Term
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Definition
| the policy of settling international quarrels by admitting and satisfying grievances through rational negotiation and compromise, thereby avoiding the resort to an armed conflict, which would be expensive, bloody, and possibly dangerous |
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Term
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Definition
| An executive committee with people in charge of helping with armed services |
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Definition
|
Washington often provides aid to American corporations doing business abroad because the aid helps those firms directly without imposing any apparent costs on a n equally distinct group in society.
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to the nonmilitary struggle between the United States (and its allies) and the former Soviet Union (and its allies) following WW2. |
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Definition
The idea that the US should contain aggressive nations. |
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Definition
| Actual costs that are several times grater than estimated costs. These occur frequently among private contractors producing new weapons for the Pentagon. |
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Term
| Council on Foreign Relations |
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Definition
| A non partisan council among many countries to discuss political actions |
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Term
| Defense Reorganization Plan |
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Definition
| First is the unprecedented strategic value of time —the ability to react instantly against aggression in this nuclear-space age. (Pentagon) |
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Term
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Definition
| the view that U.S. involvement in Vietnam had led to a military defeat and political disaster and that further similar involvements should be avoided. Also known as “new isolationism.” |
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Definition
| an influential theory first articulated by President Eisenhower holding that if an important nation were to fall into communist hands, other neighboring countries would follow suit. Eisenhower used the metaphor of a row of dominoes falling in sequence to illustrate the point. |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to ask for everything at once. |
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Term
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Definition
| in foreign policy, the view that our government should act to enhance the rights of people living in other countries. |
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Term
| Interest group foreign policy |
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Definition
| A domestic advocacy group who seems to directly or indirectly influence their governments foreign policy. |
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Term
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Definition
| the doctrine that nations should cooperate because their common interests are more important than their differences |
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Term
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Definition
| Interservice rivalry is a military term referring to rivalries that can arise between different branches of a country's armed forces, such as between a nation's land forces (army), naval and air forces |
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Term
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Definition
| a metaphor used by Winston Churchill to describe a military and political barrier maintained y the former Soviet Union to prevent free travel and communication between Eastern and Western Europe. |
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Term
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Definition
| The view that the US should with draw from world affairs, limit foreign aid, and avoid involvement in foreign wars. |
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Term
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Definition
| the executive agency that advises the President on military questions; composed of the chiefs of the United States Army and the United States Navy and the United States Air Force and the commandant of the United States Marine Corps |
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Term
Majoritarian foreign policy
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Definition
| The politics of policy-making in which almost everybody benefits from a policy and almost everybody pays for it. |
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Term
Military-industrial complex
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Definition
| an alleged alliance among key military, governmental, and corporate decision-makers involved in weapons proc |
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Term
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Definition
| North American Free Trade Agreement: an agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico; became effective in 1994 for ten years |
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Term
Multinational Corporation
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Definition
| A multinational corporation (MNC) or transnational corporation (TNC), also called multinational enterprise (MNE), is a corporation or an enterprise that manages production or delivers services in more than one country. It can also be referred as an international corporatio |
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Term
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Definition
| Unbiased trade between nations, in contrast to bilateralism; A system by which nations consult others in matters of foreign policy, by way of organizations such as the United Nations |
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Term
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Definition
| this was passed by congress and developed the department of defense ( to coordinate the three armed services), the National Security Council (to advise the president on security issues) and the central intelligence agency (to gather and evaluate intelligence data) - 1 mis |
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Term
NSC - National Security Council
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Definition
| a committee in the executive branch of government that advises the president on foreign and military and national security; supervises the Central Intelligence Agency |
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Term
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Definition
| The peace dividend is a political slogan popularized by US President George H.W. Bush and UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in the early 1990s, purporting to describe the economic benefit of a decrease in defense spending. |
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Term
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Definition
| A trend in purchasing in which all of a particular type of product are purchased from a single supplier. |
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Term
| State Department - Department of State |
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Definition
| the federal department in the United States that sets and maintains foreign policies; "the Department of State was created in 1789" |
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Term
Strategic Defense Initiative
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Definition
| The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) is a US research and development program designed to create an effective defense against nuclear-missile attack, initiated by President Reagan in 1983. |
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Term
