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| Cumulative genetic changes that occur over time in a population of organisms; evolution explains many patterns observed in the natural world |
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Definition
| When better-adapted individuals - those who have certain traits or characteristics that help them adapt better to the environment - are more likely to survive and reproduce, thus increasing their proportion in the population. |
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| Species produce more offspring than will survive to reproduce. |
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| Each individual of a population has a unique set of traits. |
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| Limits on population growth |
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Definition
| There are limited resources for many individuals, so there is competition and thus a struggle for existence. |
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| Differential reproductive success |
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Definition
| Individuals that have the most favorable adaptations will survive, reproduce, and pass on their genes. |
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| Evolutionary modification that improves chances of survival and reproductive success. |
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| Wrote 'The Origin of the Species' in 1859, which described the theory of evolution by natural selection. |
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| A five-year voyage in which Charles Darwin visited the Galapagos Islands and observed finches to obtain conclusive evidence for natural selection. |
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| The islands upon which Charles Darwin sought to prove his theory of natural selection. |
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| Six Kingdom Classification |
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Definition
| Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia |
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| Darwin's 4 premises of NS |
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Definition
| 1) Each species produces more offspring than will survive. 2)Individuals in a population exhibit variation. 3)Limited resources and density-dependent factors spur competition. 4)Differential reproductive succes increases well-adapted individuals in a population. |
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Definition
| Group of organisms that interbreed with one another rather than other organisms in the wild. |
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| Variation among organisms that takes into account genetic diversity and ecosystem diversity |
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| Genetic variety within all populations of a species. |
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| Varieties of interactions among organisms in natural communities. |
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| Important environmental benefits which ecosystems provide. E.g clean water, clean air... |
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| Incorporation of genes from one organims into an entirely different species. |
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| Scientific importance of diversity |
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Definition
| Genetic engineering depends upon a broad base of genetic diversity. |
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| Medicinal importance of diversity |
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Definition
| Genetic resources of organisms are used in medicines to combat illness and disease. |
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| Agricultural importance of diversity |
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Definition
| Food and nutrition depend upon plant and animal species. |
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| Industrial Importance of diversity |
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Definition
| Industrial technology depends upon products such as oils, fragrances, resins, cork, dyes, paper, and lumber. |
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| Aesthetic Value of diversity |
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Definition
| Natural beauty is aesthetically pleasing and is usually the subject of popular culture. |
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| Ethical Value of diversity |
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Definition
| Two views: 1)Humans are the best and biodiversity doesn't matter and 2) Hang on, we're just another species and we're part of the environment |
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| Spiritual Value of diversity |
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Definition
| Recreation, inspiration, and spiritual solace of being part of a food web and of being surrounded by beauty |
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