noxious stimuli after an organism learns its responses are ineffective |
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Term
| Who experimented with learned helplessness and dogs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who experimented with students and learned helplessness? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 6 processes of experiencing the resilient mindset? |
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Definition
1. Feeling in control of your life
2. Communicating and interacting effectively with others
3. Establishing realistic goals and expectations
4. Learning from both successes and failures
5. Feeling empathy and compassion for others
6. Feeling special |
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Term
| Who came up with the idea of "flow"? |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| an intense focus on an activity accompanied by increased creativity and near-ecstatic feelings; involves intrinsic motivation |
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