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Definition
| Originally a French term referring to nations neutral in the cold war between the United States and the former Soviet Union. The term now refers to the group of developing nations in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. |
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Term
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Definition
| the doctrine that nations should conduct their foreign affairs individualistically without the advice or involvement of other nations |
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Term
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Definition
| An act passed in 1973, putting restrictions on the Presidential Powers in regard to foreign affairs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Passed in 1974 and among other things, requires the president to spend all appropriated funds unless he first tells Congress what funds he wishes not to spend and Congress, within forty-five days, agrees to delete the items. |
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Term
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Definition
| a public office of sufficiently high rank that it provides the holder with an opportunity to speak out and be listened to on any matter; "the American presidency is a bully pulpit" |
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Term
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Definition
| The idea that the president cannot choke when there is a crisis, but rise to the occasion and protect their people. |
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Term
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Definition
| Considered the right to withhold information that Congress may want to obtain from the president or his subordinates, and some presidents have tried to impound funds appropriated by Congress. |
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Term
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Definition
| a period after the president wins an election. It is a period that presumably, the president's love affair with the people and with Congress can be consummated |
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Term
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Definition
| A formal accusation against a public official by lower house f a legislative body. Impeachment is merely an accusation and not a conviction. Only two presidents, Andrew Johnson in 1868 and Bill Clinton in 1998, were ever impeached. They were not, however, convicted for the Senate failed to obtain the necessary 2/3 vote required for conviction. |
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Term
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Definition
| The act of a president not spending the money allowed or appropriated by Congress for that thing. |
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Term
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Definition
| a politician who is still in office after having lost a reelection bid. |
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Term
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Definition
| A rejection of a presidential or administrative-agency action by a vote of one or both houses of Congress without the consent of the president. In 1983 the Supreme Court declared the legislative veto to be unconstitutional. |
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Term
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Definition
| The power of an executive to veto some provisions in an appropriations bill while approving others. The president does not have the right to exercise a line-item veto and must approve or reject the entire appropriations bill. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rules imposed by the federal government on the states as conditions for obtaining federal grants or requirements that the states pay the costs of certain nationally defined programs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Elections for representatives of the house. This occurs every two years. Elections for senators. 1/3 of the senators are up for re-election every two years. |
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Term
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Definition
| The quality or characteristic of being respected for having good character or knowledge, especially as a source of guidance or an exemplar of proper conduct |
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Term
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Definition
| One of two ways for a president to disapprove a bill sent to him by Congress. If the president does not sign the bill within ten days of his receiving it and congress has adjourned within that time, the bill does not become a law. |
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Term
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Definition
| James Barber differentiates between four types of presidential character: active-positive; active-negative; passive-positive; and passive-negative. Before voters cast their ballots for president, they should know how active the candidate is and whether or not he or she truly enjoys political life. This allows voters to predict presidential performance before the candidate takes office. |
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Term
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Definition
| The idea that a representative could “ride” in on the presidential coattails on the strength of the popularity of a president of their own party. |
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Term
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Definition
| How “popular” a president is. How him being elected causes a chain reaction for others of the same party to be elected. How the public views the new president. |
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Term
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Definition
| The sketchy constitutional powers given to the president, combined with the lack of an assured legislative majority, mean that they must rely heavily on persuasion if he is to accomplish anything. Presidents have to be careful due to media coverage. |
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Term
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Definition
| An act that was put into place because of the climbing numbers of presidents being shot as well as the number of presidents possibly becoming disabled. The new act said that it would go President, Vice President, Speaker of the House, Senate President, and then the 14 cabinet officers beginning with the Secretary of State. |
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Term
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Definition
Deals with presidential disability and succession.
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Term
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Definition
| A supreme court case in response to Nixon’s possible involvement in the Watergate Scandal. Argued for ‘executive privilege,” but shot down 8 to zero. Nixon thus resigned before he could be impeached. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of two ways a president can disapprove a bill sent to him by Congress. The veto message must be sent to Congress within ten days after the president receives it. |
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Term
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Definition
| A method of organizing a president’s staff in which several task forces, committees, and informal groups of friends and advisers deal with the president. |
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Term
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Definition
| Authority grated to one person by another to appoint fellow citizens to positions. |
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Term
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Definition
Authority grated to one person by another to appoint fellow citizens to positions.
