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AP Human Geography Vocab (Maps)
Vocabulary Unit 1
41
Geography
12th Grade
09/04/2009

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Term
Built Landscape
Definition
Represented by those features and patterns reflecting human occupation and use of natural resources.
Term
Cultural landscape
Definition
Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group
Term
Arithmetic Density
Definition
The total number of people divided by the total land area.
Term
Physiological density
Definition
The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.
Term
Hearth
Definition
The region from which innovative ideas originate
Term
Diffusion
Definition
The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time.
Term
Relocation Diffusion
Definition
The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another.
Term
Expansion Diffusion
Definition
The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process.
Term
Hierarchical diffusion
Definition
The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places.
Term
Contagious Diffusion
Definition
The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population.
Term
Stimulus Diffusion
Definition
The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected.
Term
Distribution
Definition
The arrangement of something across Earth's surface.
Term
Environmental Determinism
Definition
A 19th and early 20th century approach to the study of geography that argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography was therefore the study of how the physical envoronment caused human activities.
Term
Site
Definition
The physical character of a place
Term
Situation
Definition
The location of a place relative to other places
Term
Toponym
Definition
The name given to a portion of Earth's surface.
Term
Pattern
Definition
The geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area.
Term
Possibilism
Definition
The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives.
Term
Region
Definition
An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features.
Term
Formal Region (uniform/homogeneous)
Definition
An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics.
Term
Functional/Nodal Region
Definition
An area organized around a node or focal point.
Term
Vernacular region (perceptual)
Definition
An area that people bilieve exists as part of their cultural identity
Term
Scale
Definition
Generally, the relationship between the protion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole, specifically the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on the Earth's surface.
Term
Geographic Information System
Definition
A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data
Term
Global Positioning System
Definition
A system that determines the precise position or something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and recievers.
Term
Parallel
Definition
A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians
Term
Longitude
Definition
The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian.
Term
Latitude
Definition
The numbering systme used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator.
Term
Meridian
Definition
An arc drawn on a map between the north and south poles
Term
Prime meridian
Definition
The meridian, designated as 0 degrees longitude, that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England.
Term
International Date Line
Definition
An arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas.
Term
Map
Definition
A 2D, or flat, representation of Earth's surface or a portion of it.
Term
Mental Map
Definition
An internal representation of a portion of Earth's surface based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located.
Term
Projection
Definition
The system used to transfer locations from Earth's surface to a flat map.
Term
Remote Sensing
Definition
The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods.
Term
Isoline
Definition
Connects points of equal value
Term
Chloropleth
Definition
Puts features into classes and then maps classes for each region
Term
Proportional Symbol
Definition
Term
Cartogram
Definition
Adjusts size of country
Term
Dot
Definition
Dot is some frequency
Term
Thematic
Definition
Spatial distribution of one or more specific themes.
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