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AP Government - The Presidency
Chapter 12: "The Presidency" from "Government by the People" 22nd Edition
23
Political Studies
12th Grade
01/15/2012

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Term
Parliamentary System
Definition
A system of government in which the legislature selects the prime minister or president.
Term
Presidential Ticket
Definition
The joint listing of the presidential and vice presidential candidates on the same ballot as required by the Twelfth Amendment.
Term
Treaty
Definition
A formal, public agreement between the United States and one or more nations that must be approved by two-thirds of the Senate.
Term
Executive Agreement
Definition
A formal agreement between the U.S. president and the leaders of other nations that does not require Senate approval.
Term
Congressional-Executive Agreement
Definition
A formal agreement between the U.S. president and the leaders of other nations that requires approval by both houses of Congress.
Term
Veto
Definition
A formal decision to reject a bill passed by Congress.
Term
Pocket Veto
Definition
A formal decision to reject a bill passed by Congress after it adjourns-if Congress adjourns during the ten days that the president is allowed in order to sign or veto a law, the president can reject the law by taking no action at all.
Term
Take Care Clause
Definition
The constitutional requirement (in Article II, Section 3) that presidents take care that the laws are faithfully executed, even if they disagree with the purpose of those laws.
Term
Inherent Powers
Definition
Powers that grow out of the very existence of government.
Term
State of the Union Address
Definition
The president's annual statement to Congress and the nation.
Term
Impeachment
Definition
Formal accusation against the president or other public official, the first step in removal from office.
Term
Executive Privilege
Definition
The right to keep executive communications confidential, especially if they relate to national security.
Term
Executive Orders
Definition
Formal orders issued by the president to direct action by the federal bureaucracy.
Term
Impoundment
Definition
A decision by the president not to spend money appropriated by Congress, now prohibited under federal law.
Term
Line Item Veto
Definition
Presidential power to strike, or remove, specific items from a spending bill without vetoing the entire package; declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
Term
Chief of Staff
Definition
The head of the White House staff.
Term
Executive Office of the President
Definition
The cluster of presidential staff agencies that help the president carry out his responsibilities. Currently the office includes the Office of Management and Budget, the Council of Economic Advisors, and several other units.
Term
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
Definition
Presidential staff agency that serves as a clearinghouse for budgetary requests and management improvements for government agencies.
Term
Cabinet
Definition
Advisory council for the president, consisting of the heads of the executive departments, the vice president, and a few other officials selected by the president.
Term
Rally Point
Definition
A rise in public approval of the president that follows a crisis as Americans "rally 'round the flag" and the chief executive.
Term
Mandate
Definition
A president's claim of broad public support.
Term
Cycle of Decreasing Influence
Definition
The tendency of presidents to lose support over time.
Term
Cycle of Increasing Effectiveness
Definition
The tendency of presidents to learn more about doing their jobs over time.
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