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| Form of extended metaphor, in which objects, persons, and actions in a narrative, are equated with the meanings that lie outside the narrative itself; a literal and symbolic meaning. |
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| The repetition of initial sounds in neighboring words. |
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| A brief reference to a person, event, or place, real or fictitious, or to a work of art. |
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| The comparison of two pairs which have the same relationship. The ket is to ascertain the relationship between the first so you can choose the correct second pair. "Hot is to cold, as fire is to ice". |
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| "Doubling back" in Greek. The idea is that you end one sentence with the same word that you start the next sentence with. |
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| A rhetorical figure involving the exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences. |
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| When an absent person, an abstract concept, or an important object is directly addressed. |
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| The repetition of vowel sounds but not consonant sounds as in consonance. Fleet feet sweep geek. |
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| Harsh, discordant sounds. Opposite of euphony. |
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| A natural pause or break. |
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| An implied meaning of a word. |
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| The literal meaning of a word, the dictionary meaning. |
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| The choice of a particular word as opposed to others. |
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| A poetic statement that spans more than one line. "Striding over," do not end with grammatical break and their sense is not complete without the following lines. |
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| Soothing pleasant sounds. Opposite of Cacophony. |
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| Exaggeration or overstatement. |
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| Language that evokes one or all of the five senses. |
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| Implied discrepancy between what is said and what is meant. There are three kinds of irony. Verbal, dramatic, or situational. |
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| An act or habit of misusing words ridiculously. |
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| Comparison of two unlike things using the verb to be, and not using like or as. |
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| Using a vaguely suggestive, physical object to embody a more general idea. |
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| A conspicuous recurring element, such as a type of incident, a device, a reference, or verbal formula, which appears frequently in works of literature. |
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| The emotional attitude the author takes towards her subject. Similar to Tone. |
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| Word that imitates the sounds it represents. Splash wow gush kerplunk |
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| Putting two contradictory words together. Hot ice, cold fire, wise fool... |
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| Reveals a kind of truth which at first seems contradictory. Two opposing ideas. |
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| Giving human qualities to animals or objects. |
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| Pattern of rhymed words in a stanza or generalized throughout a poem. Expressed in alphabetic terms. |
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| A kind of literature that ridicules human folly or vice with the purpose of bringing about reform. Generally has a moral purpose, provokes a response to correctable human failings, ideally some kind of reform. |
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| A figure of speech comparing two distinct things using words such as like or as to link the two. |
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| A grouping of lines in a poem. |
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| Using an object or action that means something more than its literal meaning |
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| When one uses a part to represent the whole. Lend me your ears |
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| Involves taking one type of sensory input and mingling it with another separate sense in an impossible way. How a color sounds, or how a smell looks. Hitting a "blue note". |
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| The way in which linguistic elements (as words) are put together to form phrases: "what light from yonder window breaks?" |
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| The general idea or insight about life that a writer wishes to express. All of the elements of literary term contribute to theme. |
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| The attitude a writer take towards a subject or character: serious, humorous, sarcastic, ironic, satirical, tongue-in-cheek, solemn, objective. |
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| Used to highlight the obvious. An overexageration. |
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| Inversion of the normal syntactic order of words. To market went she. |
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| Substitution of an agreeable or less offensive expression in place of one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant to the listener. It also may be a substitution of a description of something or someone rather than the name, to avoid revealing secret, holy, or sacred names to the uninitiated, or to obscure the identity of the subject of a conversion from potential eavesdroppers. Some euphemisms are intended to be funny. "He kicked the bucket" |
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| A piece of literature contains a speaker who is speaking either in the first person, telling things from his or her own perspective, or in the third person, telling things from the perspective of an onlooker. The perspective used is call point of View, and is referred to either as first person or third person. If the speaker knows everything including actions motives and thoughts of all the characters, the speaker is referred to as omniscients. If the speaker is unable to know what is in any character's mind but his or her own, this is called limited omniscience. |
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| A play on words wherein a word is used to convey two meanings at the same time. |
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