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AP Gov Unit Two
AP Gov Project
46
Political Studies
Intermediate
10/01/2015

Additional Political Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Public Opinion
Definition
What the public thinks about a particular issue or set of issues at any point in time.
Term
Public Opinion Polls
Definition
Interviewers or surveys with samples of citizens that are used to estimate the feelings and beliefs of the entire population.
Term
Straw Polls
Definition
Unscientific surveys used to gauge public opinion on a variety of issues and politics.
Term
Political socialization
Definition
Process through which an individual acquires particular political orientations; the learning process by which people acquire their political beliefs and values.
Term
Political ideology
Definition
The coherent set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of government held by groups and individuals
Term
Random sampling
Definition
A method of poll selection that gives each person in a group the sam enhance of being selected.
Term
Stratified sampling
Definition
A variation of random sampling census data are used to divide the country into four sampling regions. Sets of countries and standard metropolitan statistical areas are then randomly selected in proportion to the total national population.
Term
Push polls
Definition
Polls taken for the purpose of providing information on an opponent that would lead respondents to vote against that candidate
Term
Tracking polls
Definition
Continuous surveys that enable a campaign to chart its daily rise or fall in support.
Term
Exit polls
Definition
Polls conducted at selected polling places on election day
Term
Sampling error or margin of error
Definition
A measure of the accuracy of a public opinion poll.
Term
Political party
Definition
A group of office holders, candidates, activists, and voters who identify with a group label and seek to elect to public office individuals who run under that label.
Term
Governmental party
Definition
The office holders and candidates who run under a political party's banner.
Term
Organizational party
Definition
The workers and activists who staff the party's formal organization.
Term
Party in the electorate
Definition
The voters who consider themselves allied or associated with the party.
Term
Machine
Definition
A party or organization that recruits its members with tangible incentives and is characterized by a high degree of control over member activity.
Term
Direct primary
Definition
The selection of party candidates through the ballots of qualified voters rather than at party nomination conventions
Term
Civil service laws
Definition
These acts removed the staffing of the bureaucracy from political parties and created a professional bureaucracy filled through competition.
Term
Issue orientated politics
Definition
Politics that focus on specific issues rather than on party, candidate or other loyalties.
Term
Ticket-split
Definition
To vote for two candidates of different parties for various offices in the same election.
Term
Coalition
Definition
A group of i treats or organizations that join forces for the purpose of electing public officials.
Term
National party platform
Definition
A statement of the general and specific philosophy and policy goals of a political party usually promulgated at the nation convention
Term
National convention
Definition
A party meeting held in the presidential election year for the purpose of nominating a presidential and Vice President ticket and adopting a platform
Term
Think tank
Definition
Institutional collection of policy-orientated researchers and academics who are sources of policy ideas
Term
Party identification
Definition
A citizens personal affinity. For a political party, usually expressed by his or her tendency to vote
Term
Third-partyism
Definition
The tendency of third parties to arise with some regularity in nominally two-party system
Term
Proportional representation
Definition
A voting system that apportions legislative seats according to the percentage of the vote won by a particular political party.
Term
Yellow journalism
Definition
A form of newspaper publishing that featured comics, color and sensationalized, oversimplified news coverage
Term
Muckraking
Definition
Form of journalism, concerted with reforming government and business conduct
Term
Print press
Definition
Traditional form of mass media; newspapers, articles, magazines, journals
Term
Electronic media
Definition
The broadcast and cable media including TV radio and the Internet
Term
Network
Definition
An association of broadcast stations that share programming through a financial arrangement
Term
Affiliates
Definition
Local TV stations that carry the programming of national network.
Term
Wire service
Definition
An electronic delivery of news gathered by the news services correspondents and sent to all meme ER news media organizations
Term
Press release
Definition
Document offering an official comment or position
Term
Press briefing
Definition
Relatively restricted session between a press secretary and the press
Term
Press conference
Definition
An unrestricted session between an elected official and the press
Term
On background
Definition
Info given to a journalist that will not be attributed to a main source
Term
Deep background
Definition
Info provided to a journalist that won't be released to the public
Term
On the record
Definition
Info provided to a journalist that can be released and attributed by name to the source
Term
Off the record
Definition
I for provided to a journalist that won't be released to the public
Term
New York Times Co. vs Sullivan
Definition
The Supreme Court concluded that actual malice must be proved to support a finding of libel against a public figure.
Term
Media effects
Definition
The influence of news sources on public opinion
Term
Content regulation
Definition
Government attempts to regulate the electronic media
Term
Equal time rule
Definition
The rules that requires broadcast stations to sell airtime equally to all candidates in a political campaign if they chose to sell it to any
Term
Fairness doctrine
Definition
Rule in effect from 1948-1985 requiring broadcasters to cover events adequately and present contrasting views on important public issues.
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