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| The activity by which an issue is agitated or settled. |
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| The ability of one person to get another person to act in accordance with the first person's intentions. |
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| Director or Participatory Democracy |
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| A government in which all or most citizens participate directly. |
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| A governement in which leaders make decisions by winning a competitive struggle for the popular vote. |
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| View that competition among all affected interests shapes public policy. |
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| View that morally impassioned elites drive important political changes. |
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| A human right based on nature or God. |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War. |
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| Constitutional Convention |
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| A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution. |
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| A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes. |
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| Proposal to create a strong national government. |
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| Proposal to create a weak national government. |
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| Plan to have a popularly elected House based on state population and a state-selected Senate, with two members for each state |
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| A government in which elected representatives make the decisions |
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| The pwer of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional |
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| Government authority shared by national and local governments |
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| Powers given to the national government alone |
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| Powers given to the state government alone |
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| Powers shared by the national and state governments |
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| Authority shared by three branches of government |
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| Constitutional authority is shared by three different branches of government |
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| A grou with a distinct political interest |
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| Those who favor a stronger national government |
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| Those who favor a weaker national government |
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| First ten amendments to the Constitution |
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| An order to produce an arrested person before a judge |
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| A law that declares a person, without a trial, to be guilty of a crime |
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| A law that makes an act criminal although the act was legal when it was committed |
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| A new provision in the Constitution that has been ratified by the states |
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| An executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature |
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| "Necessary and Proper" Clause |
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| Section of the Constitution allowing Congress to pass all laws "necessary and proper" to its duties, and which has permitted Congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it (enumerated) by the Constitution |
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| Doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law then, in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution |
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| Doctrine holding that the national government is supreme in its sphere, the states are supreme in theirs, and the two speres should be kept separated |
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| State power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals |
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| Process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot |
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| Procedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature |
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| Procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office |
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| Money given by the national government to the states |
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| Federal grants for specific purposes such as building an airport |
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| Terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds |
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| Terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accepts federal grants |
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| A decision by an administrative agency granting some other part permission to violate a law or rule that would otherwise apply to it |
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