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AP Gov Chapter 8 Terms
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Political Studies
12th Grade
10/20/2010

Additional Political Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

Party Competition

Definition

 

 

 

The battle of the parties for control of puclic offices

Term

 

 

 

Political Party

Definition

 

 

A team of men seeking to control the governing apparatus by gaining office in a duly constituted election.

Term

 

 

 

Linkage Institutions

Definition

 

 

The channels through which people's concerns become political issues on the goverment's policy agenda.

Term

 

 

 

Rational-Choice Theory

Definition

 

 

A popular theory in political science to explain the actions of voters as well as politicans.

Term

 

 

 

Party Image

Definition

 

 

The voter's perception of what the Republicans or Democrats stand for, such as conservatism and liberalism.

Term

 

 

 

Party Identification

Definition

 

 

A citizen's self-proclaimed preference for one party or another.

Term

 

 

 

Ticket-Splitting

Definition

 

 

Voting with one party for one office and with another party for a different office.

Term

 

 

 

Party Machines

Definition

 

 

A type of polictical party organization that relies heavily on material inducements, such as patronage, to win votes and govern.

Term

 

 

 

Patronage

Definition

 

 

One of the inducements used by party machines. A patronage job, for example, is one that is given for political reasons rather than merit or competence alone.

Term

 

 

 

Closed Primaries

Definition

 

 

Elections to select party nominees in which only people who have registered in advance with the party can vote for the party's canidates.

Term

 

 

 

Open Primaries

Definition

 

 

Elections to select party nominees in which voters can decide on Election Day whether they want to participate in the Republic or Democratic contests.

Term

 

 

 

Blanket Primaries

Definition

 

Elections to select party nominees in which voters are presented with a list of canidates from all parties. Voters can then select some Democrats and some Republicans they like.

Term

 

 

 

National Convention

Definition

 

 

The meeting of party delegates every four years to choose a presidential ticket and write the party's platform.

Term

 

 

 

National Commitee

Definition

 

 

One of the institutions that keeps the party operating between conventions.

Term

 

 

 

National Chairperson

Definition

 

 

The national chairperson is responsible for the day-to-day activities of the party and is usually handpicked by the presidential nominee.

Term

 

 

 

Coalition

Definition

 

 

 

A group of individuals with a common interest on which every political party depends.

Term

 

 

 

Party Eras

Definition

 

 

Historical periods in which a majority of voters cling to the party in power, which tends to win a majority of the elections.

Term

 

 

 

Critical Election

Definition

 

An electoral "earthquake" where new issues emmerge, new coalitions repace old ones, and the majority party is often displaced by the minority power.

Term

 

 

 

Party Realignment

Definition

 

 

The displacement of the majority party, by the minority party, usually during a critical election  period.

Term

 

 

 

New Deal Coalition

Definition

 

 

A coalition by the Democrats, who dominated American politics from the 1930s to the 1960s.

Term

 

 

 

Party Dealignment

Definition

 

 

The gradual disengagment of people and politicians from the parties, as seen in part by shrinking party identification.

Term

 

 

 

Third Parties

 

 

Definition

 

 

Electoral contenders other than the two major parties. American third parties are not unusal, but they rarely win elections.

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