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Term
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Definition
| Laid out the ground rules for the executive branch in the Constitution. |
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Term
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Definition
| By custom, the cabinet includes the heads of the fourteen major executive departments. |
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Term
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Definition
| The title, chief of staff, identifies the leader of a complex organization, institution, or body of persons. |
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Term
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Definition
| A method of organizing a president’s staff in which several presidential assistants report directly to the president. |
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Term
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Definition
| the officer who holds the supreme command; "in the U.S. the president is the commander in chief" |
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Term
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Definition
| a government in which one party controls the White House and another party controls one or both houses of Congress. |
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Term
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Definition
Delegates who are supposed to choose the president based on their states opinion toward which candidate. They must receive 210 of these votes in order to become President.
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Term
Executive office of the President
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Definition
| The Executive Office of the President (EOP) consists of the immediate staff of the President of the United States, as well as multiple levels of support staff reporting to the President. The EOP is headed by the White House Chief of Staff, currently Rahm Emanuel. |
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Term
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Definition
| The United States federal executive departments are among the oldest primary units of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States--the Departments of State, War, and the Treasury all being established within a few weeks of each other in 1789. |
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Term
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Definition
| When nothing is able to pass in Congress. |
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Term
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Definition
| a derogatory term for a person who is though to have run for and achieved public office, only for the purposes of moving on to a higher level of government or prestige. |
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Term
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Definition
| When congress is able to take over and possibly over-ride another branch such as the executive branch. Ex: Overriding a veto. |
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Term
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Definition
Based off of the idea that our president taking action and being in charge of much of military deployment.
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Term
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Definition
| A regulatory agency (also regulatory authority, regulatory body or regulator) is a public authority or government agency responsible for exercising autonomous authority over some area of human activity in a regulatory or supervisory capacity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Independent commissions give private citizens an opportunity to assist government with significant problems without being beholden to the government or the current administration. |
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Term
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Definition
| The idea of a president at, “the tribune of the people” and he turned down around 12 acts of congress…more than any other president of that time. He also, did not offer new policies or bills, just struck down the ones that he didn’t like. |
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Term
Office of management and Budget
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Definition
the executive agency that advises the President on the federal budget
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Term
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Definition
| A pardon is the forgiveness of a crime and the penalty associated with it. It is granted by a head of state, such as a monarch or president, or by a competent church authority. |
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Term
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Definition
| a short form of perquisites, meaning “fringe benefits of office.” Among the perks of political office for high-ranking officials are limousines, expense accounts, free air travel fancy offices, and staff assistants. |
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Term
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Definition
| the person who holds the position of head of the government in the United Kingdom |
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Term
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Definition
| a method of organizing a president’s staff in which most presidential assistants report though a hierarchy to the president’s chief of staff. |
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Term
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Definition
| the Constitution provides that the President “shall have the Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur.” The framers expected the Senate to play a major role in the treaty-making process. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Twenty-seventh Amendment (Amendment XXVII) prohibits any law that increases or decreases the salary of members of the Congress from taking effect, until the start of the next set of terms of office for Representatives |
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Term
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Definition
| A government in which the same party controls both the White House and both houses of Congress. When Bill Clinton became president in 1993, I was the first time since 1981 (and on the second time since 1969) that the same party was in charge of the presidency and Congress. |
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Term
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Definition
| The White House Office is an entity within the Executive Office of the President of the United States. The White House Office is headed by the White House Chief of Staff, currently Rahm Emanuel, who is also the head of the Executive Office |
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Term
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Definition
A United States agency that is centered on the culture of the country. ( I couldn’t find this one ANYWHERE!)
Sum of the organizations attitudes, beliefs,
values, norms and prejudices that form the way of life within the organization |
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Term
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Definition
| Legislative permission to begin or continue a government program or agency. An authorization bill may grant permission to spend a certain sum of money, but that money does not ordinarily become available unless it is also appropriated. Authorizations may be annual, multiyear, or permanent. |
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Term
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Definition
a legislative grant of money to finance a government program.
