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| A reference in a work of literature to something outside the work, especially to a well known historical or literary event. |
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| A speaker's, author's, or character's disposition toward an opinion of a subject. |
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| Details are items or parts that makeup a larger picture of a story. |
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| The techniqures of deploying the sound of words especially in poetry. Among devices of sound are rhyme, alliteration,assonance, consonance, and onomatopoeia. The devices are used for many reasons including, creating a general effect of pleasant or discordant sound, imitating another sound, or reflecting a meaning. |
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| Word choice. Nearly all essay questions on a passage or prose or a poem will ask you to talk about diction or about techniques that include diction. Any word that is important to the meaning and effect of the passage can be used in your essay. |
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| Writing that uses figures of speech such as metaphor, simile, and irony. Figurative language used words to mean something other that of their literal meaning. |
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| The images of a literary work; the sensory details of a work; to figurative language of a work. Imagery as several definitions but the two that are paramount are the visual, auditory, or tactile images evoked by the words of a literary work or the images that figurative language evokes. |
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| A figure of speech in which intent and actual meaning differ, characteristically praise for blame or blame for praise; a pattern of words that turns away from the direct statement of its obvious meaning. The term irony implies discrepancy. In verbal irony, the discrepancy is between statement and meaning. |
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| A figurative use of language in which a comparison is expressed without the use of a comparative term like "as" or "like." |
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| The methods involved in telling a story; the procedures used by a writer or stories or accounts. Narrative technique is a general term that asks you to discuss the procedures used in the telling of a story. |
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| The vantage point of a story in which the narrator can know, see, and report whatever they choose. |
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| Any of several possible vantage points from which a story can be told. The point of view may be omniscient, limited to that of a single character, or limited to that of several characters. And there are other possibilities. |
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| A general phrase for the linguistic devices or techniques that a writer can use. A question calling for the resources of language invites a student to discuss the style and rhetoric of a passage. Such topics as diction, syntax, figurative language, and imagery, are all examples of resources of language. |
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| The devices used in effective persuasive language. The number of rhetorical techniques, like that of resources of language, is long and runs from apostrophe to zeugma. The more coman examples include devices like contrast, repetitions, paradox, understatement, sarcasm, and rhetorical question. |
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| Writing that seeks to arouse a reader's disapproval of an object by ridicule. Satire is usually comedy that exposes error with an eye to correct vice and folly. |
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| The background to a story; the physical location of a play, story, or novel. The setting of a narrative will normally involve both time and place. |
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| A directly expressed comparison; a figure of speech comparing two objects, usually with like, as or than. |
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| Strategy/ Rhetorical Strategy |
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| The management of language for specific effect. The strategy of a poem is the planned placing of elements to achieve an effect. |
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| The arrangement of materials within a work; the relationship of the parts of work to the whole; the logical divisions of a work. The most common principles of structure are series, contrast, and repetition. |
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| The mode of expressin in language; the chracteristic manner of expression of an author. Many elements contribute to style, and if a question calls for a discussion of style or of stylistic techniques, you can discuss diction, syntax, figurative language, imagery, selection of detail, sound effects, and tone, using the ones that are appropriate. |
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| Something that is simultaneously itself and a sign of something else. |
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| The structure of a sentence; the arrangement of words in a sentence. |
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| The main thought expressed by a work. |
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| The manner in which an author expresses his or her attitude; the intonation of the voice that expresses the meaning. |
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| The repetition of identical or similar consonant sounds, normally at the beginning of words. |
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| The repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds. |
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| A four line stanza rhymed abcb with four feet in lines on and three and three feet in lines two and four. |
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| Unrhymed iambic pentameter |
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| A metrical foot of three syllables an accented syllable followed by two unaccented syllables. |
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| A line with a pause at the end. Lines that end with a period, comma, colon, semi colon,exclamation point, or question mark are end stopped lines. |
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| Poetry which is not written in a traditional meter but is still rhythmical. |
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| Two end stopped iambic pentameter lines rhymed aa, bb, cc, with the thought usually completed in the two line united. |
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| a line containing six feet |
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| A two syllable foot with an unaccented syllable. The iamb is the most common foot in English poetry. |
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| Rhyme that occurs within a line, rather then at the end. |
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| The use of words whose sound suggests their meaning. |
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| A line containing 5 feet. |
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| A seven line stanza of iambic pentameter rhymed ababbcc used by medieval poets. |
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| Normally a fourteen line iambic pentameter poem. The conventional italian sonnet is rhymed abba abba cde cde. |
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| Usually a repeated grouping of three or more lines with the same meter and rhyme scheme. |
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| A three lined stanza rhymed aba bcb cdc. |
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| Involves direct contrast of structurally parallel word groupings, general for the purpose of contrast. |
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| a deliberate extravagant and often outrageous exageration |
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| a form of paradox hat combines a pair of contrary terms into a single expression. |
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| a statement that contradicts itself. |
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| Giving inanimate objects animate characteristics |
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| a play on words that are identical or similar in sound, but have sharply diverse meanings. |
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| a type of irony in which a person appears to be praising something but is actually insulting it. |
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| the opposite of a hyperbole. A type of irony that represents something as much less then it actually is. |
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