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ap exam
ap exam comparative govt
61
Political Studies
12th Grade
05/02/2007

Additional Political Studies Flashcards

 


 

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Term
LEGiTIMACY
Definition
THE RIGHT TO RULE, DETERMINED BY CITIZENS

TRADITION
CHARISMATIC
RATIONAL-LEGAL LEGITIMACY
Term
CONSTITUTION OF THE CROWN
Definition
DOCUMENTS, COMMON LAW, LEGAL CODES, CUSTOMS THAT MAKE UP THE GB CONSTITUTION
Term
MAGNA CARTa
Definition
signed in 1215 by king john agreeing to consult nobles before making important political decisions.

forms basis of limited government that places restriction on monarch.
Term
limited government
Definition
restrictions on power of the monarch.
Term
the bill of rights
Definition
lists the rights of parliament not individual citizens. william and mary signed it in 1688, giving imp policymaking power to parliament
Term
glorious revolution
Definition
1688. bloodless revolution established the constitutional monarchy when william and mary agreed to written restrictionson their power by signing the bill of rights
Term
thatcherism
Definition
conservative, capatilist backlash let by Margaret Thatcher.
Term
nationalism
Definition
pride or being patriotic
Term
noblesse oblige
Definition
the duty of the upper class to take responsibility for the welfare of the lower classes.
Term
gradualism
Definition
slow change in politics ex. constitution
Term
great reform act of 1832
Definition
300,000 more men gained the right to vote and the house of commons gained more power in relation to house of lords
Term
reform act of 1867
Definition
the electorate reaches 3,000,000 as many working class people were allowed the right to vote.
Term
representation of the people act of 1884
Definition
the electorate is further expanded so that the majority of the voters are working class.
Term
womens suffrage
Definition
all women over the age of 28 and all men over 21 gained the right to vote 1918. in 1928 all women over the age of 21 could vote
Term
labour party
Definition
1906, represent the rights of the newly enfranchised working man
Term
trade union council
Definition
coalition of trade unions
Term
beveridge report
Definition
provided for the social insurance program that made all citizens eligible for health, unemployment, pension and other benefits.
Term
OPEC
Definition
organization for petrleum exporting countries
Term
third way
Definition
tony blair. a centrist alternative to the old labour party on the left and the conservative on the right.
Term
plaid cymru
Definition
the welsh flag
Term
civic culture
Definition
political culture
Term
politics of protest
Definition
the tendency to disagree openly and sometimes violently with the govt
Term
parliamentary
Definition
pm and cabinet ministers are members of legislature
Term
caucuses
Definition
meetings of people form the ame are or of like mind
Term
whig
Definition
oppose king
Term
tori
Definition
supported king
Term
euroskeptics
Definition
see the EUs move toward european integration a threat to british soveriegnty
Term
porportional representation
Definition
equal representation of the mp seats.
Term
parliamentery
Definition
NO SEPERATIONG OF POWERS
Term
COLLECTIVE CABINET
Definition
ALL SUPPORT PUBLICLY THE PMS DECIOSION TKING collective responsibility for decisions
Term
shadow cabinet
Definition
oppostion since infront of paty
Term
question TIME
Definition
ONCE A WEEK FOR ONE HOUR the pm and cabinet are attacked by the oppostion party.
Term
ADVANCED DEMOCRACIES
Definition
WELL ESTABLISHED DEOMCRATIC GOVERNMENTS AND HIGH LEVEL OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.
Term
COMMUNIST AND POST COMMUNIST COUNTRIES
Definition
LIMITS INDIVIDUAL FREEDOMS IN ORDER TO DIVIDE WEALTH MORE EQUALLY.
Term
NEWLY INDUSTRILIZED COUNTRIES
Definition
EXPERIENCING RAPID ECONOMIC GROWTH, HAVE SHOWN A TENDENCY TOWARD DEMOCRATIZATION AND POLITICAL STABILITY.

(MEXICO & IRAN)
Term
LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Definition
LACK SIGNIFICANT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND ALSO TEND TO HAVE AUTHORITARIAN GOVERNMENTS