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Term
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Definition
| A law that establishes or continues one or more federal agencies or programs, sets the terms and conditions under which they operate, authorizes the enactment of appropriations and specifies how appropriated funds can be used. |
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Term
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Definition
| According to American Government, the Essentials, 11th Edition: "A tailor-made, name-request job offered to a person at the insistence of a member of Congress who wants a political supporter taken care of; more often it is made available because the bureaucracy itself knows whom it wishes to hire and wants to circumvent an elaborate search. This is the "buddy system." |
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Term
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Definition
| A large, complex organization composed of appointed officials. The department and agencies of the U.S. government make up the federal bureaucracy. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability of a congressional committee to review and approve certain agency decisions in advance and without passing a law. Such approval is not legally binding on the agency, but few agency heads will ignore the expressed wishes of committees. |
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Term
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Definition
The government offices to which people are appointed on the grounds of merit as ascertained by a written examination or by having met certain selection criteria. (Such as training, educational attainments, or prior experience)
Congressional Investigations/oversight |
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Term
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Definition
| The extent to which appointed bureaucrats can choose courses of action and make policies that are not spelled out in advance by laws. |
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Term
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Definition
| A service that is expected. |
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Term
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Definition
| In business, retail, and accounting, a cost is the value of money that has been used up to produce something, and hence is not available for use anymore. In economics, a cost is an alternative that is given up as a result of a decision |
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Term
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Definition
| A close relationship between an agency, a congressional committee, and an interest group that often becomes a mutually advantageous alliance. |
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Term
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Definition
| A network of people in Washington-based interest groups, on congressional staffs, in universities and think tanks, and in the mass media who regularly discuss and advocate public policies- say, health care or auth safety. Such networks are split along political, ideological, and economic lines. |
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Term
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Definition
| A rejection of a presidential or administrative-agency action by a vote of one or both houses of Congress without the consent of the president. In 1983 the Supreme Court declared the legislative veto to be unconstitutional. |
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Term
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Definition
The merit system is the process of promoting and hiring government employees based on their ability to perform a job, rather than on their political connections. It is the opposite of the Spoils system.
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Term
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Definition
| A job to be filled by a person whom a government agency has identified by name. |
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Term
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Definition
| (law) a judicial reexamination of the proceedings of a court (especially by an appellate court) |
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Term
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Definition
| How the country is doing on a national scale. |
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Term
Office of Personnel management
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Definition
| The United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is an independent agency of the United States government that manages the civil service of the federal government. The current Director is John Berry and the Deputy Director is Christine Griffin. |
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Term
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Definition
| system in which benefits, including jobs, money, or protection, are granted in exchange for political support |
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Term
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Definition
| The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act (ch. 27, 22 Stat. 403) of United States federal law established the United States Civil Service Commission, which placed most federal government employees on the merit system and marked the end of the so-called spoils system |
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Term
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Definition
| Complex bureaucratic rules and procedures that must be followed to get something done. |
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Term
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Definition
A rule or order prescribed for management or government; prescription; a regulating principle; a governing direction; precept; law; as, the regulations of a society or a school.
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Term
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Definition
| The form used to itemize all outstanding debts and obligations of the political committee; including all outstanding loans, debts, and liabilities |
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Term
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Definition
| The Senior Executive Service (SES) is a paygrade in the civil service of the United States federal government, somewhat analogous to the ranks of general or admiral in the U.S. armed forces. |
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Term
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Definition
the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power
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Term
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Definition
| Funds for government programs that are collected and spend outside the regular government budget; the amounts are determined by preexisting law rather than by annual appropriations. The Social Security trust fund is the largest of these. |
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Term
Which one out the following three is not a requirement for becoming President?
- A natural born citizen
- 35 years of age
- A resident of the US for his or her entire life
- A resident of the US for at least 14 years.
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Definition
A resident of the US for his or her entire life |
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Term
Andrew Jackson established the precedent that a president’s veto can be used:
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Definition
| On policy grounds even when a bill may appear to be constitutional |
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Term
The Framers solved the problem of how to elect the president by:
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Definition
Creating the Electoral College |
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Term
Which of the following is not a presidential role authorized by the U.S. Constitution?
- To be commander-in-chief
- To lead the political party of the president
- To negotiate treaties with foreign nations
- To be chief executive
- To present the State of the Union Address
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Definition
To lead the political party of the President |
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Term
In a parliamentary system the prime minister is chosen by the
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Definition
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Term
The greatest source of political power is found in
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Definition
Politics and Public Opinion |
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Term
The text suggests that policy gridlock is a necessary consequence of
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following statements is true of the U.S. Presidents but not of British prime ministers?
- Presidents are selected by the Legislature
- Presidents only hold power if their party controls Congress
- Presidents are most often government insiders
- Presidents generally choose their cabinets from members of Congress
- Presidents and the legislature often work at cross-purposes
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Definition
| Presidents and the legislature often work at cross-purposes |
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Term
The text makes which of the following statements about the effect of divided government?
