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Rousseau published The Social Contract in 1762 in which he argued “man is born free, yet everywhere he is found in chains.”
He said Europe’s monarchies were not helping its citizens; people had a right to govern themselves.
Popular Sovereignty/Self-government
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required employers to pay men and women the same rate for equal work
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| after the courts ordered desegregation (in which court case?), busing was seen as the most effective means of integration. |
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| Equal pay for comparable work |
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Definition
| women had to be paid at a rate equal to men’s even if they had different jobs, providing the women’s jobs were of ‘comparable worth.’ |
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| Americans with Disabilities Act |
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businesses with 25+ people cannot eliminate a
(potential) employee based on a disability if they
can do the work
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Term
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•the government should have total control. Laws, rules and regulations that guide every aspect of individual behavior.
•Examples from history:
–Saddam Hussein in Iraq
–Fidel Castro in Cuba
–Kim Jong-Il in North Korea
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Definition
is a lack of government.
–Somalia (years of civil war without a clear leader)
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Term
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Definition
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1.Government ownership and control of major industries which are run for the benefit of society as a whole.
2.Major means of production distribution of goods are controlled by the government.
3.The main goal is economic equality.
•Examples: Soviet Union, China*, Cuba, former Eastern Europe (1945-1989)
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Term
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Definition
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1.There is private, individual or corporate ownership of capital goods.
2.Investments are determined by private decision.
3.Prices, production and the distribution of goods are determined mainly in a free market. In short, the law of supply and demand.
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Term
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Definition
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maintaining social order and tradition
More laws regulating behavior (strict drug laws, religion in public life, etc)
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Term
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Definition
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use government to promote equality but not order; freedom to choose how to live (ex. further civil rights movement, gay marriage, medical marijuana)
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Term
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Definition
| value Freedom more than Order but not more than Equality |
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Definition
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•value Freedom more than Equality but would restrict Freedom to promote social order
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Term
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–favor freedom over equality and order
–favor order over freedom and equality
•Help disadvantaged (generally a liberal position)
•Promote “moral” values (generally a conservative position)
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Definition
| A consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government |
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| A socialist form of government that guarantees civil liberties such as freedom of speech and religion. Citizens determine the extent of government activity through free elections and competitive political parties |
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Definition
| Those who are opposed to using government to promote either order or equality. |
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Definition
| An economic doctrine that opposes any form of government intervention in business |
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