(NIGERIA)
Term
INSTITUITIONS
Definition
STABLE LONG LASTING ORGINIZATIONS THAT HELP TO TURN POLITICAL IDEAS INTO POLICY

(BUREAUCRACIES,LEGISLATURES, JUDICIAL SYSTEMS, POLITICAL PARTIES)
Term
SOVERIGNTY
Definition
THE ABILITY TO CARRY OUT ACTIONS OR POLICY WITHIN BORDERS INDEPENDENTLY FROM INTERFERENCE EITHER FROM THE INSIDE OR THE OUTSIDE.
Term
NATION
Definition
A GROUP OF PEOPLE THAT IS BOUND TOGETHER BY A COMMON POLITICAL IDENTITY.
Term
NATIONALISM
Definition
THE SENSE OF BELONGING AND IDENTITY THAT DISTINGUISHES ONE NATION FROM ANOTHER
Term
INDIRECT DEMOCRACY
Definition
ELECTED OFFICIALS REPRESENTING THE PEOPLE
Term
DIRECT DEMOCRACY
Definition
INDIVIDUALS HAVE IMMEDIATE SAY OVER MANY DECISIONS THAT THE GOVERNMENT MAKES.
Term
PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM
Definition
CITIZENS VOTE FOR LEGISLATIVE REPRESENTATIVES WHISH IN TURN SELECT THE LEADERS OF THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH.
Term
PRESEDENTIAL SYSTEM
Definition
WHERE CITIZENS VOTE FOR THE LEGISLATIVE REPRESENTATATIVE AS WELL FOR THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH AND THE TWO BRANCHES FUNCTION WITH SEPERATION OF POWERS.
Term
AUTHORITRIAN REGIME
Definition
DECISIONS MADE BY POLITICAL ELITES WITHOUT MUCH INPUT FROM THE CITIZENS

(COMMUNISM)
Term
COMMUNISM
Definition
DEVELPOED BY KARL MARX IN THE 19TH CENTURY ALTERD BY VLADIMIR LENIN IN THE 20TH.
Term
CORPOTISM
Definition
GOVEERNMENT OFFICIALS INTERACT WITH POEPLE GROUPS OUTSIDE THE GOVERNMENT BEFORE THEY SET POLICY.
Term
PATRON CLIENT SYSTEM
Definition
PROVIDE RECIPRICOL FAVORS AND SERVICES TO THEIR SUPPORTERS
Term
RATIONAL-LEGA LEGITIMACY
Definition
BASED ON SYSTEM OF WELL ESTABLISHED LAWS AND PROCEDURES.

HIGHLY INSTITUTIONALIZED OR ANCHORED BY STRONG INSTITUTIONS LIKE LEGISLATURES, EXECUTIVES AND JUDICIARIES
Term
POLITICAL CULTURE
Definition
THE COLLECTION OF POLITICAL BELIEFS VALUES PRACTICES AND INSTITUTIONS THAT THE GOVT IS BASED ON
Term
POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES
Definition
SET OF VALUES HELD BY INDIVIDUALS REGARDING THE BASIC GOALS OF GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS.
Term
LIBERLISM
Definition
(political ideology) EMPHASIS ON POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FREEDOM. MAXMISE FREEDOM FOR ALL PEOPLE, FREEDOM OF SPEECH OR RELIGION OF CRITICISM.

(LIBERAL DEMOCRACIES- GREAT BRITAIN & US)
Term
COMMUNISM
Definition
VALUES EQUALITY OVER FREEDOM. TAKES RIGHT TO PROPERTY SO THAT EVERY ONE IS EQUAL. THINKS LIDERAL DEMOCRACIES ARE FOR THE RICH AND PROTECT ONLY THE RICH.
Term
SOCIALISM
Definition
FREEDOM. SOCIALISTS ACCEPT AND PROMOTE PROVATE OWNERSHIP AND FREE MARKET PRINCIPLES. HOWEVER THE STATE HAS A STRONG ROLE IN REGULATING THE ECONOMY.
Term
FACISM
Definition
DEVALUATE FREEDOM. REJECTS THE VALUE OF FREEDOM.

(NAZIS GERMANY)
Term
REFORM
Definition
CHANGE THAT DOES NOT ADVOCATE THE OVERTHROW OF BASIC INSTITUTIONS.
Term
REVOLUTION
Definition
CHANGE IN A MAJOR REVISION OR OVERRTHROW OF THE GOVERNMENT.
Term
COUP D'TATS
Definition
MILITARY TAKE OVER
Term
COMPETITIVE ELECTIONS
Definition
REGULAR,FREE,FAIR
Term
LIBERAL DEMOCRACY
Definition
DISPLAYS OTHER DEMOCRATIC CHARACTERISTICS BEYOND COMPETITIVE ELECTIONS LIKE:

CIVIL LIBERTIES
RULE OF LAW
NEUTRALITY OF JUDICIARY
OPEN CIVIL SOCIETY
CIVILIAN CONTROL OF THE MILITARY
Term
ILLBERAL DEMOCRACY
Definition
COUNTRIES THAT ONLY HAVRE FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS BUT NOT THE OTHER QUALITIES.
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