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Definition
| Important legislation is produced about as much with divided governments as with unified ones |
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Term
The ability of a presidential assistant to influence the president is governed by the rule of
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Definition
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Term
The office of Management and Budget both assembles the president’s budget and
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Definition
Reviews departmental legislative proposals |
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Term
The president appoints a average of ______ percent of departmental employees.
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Definition
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Term
The main difference between a presidential agency and independent agency is that heads of the former
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Definition
Serve at the President’s discretion |
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Term
The principal function of the White House Office is to:
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Definition
| Oversee the political and policy interests of the president |
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Term
In recent administrations there has been a tendency for presidents to place in their cabinet people known for their
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Definition
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Term
|
What practice do some scholars believe that voters engage in an attempt to deliberately create divided government, thus magnifying the effects of checks and balances built into our system.
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Definition
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Term
The Cabinet officers consist of heads of:
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Definition
| Major executive departments |
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Term
This area has been the real source for the expansion of presidential power?
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Definition
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Term
_________ is the fewest number of votes a state can be allocated in the Electoral College.
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Definition
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Term
This amendment formally limits the number of terms that a president can serve.
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Definition
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Term
___________ __________ was the first president to be given a pension upon his retirement.
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Definition
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Term
President Reagan used a (an) _____________ structure to organize his staff. IN this structure White House staffers report to the Chief of staff who then deals directly with the president.
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following responsibilities does the Constitution require Congress and the president to share?
- Receive ambassadors
- Grant pardons
- Create executive orders
- Make Treaties
- Commission officers of the armed forces
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Definition
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Term
President Carter used a (an) [BLANK] structure to organize his staff. This system is set up so that cabinet secretaries and assistants report directly to the president.
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Definition
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Term
Personality plays a more important role in explaining the presidency than it does in explaining Congress because a president is
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Definition
More likely to rely on ands-on politics and persuasiveness to enact policy
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Term
Presidents need to rely on their powers of persuasion because of their
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Definition
Lack of ensured legislative majorities and opponents within the party
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Term
The President’s persuasive powers are aimed at which of the following groups?
- Party Activists outside of Washington D.C.
- The public
- Interest groups
- Fellow Politicians
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Definition
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Term
From the time of winning the office of the presidency to leaving it, the popularity of the most recent presidents
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Definition
| Decreased except at election time (if running for a second term) |
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Term
The personal popularity of the president affects which of the following MOST DIRECTLY
- How Congress treats presidential legislative proposals
- How members of the president’s party do in House elections
- How members of the president’s party do in Senate Elections
- The President’s ability to conduct foreign Affairs
- The President’s chances of being reelected.
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Definition
| How Congress treats presidential legislative proposals. |
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Term
When President Reagan was governor of California, he could veto portions of a bill that were irrelevant to the subject of the bill. He was exercising what is called ______________________
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Definition
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Term
A bill is passed to the president for action while Congress is still in session. After 10 days, eh still has not approved it. What happens to the bill?
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Definition
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Term
About what proportion of presidential vetoes has Congress been able to override?
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Definition
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Term
The presidential claims for executive privilege area based on the separation of powers and on
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Definition
The need for candid advice from aides |
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Term
The results of the Supreme Court’s ruling in US v Nixon was that
|
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Definition
| Nixon was forced to turn over the disputed tapes and papers |
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Term
Which of the following statements about a president’s serving more than two terms is correct?
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Definition
It has only been done by one president. |
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Term
________ U.S. presidents have been assassinated while in office.
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Definition
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Term
The Constitutional Duty of the vice president is to
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Definition
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Term
Who succeeds the president if the president, vice president, and the Speaker of the House die?
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Definition
The Senate president pro tempore |
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Term
The official position of an acting president (one not originally elected) was created by?
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Definition
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Term
Upon the death of the president and the succession of the vice president, a new vice president is chosen by
|
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Definition
The new president with Congressional approval |
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Term
A president suffers a stroke that leaves him partially paralyzed. The VP, with support of the majority of the cabinet, declares that the President is unable to discharge the duties of the office, but the president disagrees. What happens next?
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Definition
Congress decides who is President |
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Term
An impeached president is always
|
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Definition
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Term
__________ decides whether to remove the president from office following an impeachment trial.
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Definition
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|
Term
Approximately ________ of the 42 presidents since George Washington have been elected to a second term.
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Definition
|
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Term
On the issue of a president’s right to impound funds, the U.S. Constitution states
|
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Definition
|
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Term
Presidential impoundment of funds has been severely limited in recent years because of
|
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Definition
The Budget Reform Act of 1974 |
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Term
Which of the following factors would be the most likely substantial constraint on a president’s ability to plan a program?
- The president’s personal ideology
- The need to campaign
- Congress
- The limits of the president’s time and attention
- The Mass media
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Definition
The limits of the president’s time and attention |
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Term
Which of the following statements about efforts to reorganize the federal bureaucracy is true?
- They are handled directly by the affected agency
- They are typically taken place at the time of the election of a new president
- They have seldom been tried
- They require the support of voters
- They may trigger bitter political battles
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Definition
They may trigger bitter political battles |
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Term
Bureaucracy is the name given to
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Definition
A large organization, structured hierarchically, that carries out specific functions
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Term
American bureaucracy is complex because
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Definition
Authority is divided among several managers |
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Term
Public enterprises in France account for what percentage of all employment?
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Definition
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Term
The basis of appointments to the bureaucracy during most of the 19th century and the early part of the twentieth century was
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Definition
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Term
The political ideology of a presidential appointee is important because she or he
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Definition
Affects how the laws are interpreted |
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Term
When first established, the Departments of Labor, Agriculture, and Commerce had one thing in common:
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Definition
| They were primarily service oriented |
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Term
The bureaucracy of American government today is largely a product of which two events?
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Definition
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Term
What percentage of all federal employees are part of the excepted service?
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Definition
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Term
Congress has delegated substantial authority to administrative agencies in what three areas?
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Definition
| Grant-in aid, subsidy payments, enforcement of regulations |
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Term
As late as 1935 the Supreme Court held that
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Definition
| The legislature may not delegate its authority to any administrative agency |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT among the procedures for firing or demoting a member of the competitive civil service?
- Written Notice of 30 days
- Right to a hearing
- Right to appeal any adverse action to the MSPB
- Statement for reasons for dismissal
- Review by the OPM
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Definition
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Term
According to a survey done in 1983, what percentage of top-level bureaucrats consider themselves to be liberal?
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Definition
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Term
One of the major constraints under which the bureaucracy operates is the
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Definition
Assignment of single jobs to several agencies |
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Term
The number of civilian federal government employees
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Definition
Remained relatively stable for the last several decades |
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Term
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Definition
| Deregulated the system that allowed for merit advancement in the government |
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Term
A steady transfer of federal jobs from the patronage to the merit system was initiated by the passage of the
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Definition
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Term
Congressional supervision of the bureaucracy involves all of the following EXCEPT
- Congressional statutes
- Annual Authorizations
- Congressional appointment of key officials
- Budgetary appropriations
- Oversight role
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Definition
Congressional appointment of key officials |
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Term
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Definition
| Someone who brings to public attention gross governmental inefficiency or illegal action |
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Term
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Definition
An alliance with mutual benefit within the bureaucracy, its interest group, and committees in Congress |
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Term
Which of the following statements about agency allies is correct?
- The Small Business Administration (SBA) has been part of an iron triangle
- Iron triangles are far more common today than they once were
- Presidential hiring from within issue networks is prohibited by law
- Issue networks are often established by Congress to study key policy issues
- Alliances have streamlined the roles each agency performs
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Definition
| The Small Business Administration (SBA) has been part of an iron triangle |
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Term
All of the following have weakened the power of appropriations committees over government agencies EXCEPT the
- Establishment of trust funds that operate outside the regular government budget
- Change in authorization of many programs from permanent o multiyear to annual authorizations
- Need for these committees to focus on huge budget deficits and target spending limits
- Requirement that these huge committees mark up an agency’s budget request
- The existence of huge budget deficits
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Definition
| Requirement that these committees mark up an agency’s budget request |
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Term
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Definition
Groups of individuals that support a particular position on a specific issue
An alliance between scholars, interest groups, executive agencies, and congressional subcommittees |
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Term
The personal attribute that has been shown to have a clear effect on bureaucratic behavior is
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Definition
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Term
The National Performance Review attempts to reform the bureaucracy by stressing
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following governmental agencies duplicate each other’s functions in important ways?
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Definition
Customs service and Drug Enforcement Administration |
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Term
1. Discuss the provisions of the War Powers Act and the effects that those provisions seem like to have on presidential war-making abilities.
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Definition
a. Placed four Provisions of the War Powers Act on the President and his ability to use military force.
b. The President must report in writing to Congress within 48 Hours after he introduces US troops into areas where hostiles have occurred or are imminent.
c. Within 60 days after troops are sent into hostile situations, Congress must, by declaration of war or other specific statutory authorization, provide for the continuation of hostile action by U.S. troops.
d. If Congress fails to provide such authorization, the President must withdraw the troops (Unless Congress has been prevented from meeting as a result of an armed attack).
e. If Congress passes a concurrent resolution (Which the president may not veto) directing the removal of U.S. troops, the president must comply.
f. The War Powers Act has had very little influence on American Military Actions. |
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Term
Presidents are constitutionally required to share all their information with Congress.
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Definition
Due to separation of powers the President can claim the privilege of confidentiality. Also the principles of statecraft ad of prudent administration require that the President have the right to obtain confidential and candid advice from subordinates. |
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Term
Explain the difference between the positions of president and prime minister.
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Definition
| The Prime Minister would be the position that any individual would want. Elected not popularly. A group that always has to agree with you. Almost all of your policies get passed. The President of the United States has many strict regulations as well as a popularly elected position. They have multiple branches of congress and most normally a divided government. There are other leaders in the government who are not of the same political party or agenda. |
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Term
Discuss the approach of the Founders toward executive power.
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Definition
| The founders once thought that the United States would have a great chance of slipping into a Monarchy like they once came from with Great Britain. The Founders were very careful to lay out the powers listed and divided amongst the three branches of government. A couple times they felt that some branches held too much power, such as the House of Representatives and their role in breaking a tie for determining the president. So the founders took a very slow and conservative approach and divided the government into state, local, and national level. |
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Term
Discuss the evolution of the presidency from 1789 to the present.
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Definition
| Over the years there has been one thin that is consistent. The president has become more powerful, some of the reasons behind this is due to crisis. Whenever there was a crisis or a drastic shift in leadership, it always instituted new changes. For example, when Jackson took over the presidency, he actually executed some of the powers that had been delegated to the president. When FDR was dealing with the Great Depression, he instituted economic programs to help build jobs and created government influence on a vast scale. Each presidency the power of the president has continued to grow. |
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Term
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Definition
| Closest assistants who actually work in the White House. Their titles do not actually tell what their importance is. President may follow one of three types of organizations. Pyramid, Circular, or Ad hoc. |
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Term
The Executive Office of the President
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Definition
| Report directly to the President and perform staff services for him, but are not located in the White House. Top positions in this organization are filled with presidential appointments. Principle agencies include: Office of Management and budget, Central Intelligence Agency, Council of Economic Advisers, Office of Personnel Management, and Office of the U.S. Trade Representative. |
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Term
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Definition
| Its officers are the heads of the fourteen major executive departments. Are not in order of importance, but in order of age. The president appoints or directly controls vastly more members of his cabinet than a British Prime Minister would. However, the Cabinet members will not back down and will try to further their branch of the Cabinet. |
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Term
Independent Agencies, Commissions, and Judgeships
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Definition
About four dozen Independent Agencies and Commissions. Considered quasi-independent. The President is also in charge of judge/Supreme Court nominations.
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Term
Discuss whether changes in the roles and
responsibilities of the White House staff have
led to greater presidential accountability
and effectiveness.
Support your argument with examples from two presidencies since 1961, making sure to define both presidential accountability and effectiveness.
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Definition
It seems to be as time as continued, the Cabinet members have had a greater level of responsibility as well as accountability. (Even though the President is in the spotlight and will always take most of the blame) As the presidency has become more defined over the years so has the experience needed to be a member of the cabinet. When Ronald Regan as in the Cabinet, he took the time to make sure that his Cabinet members were all “in tune” with the same ideological thinking. When Nixon was president, he made sure that his Cabinet members were experienced- Same with George W. Bush. Presidential accountability is the process of holding the president accountable for his or hers actions and to not just blame other people. Presidential effectiveness is analyzing the presidents’ success in office and making sure that others receive recognition as well
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